地质因素对煤层瓦斯赋存影响的研究

为研究地质因素对煤层瓦斯赋存的影响,针对淮北矿区石台煤矿3煤层,采用瓦斯地质块段划分的方法,以井田内主要断层和天然焦区为界,把3煤层划分为3个独立的地质块段,分区对不同地质块段内地质因素对煤层瓦斯赋存规律进行研究,分析褶皱构造、断裂构造及岩浆侵蚀等对煤层瓦斯压力和瓦斯涌出量的影响。结果表明:地质构造对瓦斯保存和运移起到重要作用,岩浆岩侵入对石台煤矿3煤层煤与瓦斯突出的控制作用最为明显,地质块段的划分(分区管理)对地质构造复杂的高瓦斯及煤与瓦斯突出矿井具有重要意义。     

双酚AF诱导乳腺癌细胞增殖的分子机制

从细胞水平上研究不同浓度双酚AF （BPAF）对MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞系的细胞增殖能力、细胞凋亡、细胞周期等终点的影响;以新型雌激素膜受体GPER1介导的PI3K/Akt和ERK1/2信号通路为靶点,研究低浓度BPAF对该信号通路相关基因表达的影响,以及其在诱导乳腺癌细胞增殖中的作用,评估其增殖效应机制.结果表明,低浓度BPAF （0.001~1μmol/L）能够诱导MCF-7细胞的增殖,使S期细胞比例升高,并且激活雌激素信号通路相关基因mRNA的表达;在较高浓度时（>10μmol/L）能抑制细胞活力,诱导细胞凋亡.通过特异性靶点抑制剂发现GPER1在mRNA层面上激活了PI3K/Akt和ERK1/2信号通路,并且该信号通路的激活可能是BPAF引起MCF-7细胞增殖的关键机制,并且ERα也在其中起到了重要的作用.     

环境监测全程序质量保证浅谈

简述了从人的意识与能力的培训到布点、采样、仪器调试、实验室质量控制、数据处理等环境监测全程序质量保证的必要性，指出了空白值测定、密码平行样、加标回收率、标准质控样等质控措施的重要性和注意事项以及审核数据时进行纵向、横向比较的方法及其重要性。     

绍兴茶园小流域的3种农药生态风险评价

虫螨腈、联苯菊酯和溴氰菊酯是茶叶生产中较为常见的3种杀虫剂,但其对茶园小流域内生态环境影响的相关研究较少。为评价其生态风险,选取我国浙江绍兴茶园小流域内主要溪流及湖库采集水体样品,采用气相色谱-质谱法对样品中3种农药进行残留检测;基于美国生态毒理数据库(ECOTOX)收集了3种农药对我国常见水生生物的毒性数据,利用BITSSD软件平台构建了物种敏感度分布(species sensitivity distribution, SSD)曲线,结合研究区实测数据开展3种农药对绍兴茶园小流域的生态风险评价研究。结果表明：(1)无脊椎动物和节肢动物对3种农药的敏感度高于鱼类,营养级越高其敏感度越低;(2)根据SSD模拟结果,为保护该流域95%的物种,联苯菊酯和溴氰菊酯浓度需<0.001μg·L^(-1),虫螨腈为0.4μg·L(-1),虫螨腈为0.4μg·L^(-1);(3)农药喷施后,虫螨腈、溴氰菊酯和联苯菊酯在茶园溪流中的残留浓度最高分别影响22%、50%和66%的物种,联苯菊酯是生态风险的主要贡献者,但在喷施1个月后,茶园流域水溪及河湖水环境中的农药残留基本均未检出。这说明3种农药施用对茶园小流域物种的影响较小,所带来的生态风险尚在可控范围之内。     

The effects of air pollution on the lung cancer mortality in rural areas of eastern China: a multi-region study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Recently, the burden of lung cancer (LC) has attracted global attention. Meanwhile, LC has become the leading cause of death in China. Many studies...     

Inactivation of E. coli and Streptococcus agalactiae by UV/persulfate during marine aquaculture disinfection

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sulfate radical (?SO4?)–based advanced oxidation processes have attracted a great deal of attention for use in water disinfection...     

新型甲醛捕获剂的合成及其捕获性能研究

游离甲醛是室内空气中最主要的污染物之一,对人体造成的危害越来越受到关注.因此,研制新型甲醛捕获剂及其捕获性能具有重要的实际意义.采用亲水性单体丙烯酰胺和亲油性单体苯乙烯为反应物,以氧化还原引发剂,经霍夫曼降解反应合成了含氨基的两亲性共聚物.通过单因素实验考察了不同原料比、引发剂剂量时所合成的产物对人造板游离甲醛捕获率的影响,然后根据单因素实验的结果设计正交试验以优化合成条件.结果表明:苯乙烯单体和丙烯酰胺单体的摩尔比为1:3,引发剂与单体摩尔比为9%,丙烯酰胺单体和NaClO的摩尔比为1:1.2时产品捕获率最好,可达60.40%.实验合成的两亲性共聚物在常温下不挥发,相对稳定而且捕获效果较好,是一种理想的新型甲醛捕获剂.     

皖南茶园食虫脊椎动物调查

2006年4月至2007年9月对皖南茶园食虫脊椎动物进行了调查,共记录食虫脊椎动物26科54种。两栖纲的中华蟾蜍、泽蛙,雀形目的大山雀、家燕、白头鹎、棕头鸦雀、暗绿绣眼鸟、等鸟类,翼手目的折翼蝠、鲁氏菊头蝠和小伏翼为茶园害虫的主要天敌,它们各自从不同时空上控制着茶园害虫的发生。     

Aging activity of DDE in dissimilar rice soils in a greenhouse experiment

A green-house study was conducted in late 2005 to investigate the aging behavior of p,p'-DDE in two types of soil, Hydragric Anthrosols (An) and Hydragric Acrisols (Ac), according to the World Reference Base (WRB) [FAO/ISRIC/ISSS. 1998. World reference base for soil resources. World soil resources reports, Rome. p. 87]. Paddy rice and dry rice were grown in submerged paddy soils and non-submerged upland soils, respectively. The concentration of extractable p,p'-DDE in fresh DDE-spiked soils was 746.2ngg(-1). During the first few weeks of the experiment, the extractability of p,p'-DDE became increasingly low as the aging period prolonged. However, certain amount of p,p'-DDE that had been captured by soil minerals and organic matter (OM) could be released and became extractable in the later period. The extractability of p,p'-DDE in submerged soils was significantly lower than that in non-submerged soil, because flooding could increase the binding of pollutants to soil particles. The plantation of both dry rice and paddy rice slowed down the aging process of p,p'-DDE. After one month's growth of rice, p,p'-DDE bound to soil particles was released and became extractable. The OM and silt content of An are higher than that of Ac, resulting in more bound residues and relative lower extractability of p,p'-DDE in An. In addition, the extractability of p,p'-DDE could be reduced by the addition of rice straw to soils.     

云南突发灾害现场应急气象服务体系的构建

近年来极端天气、气候事件频发,影响日趋广泛,为制定防灾、减灾、抗灾决策,更好地保护人民生命财产安全,迫切需要气象服务为地震、山洪泥石流等自然灾害现场提供更具针对性、准确性的基础保障.该文对2014年云南鲁旬6.5级地震现场应急气象保障服务过程回顾,总结应急现场气象服务的不足,分析应急现场气象服务的需求和特点,提出满足云...