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11.
Sarika Kulkarni Ajith P. Kaduwela Jeremy C. Avise John A. DaMassa Daniel Chau 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2014,64(10):1204-1213
With the promulgation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS or standard) for 8-hr ozone (O3), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued modeling guidance that advocated the use of results from photochemical air quality models in a relative sense. In doing so, the EPA provided guidance on how to calculate relative response factors (RRFs) that can project current design value (DV) mixing ratios into the future for the purpose of determining the attainment status with respect to the O3 standard. The RRFs recommended by the EPA represent the average response of the photochemical model over a broad range of O3 mixing ratios above a specified cutoff threshold. However, it is known that O3 response to emission reductions of limiting precursors (i.e., NOx and/or VOC) is greater on days with higher O3 mixing ratios compared to days with lower mixing ratios. In this study, we present a segmented RRF concept termed band-RRF, which takes into account the different model responses at different O3 mixing ratios. The new band-RRF concept is demonstrated in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) region of California for the 1-hr and 8-hr O3 standards. The 1-hr O3 analysis is relevant to work done in support of the SJV O3 State Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted to the EPA in 2013. The 8-hr example for the future year of 2019 is presented for illustrative purposes only. Further work will be conducted with attainment deadline of 2032 as part of upcoming SIPs for the 0.075 parts per million (ppm) 8-hr O3 standard. The applicability of the band-RRF concept to the particulate matter (PM2.5) standards is also discussed.
Implications:Results of photochemical models are used in regulatory applications in a relative sense using relative response factors (RRFs), which represent the impacts of emissions reductions over a wide range of ozone (O3) values. It is possible to extend the concept of RRFs to account for the fact that higher O3 mixing ratios (both 1-hr and 8-hr) respond more to emissions controls of limiting precursors than do lower O3 mixing ratios. We demonstrate this extended concept, termed band-RRF, for the 1-hr and 8-hr O3 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS or standard) in the San Joaquin Valley of California. This extension can also be made applicable to the 24-hr PM2.5 and annual PM2.5 standards. 相似文献
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Sarika Pitam Irani Mukherjee Aman Kumar 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(3):2807-2816
The acetamiprid, a nenicotinoid insecticide, is a popular crop protection agent used in fields as well as in protected cultivation. A laboratory experiment was conditions to study the effect of light, moisture, and pH on the persistence of acetamiprid in water and soil. Dissipation half-lives of acetamiprid in water at pH 4, 7, and 9 were 6.2, 7.3, and 5.1 days, respectively, and 4.3 days under UV and sunlight conditions. Half-life in soil at three concentrations, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 μg g?1 under different moisture regimes varied from 21.5–22.8, 15.6–22.4, 10.0–15.8 days, respectively, indicating that acetamiprid dissipated faster in submerged soil as compared to field capacity moisture and dry conditions. The leaching study showed that the possibility for leaching of acetamiprid to ground water is extremely low under normal condition of average rainfall due to compact nature soil in the field. Acetamiprid poses low risks to the ecosystem because of their rapid dissipation and low-bound residues in the environment. 相似文献
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Growth and yield response of marigold to potting media containing vermicompost produced from different wastes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Investigations were made to assay the influence of vermicomposts, prepared from (i) cow dung (CD) and (ii) sugar mill wastewater
treatment plant sludge spiked with horse dung, on the growth and productivity of marigold plants in pot culture experiments.
The soil was used as potting media, and vermicomposts were amended with it in 10, 20, 30 and 40% ratio. A total of nine different
potting media were prepared. The fertility status of soil and vermicomposts was quantified. There were significant differences
in the fertilizer quality of soil and both the vermicomposts. Maximum numbers of flowers was produced in the potting media
containing 30% of CD vermicompost and minimum was reported in control (soil without amendments). The diameter of biggest flower
was reported in the potting media containing 40% of sugar mill wastewater treatment plant sludge vermicompost. Results showed
that the addition of vermicompost, in appropriate quantities, to potting media has synergistic effects on growth and flowering
of plants including number of buds, number of flowers, plant shoot biomass, root biomass, plant height and diameter of flowers. 相似文献
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Chopade Rushikesh L. Pandit Pritam P. Nagar Varad Aseri Vinay Mavry Badal Sharma Anuj Singh Apoorva Verma Rohit Kumar Awasthi Garima Awasthi Kumud Kant Sankhla Mahipal Singh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(5):11199-11209
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The identification of harmful metal ions in aquatic environments is a global concern since these contaminants can have serious consequences for... 相似文献
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Sarika Pritam 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(1):13-19
The article presents the reduced use of toxicologically critical solvents for the extraction and clean-up of a neo-nicotinoid pesticide, acetamiprid from vegetables. Acetamiprid was extracted from spiked vegetable samples of cabbage by the use of different techniques like microwave-assisted extraction (MWAE), sonication and by the conventional method of homogenization. The study revealed that though higher percent recoveries of 78–92 were obtained in the blending method, solvent use was high as compared to MWAE. In MWAE, the percent recoveries recorded were in the range of 46–89 depending upon the solvent used and power employed. A mixture of methanol–water and methanol–acetone at 400 W power levels gave percent recoveries of 72 and 82, respectively, as compared to solvent mixtures, namely, acetone–hexane and acetone–hexane–water, which recorded recoveries of 49 and 67%. The study indicates that the choice of solvent and power employed plays a significant role in MWAE for enhanced recoveries. 相似文献
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Treatment of olive mill effluents Part II. Complete removal of solids by direct flocculation with poly-electrolytes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The pre-treatment of three different olive oil processing effluents by means of direct flocculation (i.e. without prior coagulation) was investigated. Four cationic and two anionic poly-electrolytes were tested and most of them were found capable of removing nearly completely total suspended solids (TSS) as well as reducing considerably the concentration of chemical (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD(5)) without altering solution pH. Flocculant dosage was crucial to achieve effective separation. For three cationic and one anionic poly-electrolytes, the minimum dosage required to initiate separation was about 2.5-3 g/L. The remaining two poly-electrolytes failed to cause separation even at dosages as high as 7 g/L. Lime and ferric chloride were also tested as reference coagulants and found quite effective in terms of TSS removal although the degree of COD reduction was generally lower than that with poly-electrolytes. However, lime treatment would require greater dosages and longer treatment times than that with poly-electrolytes and would also increase considerably solution pH. A preliminary cost analysis showed that lime treatment for complete solids removal was generally less costly than that with poly-electrolytes presumably due to its low market price. Nonetheless, cost-benefits may be defied by several drawbacks associated with the use of lime. 相似文献
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Verma Sarika Mili Medha Dhangar Manish Jagatheesan Krishnasamy Paul Sriparna Bajpai Harsh Vedanti Nimisha Mallik Jyotirmoy Khan Mohammed Akram Bhargaw Hari Narayan Hashmi Sayed Azhar Rasheed Srivastava Avanish Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):64929-64950
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The materials used in electrical and electronic applications have great importance and broader applications, but they have severe electromagnetic... 相似文献
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Das Pritam Velayudhan Parvathy Chandramohan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(46):69367-69387
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Solar chimney power plant (SCPP) is one of the promising technologies to convert solar energy into carbon-free power generation. It has cost... 相似文献