压实黄土抗剪强度参数影响因素研究

为了进一步研究河南三门峡地区黄土抗剪强度的影响因素,采用应变控制式三轴仪对不同含水量、不同压实度下的重塑黄土进行不固结不排水三轴试验。试验结果表明:相同压实度下,随着含水量的增加,应力应变关系曲线由弱应变硬化向强应变硬化转变;粘聚力与内摩擦角均随含水量的增加而减小,粘聚力与含水量的变化呈明显负线性相关,内摩擦角与含水量无明显的相关性。相同含水量下,粘聚力与内摩擦角随压实度的增加而逐渐增大,且呈现出明显的指数相关。含水量对抗剪强度参数的影响比压实度大。对以上强度参数采用最小二乘法进行拟合,得出考虑含水率和压实度的抗剪强度相关关系式,能够较为准确的反映在某种试验条件下强度参数的变化规律,为实际工程应用和数值模拟提供依据。     

Cd对不同形态漆酶修复DDT污染土壤的影响

研究了重金属Cd对游离漆酶和同定化反胶团漆酶修复土壤有机氯农药DDT污染的影响.结果表明.游离漆酶对土壤中DDT各组分均有不同程度降解,且均随着cd浓度的增大而降低,含量越高的组分降解率越高.受到Cd污染的影响也越大(P,P'-DDT>P,P'-DDD>0.P'-DDT>P,P'-DDE);当Cd浓度分别为0、0.5、1和2 mg·kg-1时,游离漆酶对土壤中DDT总量的降解率分别为50.68%、32.50%、14.92%和13.40%.固定化反胶团漆酶比游离漆酶能更有效地降解DDT,DDT降解率在无Cd和有Cd存在时(Cd浓度为0.5 mg·kg-1)分别提高20%和30%左右.     

游泳知点滴

夏季是游泳的好季节。游泳既能锻炼身体又能带来快乐，是人们喜好的一种体育锻炼方式。但在游泳时应注意：     

骨粉干燥烟尘治理研究及工程实践

本文以一骨粉干燥烟尘治理研究及工程实践为例。首次提出对除尘措施的１３条要求，采用三级除尘一级脱水的除尘系统。即重力沉降室－ＸＺＺ－４型旋风除尘器－ＣＣＪ／Ａ－１０型湿式冲激式除法器一重力扩散式脱水装置。较好地解决了这种烟尘的高温、高浓度、高湿、高分散度和粘性、疏水性、腐蚀性等技术问题。运行实践表明，本工程在骨粉干燥烟尘治理方面提供了一个可参考的范例。     

EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MODELS FOR APPLICATION TO WATER RESOURCES PLANNING1

ABSTRACT: A research project was undertaken for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to determine the relative utility and effectiveness of four well-known multicriteria decision making (MCDM) models for applications in realistic water resources planning settings. A series of experiments was devised to examine the impact of rating and ranking procedures on the decision making behavior of users (e.g., planners, managers, analysts, etc.) when faced with situations involving multiple evaluation criteria and numerous alternative planning projects. The four MCDM models tested were MATS-PC, EXPERT CHOICE, ARIADNE, and ELECTRE. Two groups of analysts and decision makers were tested. One group consisted of experienced U.S. Army Corps planners, while the other was comprised of graduate students. Based on a series of nonparametric statistical tests, the results identified EXPERT CHOICE as the preferred MCDM model by both groups based largely on ease of use and understandability. ARIADNE fostered the largest degree of agreement within and among the two groups of individuals tested. The tests also lend support to the claim that rankings are not affected significantly by the choice of decision maker (i.e., who uses any of these MCDM models) or which of these four models is used.     

超塑性材料轴对称镦粗时的变形力计算

本文探讨了变分理论在超塑性成形方面的应用,建立了适合超塑性材料的变分理论的基本方程,并比超塑性材料轴对称镦粗为例验证了这些方程的正确性。     

中国东部地区能耗和SO_2排放趋势预测研究

在系统研究我国东部地区１８个省、市、自治区近年来能源消耗和ＳＯ２排放现状的基础上，利用国际上先进的ＬＥＡＰ模式和排放系数法，进行了２０００，２０１０和２０２０年三个时段的能耗和ＳＯ２排放趋势预测。研究中考虑了三峡工程和核电等的影响和各省之间的电平衡，以及有关部门的最新政策和数据。将大型火电厂单独作为点源考虑后，ＳＯ２排放的结果采用科学方法进行了按经纬度的网格化，可以直接作为远距离酸沉降模式的输入文件使用。最后还分析了东部地区的硫沉降趋势。     

下扬子区晚石炭世“沉积-海底喷出沉积”层状铜、多金属矿床基本特征及成因机理探讨

本文以下扬子区晚石炭世碳酸盐地层内的层状铜、多金属矿床的成矿地质背景、沉积含矿层序内矿石矿物和成矿元素组合、沉积结构构造,成矿温度、同期热液蚀变作用,以及Pb、C、H、O同位素等特征的研究与依据,提出了“沉积-海底喷出沉积成矿模式,即热水溶液在对流循环过程中,从下伏岩石中萃取大量金属,形成含金属热水溶液,再从海底喷出,与海水混合后在适宜的物理化学条件下,金属矿物大量沉淀而形成矿床。     

Structural and photocatalytic properties of TiO2 films fabricated on silicon substrates by MOCVD method

Silicon(111) and Silicon(100) were employed for fabrication of TiO2 films by metal organic chemical vapor deposition( MOCVD).Titanium(Ⅳ) isopropoxide(Ti[O(C3H7)4]) was used as a precursor. The as-deposited TiO2 films were characterized with FE-SEM, XRD and AFM. The photocatalytic properties were investigated by decomposition of aqueous Orange Ⅱ. And UV-VlS photospectrometer was used for checking the absorption characteristics and photocatalytic degradation activity. The crystalline and structural properties of TiO2 film had crucial influences on the photodegradation efficiency. For MOCVD in-situ deposited films on Si substrates, the photoactivities varied following a shape of “M”: at Iower(350℃ ), middle(500℃ ) and higher(800℃ ) temperature of deposition, relative lower photodegradation activities were observed. At 400% and 700% of deposition, relative higher efficiencies of degradation were obtained, because one predominant crystallite orientation could be obtained as deposition at the temperature of two levels, especially a single anatase crystalline TiO2 film could be obtained at 700℃.     

厌氧条件下活性翠蓝生物降解性能研究

通过试通,考察厌氧条件下金属络合型活性染料活性翠蓝的生物降解过程,表明活性翠蓝的厌氧降解过程是氧菌对活性翠蓝与葡萄糖产生共代谢作用的结果,通过4因素3水平正交试验,厌氧条件下pH值,葡萄糖浓度,染料浓度对活性翟蓝降解率的影响是显著的,而污泥浓度的影响不显著,经正交试验确定,当pH＝6,葡萄糖浓度＝0.5g/L,染料浓主工＝20mg/L时,有利于达到较高的活性翠蓝降解率。