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21.
Cross-Boundary Coordination on Forested Landscapes: Investigating Alternatives for Implementation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Cross-boundary coordination is a tool for ecosystem management whereby landowners voluntarily coordinate management practices
toward economic and/or ecological landscape-scale outcomes (e.g., fiber, invasive species control, habitat). Past research
indicates that it may be particularly applicable on landscapes that include small forest landholdings. To explore alternatives
by which coordination might occur, we conducted seven focus groups with landowners (n = 51) who actively manage their forests in southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa. Focus group participants were presented
with three hypothetical alternatives to coordinate with their neighbors; landowners could self-organize, work with a natural
resource professional (i.e., forester), or work with an organization to complete a cross-boundary practice. In this article,
we focus on the latter two alternatives and the role of two social theories—principal-agent and cooperation—in explaining
landowners’ evaluations of these alternatives. Key findings are that (1) cross-boundary coordination has the potential to
alleviate problems between landowners and resource professionals inherent to their typical working relationship, and (2) social
relationships are a major factor contributing to landowners’ willingness to participate. We posit that cross-boundary coordination
offers a non-economic incentive for landowners to work together as it may reduce the uncertainty associated with hiring a
resource professional. At the same time, professionals can provide a bridging function among landowners who are unacquainted.
To achieve these outcomes and expand the adoption of cross-boundary coordination, we suggest four guidelines. First, foster
dialogue among landowners toward shared cognition and oversight. Second, match landowners’ practices and objectives such that
there are clear benefits to all. Third, develop relationships through low risk activities where possible. Fourth, do not expect
on-going commitments.
相似文献
Mark RickenbachEmail: |
22.
E. H. Schulte 《Marine Biology》1975,30(4):331-341
The filtration rates of Mytilus edilis (=galloprovincialis; 40 mm) were determined in relation to food concentration and temperature, using pure suspensions of the unicellular alga Platymonas suecica in concentrations ranging from 3x105 cells/l to 1.5x108 cells/l. The rate of filtration (ml/h/mussel) generally decreased as cell concentrations increased, and dropped to low values when concentrations above 5x107 cells/l were supplied. The amount of water swept clear varied continuously, and noticeable differences in the filtration activity of M. edulis were observed over short time intervals (5 min). Fluctuations of filtered volumes per unit time were greater with lower than with higher concentrations of algae. The influence of temperature on filtration activity was highest between 5°–15°C and 25°–30°C. A temperature increase from 15° to 25°C resulted in only a slight increase in filtration rate. At 5° and 30°C, filtration dropped to very low values, namely 350 and 100 ml/h, respectively. The temperature coefficients for the filtration rates of M. edulis were determined as: Q10 (5° to 15°C)=4.96; Q10 (10° to 20°C)=1.22. The amount of algae cells ingested per mussel per hour is directly related to food concentration. The maximum number of cells filtered/mussel/h in an algal suspension of 70x106 cells/l was 21.5x105 cells/h. Cell concentrations of up to 40x106 cells/l were swept clear without producing pseudofaeces. The critical cell density for M. edulis was reached at algal concentrations of 70 to 80x106 cells/l. Above these concentrations no normal filtration activity was observed. 相似文献
23.
Benjamin D. Trump Christy Foran Taylor Rycroft Matthew D. Wood Nirzwan Bandolin Mariana Cains Timothy Cary Fiona Crocker Nicholas A. Friedenberg Patrick Gurian Kerry Hamilton Jan Jeffrey Hoover Corey Meyer Kaytee Pokrzywinski Ryan Ritterson Paul Schulte Christopher Warner Edward Perkins Igor Linkov 《The Environmentalist》2018,38(4):517-527
Synthetic biology has the potential for a broad array of applications. However, realization of this potential is challenged by the paucity of relevant data for conventional risk assessment protocols, a limitation due to to the relative nascence of the field, as well as the poorly characterized and prioritized hazard, exposure, and dose–response considerations associated with the development and use of synthetic biology-derived organisms. Where quantitative risk assessment approaches are necessarily to fulfill regulatory requirements for review of products containing genetically modified organisms, this paper reviews one potential avenue for early-stage quantitative risk assessment for biosafety considerations of synthetic biology organism deployment into the environment. Building from discussion from a March 2018 US Army Engineer Research and Development Center workshop on developing such quantitative risk assessment for synthetic biology, this paper reviews the findings and discussion of workshop participants. This paper concludes that, while synthetic biology risk assessment and governance will continue to refine and develop in the coming years, a quantitative framework that builds from existing practice is one potentially beneficial option for risk assessors that must contend with the technology’s limited hazard characterization or exposure assessment considerations in the near term. 相似文献
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Stefanie KE Damme Hans-Toni Ratte Henner Hollert Anja Coors Thomas Knacker Klaus Rettinger Christoph Schulte Andreas Schäffer 《Environmental Sciences Europe》2011,23(1):1-4
This article reports on the second Young Environmental Scientists Meeting that was hosted from 28 February to 2 March 2011 by the Institute for Environmental Research at RWTH Aachen University, Germany. This extraordinary meeting was again initiated and organized by the Student Advisory Council under the umbrella of Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Europe. A movie about the meeting and the abstracts of poster and platform presentations are freely available as supplemental material of this article. 相似文献
26.
Andrew J. Craig Chris R. Rehmann Laura M. Alt Lisa A. Schulte Michelle L. Soupir 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2023,59(2):244-256
Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have shown promising results in reducing the downstream transport of many agroecosystem contaminants. A recently developed type of VFS, prairie strips, has been shown to significantly reduce the impact of corn and soybean production systems on water quality in terms of sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus losses. This study assessed potential additional benefits of prairie strips to include the reduction of pathogens. To assess the impact of prairie strips on manure-laden agricultural runoff, we utilized a physical model of prairie strips in a laboratory flume to conduct highly controlled overland flow experiments. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus concentration reductions of up to 45% and 65% were observed for runoff and infiltration flows, respectively, while mass load reductions of up to 65% were observed for surficial runoff flows. The degree of concentration or mass load reductions was dependent on the residence time of the flow within the strip and the partitioning of overland flow running onto the strip to infiltration and runoff flows. Based on our results and a review of the literature, we developed a design method to provide guidance on the width of prairie strip buffer needed to achieve a user-defined reduction of fecal bacteria concentration. 相似文献
27.
More than 30 years after it was first proposed as a biodiversity conservation strategy, rewilding remains a controversial concept. There is currently little agreement about what the goals of rewilding are, and how these are best achieved, limiting the utility of rewilding in mainstream conservation. Achieving consensus about rewilding requires agreeing about what “wild” means, but many different definitions exist, reflecting the diversity of values in conservation. There are three key debates that must be addressed to find a consensual definition of “wild”: (1) to which extent can people and “wild” nature co-exist?; (2) how much space does “wild” nature need? and (3) what kinds of “wild” nature do we value? Depending on the kinds of “wild” nature rewilding aims to create, rewilding policy will be faced with managing different opportunities and risks for biodiversity and people.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01560-8. 相似文献
28.
INTRODUCTION: The most effective means of preventing and controlling occupational injuries, illness, and fatalities is to "design out" hazards and hazardous exposures from the workplace. There is a long history of designing for safety for the general public and to a lesser degree for workers. METHOD: We now have the experience and insight from thoughtful, previous efforts to call for a comprehensive national strategy to implement a Prevention through Design (PtD) Initiative. RESULTS: This paper describes that initiative in terms of four overarching areas where action can be directed: practice, policy, research, and education. To obtain stakeholder input for issues in these four areas and to focus implementation efforts, eight sector divisions of the economy will be addressed. A seven year strategy is envisioned. 相似文献
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