隔膜槽中ACF电极成对电解脱色活性艳蓝KN-R

同时以活性炭纤维(ACF)为阳极和阴极,在隔膜电解槽中研究了不同电流密度下蒽醌染料活性艳蓝KN-R的电化学脱色.考察了ACF阳极和ACF阴极各自对染料的脱色性能.结果表明,当电流密度为1.0～1.5 mA/cm2时,电解槽中发生阳极电氧化和阴极电还原同时进行的成对电解脱色.在ACF电极上,活性艳蓝KN-R的电氧化脱色比电还原脱色容易进行,1.0 mA/cm2时,阴阳两极室脱色率分别为69%和93%,而1.5 mA/cm2时,阳极室脱色率保持在93%,阴极室脱色率达到79%.     

聚铝及其加载粘土矿物高效絮凝沉降铜绿微囊藻的研究

考察了4种聚铝絮凝剂絮凝沉降铜绿微囊藻的效果,发现编号为HPACS02的聚铝絮凝剂除藻效果最好,并进一步研究得知HPACS02在pH 7.5时絮凝除藻的效率最高.在采用HPACS02作为絮凝剂时,如果少量投加滑石、海泡石或高岭土等粘土矿物会对铜绿微囊藻的絮凝沉降产生增效作用,其中滑石的助凝效果最好.     

环境样品中DNA提取方法的研究进展

利用微生物降解污染物是废水处理中的常用方法,研究废水处理工艺中微生物的多样性和动态性对于优化废水处理工艺的性能、提高其处理效率具有重要的指导意义.分子生物学方法是研究微生物多样性和动态性的有效方法.由于大多数分子生物学方法都是以提取研究对象的基因组DNA为前提,因此建立一种高效的环境样品DNA的提取方法具有重要作用.综述了从环境样品中提取DNA的主要方法及其研究进展,并提出了一种有效的从活性污泥中提取DNA的具体方法.     

福建地震灾害损失计算分析与思考

介绍了福建城乡震灾快速评估系统。根据震害预测模型,利用该系统平台对1992年以来发生的对福建有较大影响的5级以上中强地震进行震灾快速评估。将系统震害计算结果与实际震害调查评估结果进行对比分析,给出了系统评估结果与实际调查结果的数量差异关系,并提出了建立基于遥感影像的震害评估模型的设计思考,从而为震害预测系统设计提供重要的参考意义。     

预制混凝土柱与独立基础浆锚连接抗震性能研究∗

为研究预埋波纹套管内预制混凝土柱与独立基础浆锚连接试件的抗震性能,进行了 6 个预制装配式柱和 1 个现浇柱的拟静力低周循环往复荷载试验。试验重点研究了柱纵筋锚固长度、轴压比、柱底纵筋局部脱黏(柱底锚固纵筋 5 倍直径范围内)对预制柱抗震性能的影响。结果表明：柱纵筋锚固长度为 10d 时(d 为钢筋直径),基础发生了开裂破坏,随着锚固长度的增加,破坏形态由基础开裂破坏变为柱脚弯曲破坏;为使预制柱与现浇柱的抗震性能相当,柱纵筋最小浆锚长度不宜小于 20d;轴压比一定时,对柱纵筋进行局部脱黏处理,可改善试件的延性及耗能能力。柱纵筋锚固长度一定时,随着轴压比的增加,试件的水平极限承载力及刚度均增大。     

污水处理PPP项目设置保底量分析

本文首先对污水处理保底量概念和相关政策进行论述,然后详细分析污水处理项目设置保底量的理由,最后提出保底量计算原则及相关处理建议,以便污水处理PPP项目顺利推进。     

淮河干流生态流量问题分析及保障措施

生态流量对维系河流生态功能具有重要意义。本文通过计算淮河干流重要控制断面生态流量满足状况的基础上,分析淮河干流生态流量存在的问题,从建立生态流量监测系统、完善生态流量泄放设施、制定生态流量调度方案、严格河道外用水管控、加强机制建设等方面提出淮河干流生态流量保障措施,为淮河流域制定生态流量保障对策提供建议。     

Does underweight amplify the relationship between short-term particulate matter exposure and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a large cross-sectional study in a metropolis of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Overweight/obesity modified the effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure on blood pressure (BP). This study aims to assess whether...     

悬索桥主缆索寿命期内可靠度指标确定方法∗

以某工程为背景,应用Midas civil并基于主缆面积、弹性模量和极限强度的时变模型对主缆进行腐蚀模拟,其后,在车辆疲劳荷载作用下得到疲劳应力幅,并对Manson-Coffin公式进行修正得到主缆在寿命期内的S-N曲线,由此估算出主缆关键位置在寿命期内的疲劳寿命,利用Matlab编制主缆关键位置在寿命期内的失效概率和可靠度指标计算程序。研究表明:除锚固和索塔位置外,主缆其它位置应力均呈对称分布;在寿命期为100年时,索塔位置疲劳应力幅变化量最大,锚固位置疲劳寿命最低且可靠度指标退化最快;主缆可靠度指标与使用年限、当地环境、主缆长度以及基准长度存在一定关系,最终给出了悬索桥主缆索在腐蚀条件下的可靠度指标计算公式。     

Contributions of biogenic volatile organic compounds to the formation of secondary organic aerosols over Mt. Tai,Central East China

To better understand the contribution of biogenic volatile organic compounds to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in high mountain regions, ambient aerosols were collected at the summit of Mt. Tai (1534 m, a.s.l.), Central East China (CEC) during the Mount Tai Experiment 2006 campaign (MTX2006) in early summer. Biogenic SOA tracers for the oxidation of isoprene, α/β-pinene, and β-caryophyllene were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Most of the biogenic SOA tracers did not show clear diurnal variations, suggesting that they are formed during long-range atmospheric transport or over relatively long time scales. Although isoprene- and α/β-pinene-derived SOA tracers did not correlate with levoglucosan (a biomass burning tracer), β-caryophyllinic acid showed a good correlation with levoglucosan, indicating that crop residue burning may be a source for this acid. Total concentrations of isoprene oxidation products are much higher than those of α/β-pinene and β-caryophyllene oxidation products. The averaged ratio of isoprene to α/β-pinene oxidation products (R_iso/pine) was 4.9 and 6.7 for the daytime and nighttime samples, respectively. These values are among the highest in the aerosols reported in different geographical regions, which may be due to the large isoprene fluxes and relatively high levels of oxidants such as OH in CEC. Using a tracer-based method, we estimated the concentrations of secondary organic carbon (SOC) derived from isoprene, α/β-pinene, and β-caryophyllene to be 0.42–3.1 μgC m^?3 (average 1.6 μgC m^?3) during the daytime and 0.11–4.2 μgC m^?3 (1.7 μgC m^?3) during the nighttime. These values correspond to 2.9–23% (10%) and 3.2–28% (9.8%) of the total OC concentrations, in which isoprene-derived SOC accounts for 58% and 63% of total SOC during the daytime and nighttime, respectively. This study suggests that isoprene is a more significant precursor for biogenic SOA than α/β-pinene and β-caryophyllene at high altitudes in CEC.