全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5273篇 |
免费 | 86篇 |
国内免费 | 47篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 248篇 |
废物处理 | 178篇 |
环保管理 | 1230篇 |
综合类 | 619篇 |
基础理论 | 1286篇 |
环境理论 | 11篇 |
污染及防治 | 1238篇 |
评价与监测 | 351篇 |
社会与环境 | 210篇 |
灾害及防治 | 35篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 33篇 |
2022年 | 41篇 |
2021年 | 52篇 |
2020年 | 49篇 |
2019年 | 57篇 |
2018年 | 82篇 |
2017年 | 108篇 |
2016年 | 124篇 |
2015年 | 117篇 |
2014年 | 125篇 |
2013年 | 569篇 |
2012年 | 203篇 |
2011年 | 281篇 |
2010年 | 191篇 |
2009年 | 220篇 |
2008年 | 247篇 |
2007年 | 305篇 |
2006年 | 218篇 |
2005年 | 189篇 |
2004年 | 188篇 |
2003年 | 190篇 |
2002年 | 182篇 |
2001年 | 93篇 |
2000年 | 104篇 |
1999年 | 67篇 |
1998年 | 73篇 |
1997年 | 67篇 |
1996年 | 77篇 |
1995年 | 80篇 |
1994年 | 89篇 |
1993年 | 65篇 |
1992年 | 63篇 |
1991年 | 54篇 |
1990年 | 49篇 |
1989年 | 41篇 |
1988年 | 56篇 |
1987年 | 41篇 |
1986年 | 48篇 |
1985年 | 38篇 |
1984年 | 38篇 |
1983年 | 46篇 |
1982年 | 59篇 |
1981年 | 56篇 |
1980年 | 32篇 |
1979年 | 38篇 |
1978年 | 32篇 |
1977年 | 34篇 |
1976年 | 19篇 |
1974年 | 16篇 |
1972年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有5406条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Boy Jens Strey Simone Schönenberg Regine Strey Robert Weber-Santos Oscarlina Nendel Claas Klingler Michael Schumann Charlotte Hartberger Korbinian Guggenberger Georg 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(1):63-75
Regional Environmental Change - Soil carbon stocks of 29 plots along a transect through tropical Brazil showed only minor soil carbon losses after land use shift, although replacement of... 相似文献
102.
103.
Igor Linkov Matthew D. Wood Renae Ditmer Anthony Cox Robert Ross 《The Environmentalist》2013,33(3):335-340
Individuals make decisions every day in group contexts which vary in size, structure, and purpose. The US Department of Defense (DoD) is a large organization composed of many groups, and like many organizations, it has a vested interest in improving the performance of its affiliated groups, especially as it concerns risk-informed decision-making. This article discusses current foibles and considerations for decision-making in DoD groups as identified through a workshop with experts in risk-informed decision-making, cognitive science, and military operations. Experts noted that terms associated with risk-informed decision-making were often misconstrued, that formal decision-making frameworks are underutilized, and that many considerations should be taken into account when attempting to improve decision-making performance. 相似文献
104.
Salinity levels vary spatially in coastal areas, depending on proximity to freshwater sources, and may also be slowly decreasing
as a result of anthropogenic climatic changes. The impact of salinity on host–parasite interactions is potentially a key regulator
of transmission processes in intertidal areas, where trematodes are extremely common parasites of invertebrates and vertebrates.
We investigated experimentally the effects of long-term exposure to decreased salinity levels on output of infective stages
(cercariae) and their transmission success in the trematode Philophthalmus sp. This parasite uses the snail Zeacumantus subcarinatus as intermediate host, in which it asexually produces cercariae. After leaving the snail, cercariae encyst externally on hard
substrates to await accidental ingestion by shorebirds, which serve as definitive hosts. We found that at reduced salinities
(25 or 30 psu), the cercarial output of the parasite was lower, the time taken by cercariae to encyst was longer, fewer cercariae
successfully encysted and encysted parasites had lower long-term survival than at normal seawater salinity (35 psu). The strong
effect of salinity on the replication and transmission of this parasite suggests that there may be sources and sinks of transmission
to birds along coastal areas, depending on local salinity conditions. Also, unless it evolves to adapt to changing conditions,
the predicted reduction in salinity as a consequence of climate change may have negative impact on the parasite’s abundance. 相似文献
105.
Haus Martin Žatko Daniel Vašková Janka Vaško Ladislav 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(2):1612-1618
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The most common mycotoxin found in European foodstuffs, especially unprocessed grains, is deoxynivalenol (DON), which inhibits proteosynthesis and... 相似文献
106.
Hiller Edgar Pilková Zuzana Filová Lenka Jurkovič Ľubomír Mihaljevič Martin Lacina Petr 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(5):5455-5471
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - It is well known that road transport emits various trace elements into the environment, which are deposited in soils in the vicinity of roads,... 相似文献
107.
Pavlova Ekaterina Pashkunova-Martic Irena Schaier Martin Petrova Emilia Gluhcheva Yordanka Dorkov Peter Helbich Thomas H. Keppler Bernhard Koellensperger Gunda Ivanova Juliana 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(6):6784-6795
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, we compare the effects of deferiprone (Def) and tetraethylammonium salt of salinomycinic acid (Sal) on lead (Pb)-induced toxicity in... 相似文献
108.
Robert Tardif Manuel Rodriguez Cyril Catto Ginette Charest-Tardif Sabrina Simard 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(8):163-172
The formation and concentration of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in pool water and the ambient air vary according to the type of water treatment process used. This exploratory study was aimed at investigating the short-term impact of modifications of the water treatment process on traditional DBP levels (e.g., trihalomethanes (THMs), chloramines) and emerging DBPs (e.g., Halonitromethanes, Haloketones, NDMA) in swimming pool water and/or air. A sampling program was carried to understand the impact of the following changes made successively to the standard water treatment process: activation of ultraviolet (UV) photoreactor, halt of air stripping with continuation of air extraction from the buffer tank, halt of air stripping and suppression of air extraction from the buffer tank, suppression of the polyaluminium silicate sulfate (PASS) coagulant. UV caused a high increase of Halonitromethanes (8.4 fold), Haloketones (2.1 fold), and THMs in the water (1.7 fold) and, of THMs in the air (1.6 fold) and contributed to reducing the level of chloramines in the air (1.6 fold) and NDMA in the water (2.1 fold). The results highlight the positive impact of air stripping in reducing volatile contaminants. The PASS did not change the presence of DBPs, except for the THMs, which decrease slightly with the use of this coagulant. This study shows that modifications affecting the water treatment process can rapidly produce important and variable impacts on DBP levels in water and air and suggests that implementation of any water treatment process to reduce DBP levels should take into account the specific context of each swimming pool. 相似文献
109.
Adrien Brié Ravo Razafimahefa Julie Loutreul Aurélie Robert Christophe Gantzer Nicolas Boudaud Isabelle Bertrand 《Food and environmental virology》2017,9(2):149-158
Heat and free chlorine are among the most efficient and commonly used treatments to inactivate enteric viruses, but their global inactivation mechanisms have not been elucidated yet. These treatments have been shown to affect at least the capsid proteins of viruses and thus may affect the surface properties (i.e. electrostatic charge and hydrophobicity) of such particles. Our aim was to study the effects of heat and free chlorine on surface properties for a murine norovirus chosen as surrogate for human norovirus. No changes in the surface properties were observed with our methods for murine norovirus exposed to free chlorine. Only the heat treatment led to major changes in the surface properties of the virus with the expression of hydrophobic domains at the surface of the particles after exposure to a temperature of 55 °C. No modification of the expression of hydrophobic domains occurred after exposure to 60 °C, and the low hydrophobic state exhibited by infectious and inactivated particles after exposure to 60 °C appeared to be irreversible for inactivated particles only, which may provide a means to discriminate infectious from inactivated murine noroviruses. When exposed to a temperature of 72 °C or to free chlorine at a concentration of 50 mg/L, the genome became available for RNases. 相似文献
110.
Anders Malmendal Jesper Givskov Sørensen Johannes Overgaard Martin Holmstrup Niels Chr. Nielsen Volker Loeschcke 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2013,100(5):417-427
We investigated the global metabolite response to artificial selection for tolerance to stressful conditions such as cold, heat, starvation, and desiccation, and for longevity in Drosophila melanogaster. Our findings were compared to data from other levels of biological organization, including gene expression, physiological traits, and organismal stress tolerance phenotype. Overall, we found that selection for environmental stress tolerance changes the metabolomic 1H NMR fingerprint largely in a similar manner independent of the trait selected for, indicating that experimental evolution led to a general stress selection response at the metabolomic level. Integrative analyses across data sets showed little similarity when general correlations between selection effects at the level of the metabolome and gene expression were compared. This is likely due to the fact that the changes caused by these selection regimes were rather mild and/or that the dominating determinants for gene expression and metabolite levels were different. However, expression of a number of genes was correlated with the metabolite data. Many of the identified genes were general stress response genes that are down-regulated in response to selection for some of the stresses in this study. Overall, the results illustrate that selection markedly alters the metabolite profile and that the coupling between different levels of biological organization indeed is present though not very strong for stress selection at this level. The results highlight the extreme complexity of environmental stress adaptation and the difficulty of extrapolating and interpreting responses across levels of biological organization. 相似文献