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681.
Huijuan Li Duo Bu Yan Gao Nali Zhu Jing Wu Xiangfeng Chen Jianjie Fu Yawei Wang Aiqian Zhang Guibin Jiang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(1):275-280
Pristine alpine regions are ideal regions for investigating the long-range atmospheric transport and cold trapping effects of short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs). The concentrations and alpine condensation of SCCPs were investigated in lichen samples collected from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The concentrations of SCCPs ranged from 3098 to 6999 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and appeared to have an increasing trend with altitude. For congeners, C10 dominated among all the congener groups. The different environmental behavior for different congener groups was closely related to their octanol-air partition coefficient (Koa). C10 congeners showed an increasing trend with altitude, whereas C13 congeners were negatively correlated with altitude. Volumetric bioconcentration factors (BCF) of SCCPs reached 8.71 in lichens, which were higher than other semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). These results suggested that SCCPs were prone to accumulate in the lichen from the air and provided evidence for the role of lichens as a suitable atmospheric indicator in the Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
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Temporal and spatial changes of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in a shallow lake, Lake Chaohu, China, were investigated using monthly monitoring data from 2001 through 2011. The results showed that the annual mean concentration ranges of TN, TP, and Chl-a were 0.08-14.60 mg/L, 0.02-1.08 mg/L, and 0.10-465.90 μg/L, respectively. Our data showed that Lake Chaohu was highly eutrophic and that water quality showed no substantial improvement during 2001 through 2011. The mean concentrations of TP, TN and Chl-a in the western lake were significantly higher than in the eastern lake, which indicates a spatial distribution of the three water parameters. The annual mean ratio of TN:TP by weight ranged from 10 to 20, indicating that phosphorus was the limiting nutrient in this lake. A similar seasonality variation for TP and Chl-a was observed. Riverine TP and NH4+ loading from eight major tributaries were in the range of 1.56×104-5.47×104 and 0.19×104-0.51×104 tons/yr over 2002-2011, respectively, and exceeded the water environmental capability of the two nutrients in the lake by a factor of 3-6. Thus reduction of nutrient loading in the sub-watershed and tributaries would be essential for the restoration of Lake Chaohu. 相似文献
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本文通过对辽东湾北部和东、西两侧滨海地区108个地下水井的监测数据进行分析,得出:(1)辽东湾海水入侵严重地区主要分布在辽东湾北部淤泥质海岸,其分布特点是严重海水入侵区、轻度海水入侵区由岸向陆呈带状分布;东西两侧以砂砾质海岸为主,局部地区海水入侵较重,大部分地区海水入侵较轻;(2)辽东湾地下水化学类型可分为五种类型,其分布特点是由岸向陆呈带状分布,规律明显,反映了海水入侵分布特征。氯化物型一般分布在微咸水至咸水区,重碳酸盐氯化物型或氯化物重碳酸盐型、重碳酸盐氯化物硫酸盐型或氯化物重碳酸盐硫酸盐型分布在微咸水向淡水过渡区,硫酸盐重碳酸盐型或重碳酸盐硫酸盐型、重碳酸盐型主要分布在淡水区。 相似文献
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Chengzhi Xing Cheng Liu Qihou Hu Qingyan Fu Shanshan Wang Hua Lin Yizhi Zhu Shuntian Wang Weiwei Wang Zeeshan Jave Xiangguang Ji Jianguo Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(7):44-55
Ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations were operated from 02 to 21 December 2018 in Leshan, southwest China, to measure HONO, NO2 and aerosol extinction vertical distributions, and these were the first MAX-DOAS measurement results in Sichuan Basin. During the measurement period, characteristic ranges for surface concentration were found to be 0.26–4.58 km?1 and averaged at 0.93 km?1 for aerosol extinction, 0.49 to 35.2 ppb and averaged at 4.57 ppb for NO2 and 0.03 to 7.38 ppb and averaged at 1.05 ppb for HONO. Moreover, vertical profiles of aerosol, NO2 and HONO were retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurements using the Heidelberg Profile (HEIPRO) algorithm. By analysing the vertical gradients of pollutants and meteorological information, we found that aerosol and HONO are strongly localised, while NO2 is mainly transmitted from the north direction (city center direction). Nitrogen oxides such as HONO and NO2 are important for the production of hydroxyl radical (OH) and oxidative capacity in the troposphere. In this study, the averaged value of OH production rate from HONO is about 0.63 ppb/hr and maximum value of ratio between OH production from HONO and from (HONO+O3) is > 93% before12:00 in Leshan. In addition, combustion emission contributes to 26% for the source of HONO in Leshan, and we found that more NO2 being converted to HONO under the conditions with high aerosol extinction coefficient and high relative humidity is also a dominant factor for the secondary produce of HONO. 相似文献
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论矿区土壤环境问题 总被引:22,自引:2,他引:22
我国矿山生态环境破坏和环境污染十分严重。文章论述了矿区土壤环境问题的相关概念及相关问题,指出矿区土壤环境问题包括矿区生态破坏和矿区环境污染。分析了矿区土壤环境问题的影响因素识别以及调查研究主要性状识别等普遍性问题。分析了矿区生态修复问题的复杂性,即有的属于典型的土壤环境学科问题,有的属于相关学科问题引发的土壤环境问题要求矿区生态修复研究的多学科交叉与融合。建议淡化矿区复垦土壤的学科问题,强化矿区复垦土壤的科学问题,集成不同学科的修复技术,从源头上控制矿区土壤污染,将有利于我国不同类型矿区土壤环境问题的诊断,以及矿区复垦土壤生产功能、环境功能和生态功能的恢复对策的正确选择。 相似文献