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151.
Kirsten A. Henderson Mateus Reis Carolina C. Blanco Valério D. Pillar Rodrigo C. Printes Chris T. Bauch Madhur Anand 《Sustainability Science》2016,11(2):321-330
The forest–grassland mosaics of southern Brazil have been subject to many land use and policy changes over the decades. Like many grasslands around the world, the Campos grasslands are declining with few conservation efforts underway. In contrast, forests receive much attention and many incentives. It is hypothesized that perception of land cover has the potential to shape ecosystems. Here we conduct a questionnaire to further our understanding of decision-making practices that alter landscapes (Campos grassland, Araucaria forest, agriculture and plantation) and direct land policies in the region. Our analysis reveals that plantations are significantly less desirable than the other landscape types. However, plantation land use has increased by 87 % over the past few decades, as a result of industry and government incentives. The proportions of other landscape types have remained consistent over the past two decades. Restoration of native vegetation is not a priority of landowners and restoration would require a financial incentive. 相似文献
152.
Rodrigo Kerr Letícia C. da Cunha Ruy K. P. Kikuchi Paulo A. Horta Rosane G. Ito Marius N. Müller Iole B. M. Orselli Jannine M. Lencina-Avila Manoela R. de Orte Laura Sordo Bárbara R. Pinheiro Frédéric K. Bonou Nadine Schubert Ellie Bergstrom Margareth S. Copertino 《Environmental management》2016,57(3):740-752
153.
Carolina Lourencetti Rodrigo Favoreto Mary R. R. Marchi Maria L. Ribeiro 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):697-705
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), listed as per the Stockholm Convention (α -HCH, β -HCH, γ -HCH, p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDE, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, PCBs 28, 52, 118, 138, 153, and 180), were analyzed in municipal solid waste (MSW) compost samples from three different Brazilian composting plants located in three São Paulo State cities: Araras, Araraquara and São Paulo (Vila Leopoldinha). Quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out using gas chromatography electron capture detection (GC-ECD) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (Ion Trap, electron impact ionization), respectively. The samples were analyzed in triplicate and the target POPs were not detected by GC-ECD. Twelve pollutants were identified in two samples when qualitative analysis (GC-MS) was used (β -HCH, γ -HCH, p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDD, and p,p′-DDE, PCBs 28, 118, 138, 153 and 180). The composting process has advantages such as urban solid waste reduction and landfill life-span increase, however the MSW compost quality, which can be utilized for agricultural purposes, should be evaluated and be controlled. This kind of study is the first step in making available information to answer questions regarding MSW compost for sustainable agricultural use, such as the pollutants accumulation in soil and in groundwater, and plants uptake. 相似文献
154.
Poblete R Prieto-Rodríguez L Oller I Maldonado MI Malato S Otal E Vilches LF Fernández-Pereira C 《Chemosphere》2012,88(9):1090-1096
The treatment of municipal solid waste landfill leachate in a pilot plant made up of solar compound parabolic collectors, using a solid industrial titanium by-product (WTiO2) containing TiO2 and Fe(III) as a photocatalyst, was investigated. In the study evidence was found showing that the degradation performed with WTiO2 was mainly due to the Fe provided by this by-product, instead of TiO2. However, although TiO2 had very little effect by itself, a synergistic effect was observed between Fe and TiO2. The application of WTiO2, which produced coupled photo-Fenton and heterogeneous catalysis reactions, achieved a surprisingly high depuration level (86% of COD removal), higher than that reached by photo-Fenton using commercial FeSO4 (43%) in the same conditions. After the oxidation process the biodegradability and toxicity of the landfill leachate were studied. The results showed that the leachate biodegradability was substantially increased, at least in the first stages of the process, and again that WTiO2 was more efficient than FeSO4 in terms of increasing biodegradability. 相似文献
155.
Daniel Kozák Marek Svitok Veronika Zemlerová Martin Mikoláš Thibault Lachat Laurent Larrieu Yoan Paillet Arne Buechling Radek Bače William S. Keeton Lucie Vítková Krešimir Begovič Vojtěch Čada Martin Dušátko Matej Ferenčík Michal Frankovič Rhiannon Gloor Jeňýk Hofmeister Pavel Janda Ondrej Kameniar Tomáš Kníř Linda Majdanová Marek Mejstřík Jakob Pavlin Dheeraj Ralhan Ruffy Rodrigo Catalin-Constantin Roibu Michal Synek Ondřej Vostarek Miroslav Svoboda 《Conservation biology》2023,37(3):e14066
Protecting structural features, such as tree-related microhabitats (TreMs), is a cost-effective tool crucial for biodiversity conservation applicable to large forested landscapes. Although the development of TreMs is influenced by tree diameter, species, and vitality, the relationships between tree age and TreM profile remain poorly understood. Using a tree-ring-based approach and a large data set of 8038 trees, we modeled the effects of tree age, diameter, and site characteristics on TreM richness and occurrence across some of the most intact primary temperate forests in Europe, including mixed beech and spruce forests. We observed an overall increase in TreM richness on old and large trees in both forest types. The occurrence of specific TreM groups was variably related to tree age and diameter, but some TreM groups (e.g., epiphytes) had a stronger positive relationship with tree species and elevation. Although many TreM groups were positively associated with tree age and diameter, only two TreM groups in spruce stands reacted exclusively to tree age (insect galleries and exposed sapwood) without responding to diameter. Thus, the retention of trees for conservation purposes based on tree diameter appears to be a generally feasible approach with a rather low risk of underrepresentation of TreMs. Because greater tree age and diameter positively affected TreM development, placing a greater emphasis on conserving large trees and allowing them to reach older ages, for example, through the establishment of conservation reserves, would better maintain the continuity of TreM resource and associated biodiversity. However, this approach may be difficult due to the widespread intensification of forest management and global climate change. 相似文献
156.
Rodrigo A. Estévez Felipe H. Alamos Terry Walshe Stefan Gelcich 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2018,23(1):87-97
In environmental decisions, analysts commonly face substantial uncertainties around stakeholders’ values judgments. Multi-Attribute Value Theory (MAVT), a family of multi-criteria decision analysis techniques, is applied in participative settings to articulate stakeholders’ values in decision-making. In MAVT, value judgments represent the intensity of individuals’ preferences in a set of objectives, which are operationalized as scaling factors or weights. Different sets of weights may express variation in people’s preferences or value judgments. Unfortunately, there are still important methodological gaps regarding how to incorporate uncertainty and the substantial variation commonly encountered in stakeholders’ preferences. This article presents a model of uncertainty that encompasses the dispersion of value judgments in MAVT. To achieve this goal, we draw on info-gap theory, which provides a mathematically grounded method for exploring sensitivity to preference weights when there are relatively high levels of uncertainties. We experimentally tested the uncertainty model in an environmental decision problem. We found that MAVT can use info-gap analysis to deal with multiple value judgments, avoiding exclusive reliance on nominal expected values to inform decisions. We explored a mechanism to explicitly consider the trade-offs between the performance of alternatives and the level of uncertainty that in any specified context a decision maker is willing to accept. Findings emphasize the potential of MAVT to support environmental management decisions, particularly in situations where multiple stakeholders and their contested value judgments have to be considered simultaneously to explore uncertainties around value trade-offs. 相似文献
157.
Jader Galba Busato Caroline Moreira de Carvalho Daniel Basilio Zandonadi Fernando Fabriz Sodré Alan Ribeiro Mol Aline Lima de Oliveira Rodrigo Diana Navarro 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(36):35811-35820
Waste from the beneficiation of fish was composted with crushed grass aiming to characterize their chemical composition and investigate the possibility of the use of the final compost as source of humic acids (HA) able to stimulate the growth of lettuce. Compost presented pH value, C/N ratio, and electrical conductivity that allow its use as an organic fertilizer. The element content was present in the following order of abundance in the compost: P?>?Ca?>?N?>?Mg?>?K?>?Fe?>?Zn?>?Mn?>?Mo?>?Cu, and the humus composition was similar to that observed in others kind of organic residues composted. The high content of oxygen pointed out a high level of oxidation of HA, in line with the predominance of phenolic acidity in the functional groups. The 13C-NMR spectra showed marked resonances due to the presence of lipids and other materials resistant to degradation as methoxy substituent and N-alkyl groups. A concentration of 20 mg L?1 HA increased significantly both dry and wet root matter in lettuce but the CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, and number of lateral roots of the plants were not affected. However, increases of 64% in the water-use efficiency was observed due to the HA addition, probably related to the root morphology alteration which resulted in 1.6-fold increase of lateral root average length and due to the higher H+ extrusion activity. Reuse of residues from the fish beneficiation activity by composting may represent a safe tool to increase the value of recycled organic residues and generate HA with potential use as plant growth stimulants. 相似文献
158.
159.
Mymrin Vsevolod Alekseev Kirill Klitzke Walderson de Evaniki Daniela Pedroso Cleber L. Passig Fernando H. Carvalho Karina Q. Haminiuk Charles W. I. Catai Rodrigo E. 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(3):1549-1559
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This paper reports the development and characterization of new ceramics from hazardous bauxite red mud (50... 相似文献
160.
Costs of the electrochemical oxidation of wastewaters: a comparison with ozonation and Fenton oxidation processes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In the work described here the technical and economic feasibilities of three Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have been studied: Conductive-Diamond Electrochemical Oxidation (CDEO), Ozonation and Fenton oxidation. The comparison was made by assessing the three technologies with synthetic wastewaters polluted with different types of organic compounds and also with actual wastes (from olive oil mills and from a fine-chemical manufacturing plant). All three technologies were able to treat the wastes, but very different results were obtained in terms of efficiency and mineralization. Only CDEO could achieve complete mineralization of the pollutants for all the wastes. However, the efficiencies were found to depend on the concentration of pollutant (mass transfer control of the oxidation rate). Results obtained in the oxidation with ozone (at pH 12) or by Fenton's reagent were found to depend on the nature of the pollutants, and significant concentrations of oxidation-refractory compounds were usually accumulated during the treatment. Within the discharge limits that all of the technologies can reach, the economic analysis shows that the operating cost of Fenton oxidation is lower than either CDEO or ozonation, although CD\EO can compete satisfactorily with the Fenton process in the treatment of several kinds of wastes. Likewise, the investment cost for the ozonation process seems to be higher than either CDEO or Fenton oxidation, regardless of the pollutant treated. 相似文献