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571.
Fluidized pellet bed (FPB) has been successfully applied in water and wastewater treatment. However, the removal mechanism of
contaminants especially the soluble ones, is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the e ectiveness of FPB reactor for removing
soluble contaminants from synthetic wastewater. By only coagulation through jar test operation with addition of polyaluminium chloride
(PACl) as primary coagulant and polyacryamide (PAM) as coagulant-aid, the removals of soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD),
total phosphorus (TP), and NH4
+-N were found to be only 2.2%–7.5%, 5.7%–25.5%, and 9.9%–18.5%, respectively. However, by FPB
operation under the same dosage of coagulants, these values increased to 82.7%, 37.2%, and 50%, indicating that the formation of
pellets in the FPB e ectively enhanced the removal of soluble contaminants. By careful comparison of the settleablility and filterability
of the pollutants after coagulation, the originally soluble contaminants could be divided into three groups, namely: (1) coagulated-andsettleable,
(2) coagulated-but-nonsettleable, and (3) uncoagulable. It was found that not only the first two groups but also a large part of
the third group could be e ectively removed by FPB operation. However, the mechanism for the removal of the uncoagulable pollutants
by FPB operation still needs further investigation. 相似文献
572.
The spatial variation of heavy metals in the soils in Shuikoushan mining-smelting area, Hunan Province, China, was investigated
using multivariate and geo-statistic analysis. A total of 106 composite soil samples were collected in an area of about 100 km2.
Concentrations of total As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Arsenic and Pb were found to have a common source, indicating the same sources and spreading processes, such as aerosols and
airborne particulates from smelting chimneys. Airborne sources from smelting chimneys contributed greatly to Cd in the area, which
demonstrated the same dispersion pattern as As and Pb. However, two hot spots of Cd around smelters were possibly enlarged by
wastewaters, demonstrating another important source of Cd in Shuikouhsan. Geo-statistic interpolated mapping demonstrated that hotspots
of Zn were only found proximal to the large smelters, suggesting that Zn primarily came from the chimneys of larger smelters.
The major Cu hot-spots appeared closely to the tailing dam, indicating that weathering and leaching of tailings were the major sources
of Cu contamination in Shuikoushan. Our findings indicated that airborne volatile particles and aerosols contributed the most to As,
Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu contamination, while Cd and Cu may also derive from the discharge of wastewater from smelters and the leaching
of tailings, respectively. 相似文献
573.
574.
Evaluation of mercury speciation and removal through air pollution control
devices of a 190 MW boiler 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chengli Wu Yan Cao Zhongbing Dong Chinmin Cheng Hanxu Li Weiping Pan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(2):277-282
Air pollution control devices (APCDs) are installed at coal-fired power plants for air pollutant regulation. Selective catalytic reduction
(SCR) and wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems have the co-benefits of air pollutant and mercury removal. Configuration
and operational conditions of APCDs and mercury speciation a ect mercury removal e ciently at coal-fired utilities. The Ontario
Hydro Method (OHM) recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was used to determine mercury speciation
simultaneously at five sampling locations through SCR-ESP-FGD at a 190 MW unit. Chlorine in coal had been suggested as a factor
a ecting the mercury speciation in flue gas; and low-chlorine coal was purported to produce less oxidized mercury (Hg2+) and more
elemental mercury (Hg0) at the SCR inlet compared to higher chlorine coal. SCR could oxidize elemental mercury into oxidized
mercury when SCR was in service, and oxidation e ciency reached 71.0%. Therefore, oxidized mercury removal e ciency was
enhanced through a wet FGD system. In the non-ozone season, about 89.5%–96.8% of oxidized mercury was controlled, but only
54.9%–68.8% of the total mercury was captured through wet FGD. Oxidized mercury removal e ciency was 95.9%–98.0%, and there
was a big di erence in the total mercury removal e ciencies from 78.0% to 90.2% in the ozone season. Mercury mass balance was
evaluated to validate reliability of OHM testing data, and the ratio of mercury input in the coal to mercury output at the stack was from
0.84 to 1.08. 相似文献
575.
灌溉管理改革的进展、特征及决定因素:黄河流域灌区的实证研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
论文采用两年的面板数据实证研究了我国黄河流域灌区灌溉管理改革的进展、特征及决定因素。研究结果表明,自20世纪90年代开始,黄河流域灌区灌溉管理改革取得了很大的进展,传统的集体管理已经逐步被承包管理和用水协会管理所取代,不同管理制度下农民参与的程度与管理的透明度都有所区别,政府的政策干预在促进灌溉管理改革上发挥了十分重要的作用,改革具有明显的政策导向性。在未来的灌溉管理改革中,政府部门应进一步出台相关鼓励改革政策,积极引导广大农民参与到改革的事业中,促进改革在更加广阔的农村地区的有效推进和良性发展。 相似文献
576.
Effects of sediment dredging on water quality and zooplankton community
structure in a shallow of eutrophic lake 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Shiyang Zhang Qiaohong Zhou Dong Xu Jidong Lin Shuiping Cheng Zhenbin Wu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(2):218-224
Effects of suction dredging on water quality and zooplankton community structure in a shallow of eutrophic lake,were evaluated.The results showed that a decreasing trend for levels of phosphorus,organic matter,total suspended solids,Chlorophyll a and Secchi transparency in the water column was found,while levels of water depth,electrical conductivity,total dissolved solids and NO 3--N concentration increased markedly post-dredging.The effects of dredging on dissolved oxygen,pH value and temperature were alm... 相似文献
577.
<正>南非位于南半球,非洲大陆的最南端,地处南纬22度到35度之间,面积为121.9万平方公里,人口约为4700万,是非洲大陆经济最发达的国家,因其多民族和多元文化的融合而被称为"彩虹之国"。南非境内共有20座国家公园,此外还有不少的省区管理和私人运营 相似文献
578.
基于公路网络的长江三角洲旅游景点可达性格局研究 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:10
论文运用GIS软件,定量分析了长江三角洲旅游景点可达性。通过分析发现:长江三角洲旅游景点资源的可达性较好,整个区域的平均可达性时间为25.89 min,景点的可达性在30 min以内的区域达到了69.79%,可达性空间分布具有明显的交通指向性,人文景点可达性好的区域相对于自然景点更加集中。并以县域为统计单元,分析了所有景点、人文景点、自然景点三种类型的空间关联情况,均呈弱集聚格局,可达性热点区域的分布都表现为以上海为核心的圈层结构,冷点区域分布在长江三角洲区域的外围地区。在上述分析的基础上,将影响景点可达性的因素归纳为4个,即:旅游景点分布、路网结构的地区差异、自然环境和人文环境。 相似文献
579.
用生物膜缺氧修复受污染的城市河道水 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用一种类似氧化沟的反应器,其中利用蜂窝陶瓷为载体形成生物膜替代活性污泥,对城市受污染的河道水体进行缺氧生物修复.修复过程中控制溶解氧含量在0.5 mg/L以下,使生物反应在缺氧状态下运行.在此过程中,水中的氨氮去除率为40%~60%,总氮的去除率达到40%~45%,即氨氮和总氮得到同步去除,且没有亚硝酸盐积累.提取生物膜置于摇瓶内进行厌氧培养发现,氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮也得到同步去除,这表明在低碳氮比的微污染地表水的生物修复过程中同时有硝化-反硝化和厌氧氨氧化现象.通过分子生物学分析,证实在生物膜群落里存在具有厌氧氨氧化能力的微生物.这一结果有可能为富营养化水体的修复提供一种经济、实用的技术途径. 相似文献
580.