Lipophilic organic pollutants induce changes in phospholipid and membrane protein composition leading to Vero cell morphological change

Membrane damage related to morphological change in Vero cells is a sensitive index of the composite biotoxicity of trace lipophilic chemicals. However, judging whether the morphological change in Vero cells happens and its ratio are difficult because it is not a quantitative characteristic. To find biomarkers of cell morphological change for quantitatively representing the ratio of morphological changed cell, the mechanism of cell membrane damage driven by typical lipophilic chemicals, such as trichlorophenol (TCP) and perfluorooctanesulphonate (PFOS), was explored. The ratio of morphologically changed cells generally increased with increased TCP or PFOS concentrations, and the level of four major components of phospholipids varied with concentrations of TCP or PFOS, but only the ratio of phosphatidylcholine (PC)/phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) decreased regularly as TCP or PFOS concentrations increased. Analysis of membrane proteins showed that the level of vimentin in normal cell membranes is high, while it decreases or vanishes after TCP exposure. These variations in phospholipid and membrane protein components may result in membrane leakage and variation in rigid structure, which leads to changes in cell morphology. Therefore, the ratio of PC/PE and amount of vimentin may be potential biomarkers for representing the ratio of morphological changed Vero cell introduced by trace lipophilic compounds, thus their composite bio-toxicity.     

适应信息化发展要求,努力实现PPE标准制修订科学化和正规化管理——PPE标准化技术委员会标准全程控制系统介绍

PPE标准化技术委员会标准全程控制系统是基于互联网的PPE信息管理系统平台。该系统采用便捷的B/S架构,利用先进的计算机信息技术,将标准制修订的全过程集成到一个系统中,使标准的制修订流程实现了全程自动化管理,极大地方便了标准制修订各个环节的工作,提高了PPE标准化工作的管理水平,促进了整个行业信息化的发展,确保了国家标准计划按期高水平的完成。     

Evaluation of Locations for Small Wind Turbines in Costal Urban Areas Based on a Wind Energy Potential Map

The purpose of the study was to evaluate potential locations for the installation of small wind turbines in urban areas. Four study sites in An-Ping, Tainan were chosen for measurement in this empirical study. The measurement data were used to verify the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The weather information was gathered in order to understand the overall wind environment in the studied area. CFD software was used to simulate the wind environment in the study area from 16 directions. The distribution of wind environment was first presented, and then the distribution of exceedance probability in each grid, which was based on an exceedance probability assessment, was obtained. In addition to the installation heights of the turbines, the influence of surrounding buildings was taken into consideration. Finally, a wind energy potential map indicating the potential regions and non-potential regions for installing small wind turbines was illustrated by the ArcGIS system. A wind energy potential map, superimposed with locations of buildings of different floor heights, was used to evaluate the possible sites for the installment of small wind turbines at heights of 10, 20, and 30 m. The results proved that installing micro wind turbines in open spaces and on the roofs of three-, four-, and five-story buildings at a height of 20 m is relatively beneficial for coastal urban areas.     

Degradation of Ni–EDTA complex by Fenton reaction and ultrasonic treatment for the removal of Ni<Superscript>2+</Superscript> ions

It is difficult to meet the increasingly stringent environmental regulations by the application of conventional precipitation processes treating complex heavy metal wastewaters. We studied the potential of a new method for removing heavy metals from metal–EDTA wastewater by Fenton reaction followed by hydroxide precipitation. This process is referred to as Fenton reaction-hydroxide precipitation (FR-HP) process. This study investigated the use of FR-HP and ultrasonic/FR-HP processes for the removal of Ni(II) from Ni–EDTA wastewater. The results indicate that ultrasonic/FR-HP process is more effective for the removal of nickel ions than FR-HP process.     

Investigation of migration rule of rainwater for sponge city roads under different rainfall intensities

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Urban development and climate change have led to severe waterlogging in cities. To study the degree of mitigation of urban waterlogging using the design of...     

Bimetallic atomic site catalysts for CO2 reduction reactions: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Carbon neutral becomes one of the most important environmental goals due to the excessive emission of CO2. The reduction of CO2 into valuable chemicals or fuels is...     

面向化学品风险预测的计算毒理学软件比较研究

化学品风险评价是进行化学品环境管理和污染防治的前提,其关键在于化学品环境暴露和危害性数据的获取。仅采用实验测试获取相关数据的效率较低、成本高,难以满足数以万计的化学品风险评价的需求。以定量构效关系(QSAR)模型为代表的计算毒理学技术,可实现化学品环境暴露与危害性参数的高通量预测,是填补相关数据缺失的重要方法。近年来,计算毒理学领域发展了一批面向化学品环境暴露和危害性参数预测的软件工具,集成了数据和模型资源,在化学品管理活动中发挥了重要作用。本研究共搜集了国内外25款计算毒理学软件,通过文献资料调研和软件试用,从开发背景、预测终点、预测方法、功能与信息完整度和内嵌模型预测性能等方面对软件进行分析比较。分析表明,化学品管理法规支持、多方合作和数据共享,是计算毒理学软件开发的重要基础条件。现有计算毒理学软件在预测终点覆盖度、预测结果可靠性、软件实用性和可拓展性方面仍有提升空间。未来相关软件的开发需要结合深度学习等先进建模技术,增强软件的预测性能并扩大其应用范围,使之成为化学品风险综合评价和决策分析的实用工具。     

Goethite and lepidocrocite catalyzing different double-oxidant systems to degrade chlorophenol

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Goethite and lepidocrocite, as the main compositions of pipe deposits in the water distribution network, could be used as a catalyst for advanced...     

The veterinary antibiotic oxytetracycline and Cu influence functional diversity of the soil microbial community

There are increasing concerns over the effects of veterinary antibiotics and heavy metals in agricultural soils. The widely used veterinary antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC), Cu and their combination on soil microbial community function were assessed with the Biolog method. The microbial community was extracted from the soil and exposed to a 0.85% sodium chloride solution containing OTC (0, 1, 5, 11, 43, 109 and 217 microM), or Cu (0, 10, 20, 100 and 300 microM), or combination of the two pollutants (OTC 0, 5, 11 microM and Cu 0, 20 microM). Functional diversity, evenness, average well color development (AWCD) and substrate utilization decreased significantly with increasing concentrations of OTC or Cu (p < 0.005). The critical concentrations were 11 microM for OTC and 20 microM for Cu. The combination of OTC and Cu significantly decreased Shannon's diversity, evenness and utilization of carbohydrates and carboxylic acids compared to individual one of the contaminants. The antibiotic OTC and Cu had significant negative effects on soil microbial community function, particularly when both pollutants were present.     

江苏省农业比较优势格局及与周边省市比较分析

:将江苏省置于长江中下游种植区内 ,运用国内资源成本系数DRCC(DomesticResourcesCostCoefficient)和RDRCC(RatioDomesticResourcescostCoefficients)指标考察了江苏省与周边省市 (包括上海、安徽、浙江、江西、湖北和湖南 )农业生产比较优势的差异 ,从而全面地认识了相对于长江中下游种植区六省市江苏省农业生产的比较优势格局。根据分析 ,与周边地区相比 ,江苏省秋收作物粳稻、大豆 ,夏收作物油菜籽、棉花和早籼稻 ,常年生作物茶叶生产都具有不同程度的相对比较优势 ,可考虑通过适当的政策将资源导向这些产品的生产上 ;同时重点压缩小麦、中籼稻、玉米、花生、烤烟等不具相对比较优势产品的生产。此外 ,江苏桑蚕茧可考虑稳定现有的生产 ,而苹果生产可适当调减。主要饲养业产品中 ,蛋鸡、肉鸡和淡水鱼具有相对比较优势 ,其饲养总量可以考虑进一步扩大 ,相反 ,生猪和菜羊不具相对比较优势 ,饲养规模应适当压缩。而江苏奶牛饲养总规模可考虑稳定 ,并适当扩大国营集体饲养的规模