煤矿主提胶带运输系统远程自动化集中控制的工程实践

从煤矿生产作业环境的安全性出发,结合机械化、自动化技术的发展趋势,提出煤矿主提胶带运输系统远程自动化集中控制的技术方案,并以成功实例验证了方案的可操作性,节能效果显著。     

生活污水的厌氧生物处理研究进展

生活污水处理是中国面临急待解决的环境问题。分析厌氧反应器的分类与特点及去污机理,与其它污水处理技术比较,总结出生活污水采用厌氧生物法处理具有投资少、运行费用低、出水水质好、操作简单等优点。对厌氧反应器在生活污水处理的应用前景进行了展望。     

煤矿酸性矿井水的形成及主要处理技术

酸性矿井水是煤矿区环境地质灾害的一种重要类型。煤矿酸性矿井水是煤矿开采中由于硫铁矿与空气、水接触,在微生物作用下经过一系列地球化学反应产生的一种危害矿井生产、破坏生态环境的有害矿井排水。文章首先分析了酸性矿井水的形成机理,然后从酸性矿井水的危害入手,分析评价酸性矿井水各种处理方法的优缺点,并对酸性矿井水的处理技术进行总结,最后展望酸性矿井水处理的未来发展方向。     

长三角地区经济发展水平与居民生活质量耦合协调性研究

在借鉴耦合理论中容量耦合概念及框架的基础上,构建经济发展与居民生活的耦合指标体系,引入耦合度函数与耦合协调度函数,分别对2003～2010年长三角16个地级市单元经济发展与居民生活两个子系统的耦合协调关系进行研究。结果表明：（1）从耦合协调程度上看,长三角地区各个城市在2003～2010年这8 a中都保持相对稳定,但上海市最高,为类型Ⅱ,其次为苏州和杭州,为类型Ⅲ,苏南地区和浙江舟山、湖州最低,为类型Ⅴ;〖JP2〗（2）从经济发展和居民生活质量提升的先后顺序上看,长三角地区主要体现为类型B和类型C,反映出各个城市所重视的方向不同,如杭州市为类型B,更加注重居民生活质量的提高,苏州市为类型C,注重经济和居民生活质量同步发展     

Environmental and resource sustainability of Chinese cities: A review of issues,policies, practices and effects

This paper synthesizes the English literature on current issues, policies and practices, and their effects on environmental and resource sustainability in China's ongoing urbanization. Aspects of urban sustainability reviewed include air, water, solid waste, energy efficiency, transportation and land use. It shows that Chinese cities have been and probably will continue to be struggling with issues such as air pollution, scarcity of clean water, solid waste and greenhouse gas emissions. But there are many opportunities for improvement. It suggests shortages of existing policies and major gaps in knowledge and practice, which can be helpful to policy makers, planners and researchers in China and other developing countries.     

The influence of the operational environment on the efficiency of water utilities

Adjusting for the operational environment in studies of performance measurement is very important, otherwise the analysis may lead to unrealistic scores, especially when its influence on costs is high, such as in the water utilities. In this paper, we study the influence of exogenous variables on the water utilities performance by applying conditional efficiency measures based on the order-m method and its probabilistic formulation. We use a sample of 66 water utilities operating between 2002 and 2008, representing about 70% of the Portuguese population. Our research suggests that inefficiency of Portuguese water utilities is substantial for some utilities: several exogenous variables might influence it considerably. For example, regulation has a positive influence on efficiency but when drinking water supply and wastewater services are provided by the same utility or when the wholesale and retail activities are provided together, the performance is lower. The effect of ownership is inconclusive and the variables residential customers, water source, peak factor, and density of customers have a mixed influence on performance which varies according to their scores.     

基于熵技术的尾矿库安全模糊综合评价体系研究

在以往对尾矿库安全评价时,常常只对尾矿库的地质情况、坝体结构、防洪能力和坝体稳定性等进行安全度计算,然后评价尾矿库安全性,但都未能全面综合地判定尾矿库的安全运行状况。针对尾矿库安全评价具有定性指标多、定量指标少、评价主观性过强、客观性偏弱等特点,建立涵盖坝体稳定性、排洪安全性、输送及排放安全性、监测可靠性、管理全面性为一级指标的尾矿库安全现状评价指标体系。利用信息论中熵的概念计算客观权重的方法,避免人为主观的影响,提出尾矿库安全模糊综合评价模型。应用该模型对陕西省某尾矿库的安全现状进行评价,根据评价结果并结合评价指标的权重探索尾矿库存在的安全隐患,为进一步整改提供理论依据,具有一定的使用价值。     

改造现有工艺回收地面计量天然气

为解决牙哈作业区A区块3口井在见水后含水上升较快、单井产液量增加、现有装置处理能力不足,导致A区块所有生产井不能全部进站的问题,同时为提高最终采收率,需要延长见水时间,见水后控制含水的上升趋势。这就要求掌握含水井的生产动态,而现有装置无法对单井的含水进行计量,塔里木油田公司牙哈作业区A区块建造集中试采装置,文章介绍了改造前后的工艺流程及改造效果。     

一株耐铜不动杆菌USTB-F的富集特性

采用浓度梯度筛选的方法,从铜污染土壤中分离筛选到一株耐受铜的菌株USTB-F,最高耐受浓度为560mg·L-1.通过生理生化实验和16SrDNA序列分析鉴定属于不动杆菌属,命名为Acinetobacter sp.USTB-F.用单因素方法得到USTB-F的最适生长条件为:T=30℃;pH=6.0;NaCl浓度为0.3%...     

T-2毒素的毒性效应及致毒机制研究进展

T-2毒素是由多种镰刀菌产生的单端孢霉烯族化合物中毒性较强的一种毒素,广泛存在于谷物和谷类食品中.经食物连续摄入T-2毒素会对人类和动物的健康造成潜在危害.目前,T-2毒素对人和动物健康的影响受到了社会的广泛关注,已成为毒理学领域研究的热点课题之一.在综述了T-2毒素的生物转化、代谢途径及其毒理学效应与机制基础上,对现...