深圳市在用柴油公交车排放研究

以公交车为例,利用OBS-2200和ELPI(electrical low pressure impactor)对深圳市重型柴油车(high-duty diesel vehicles,HDDVs)进行了3次在实际道路上的车载排放测试.根据测试数据计算了NOx和PM排放因子及百公里油耗,并分析了不同道路、不同工况对NOx...     

7种水生植物去除城市生活污水氮磷效果的研究

在对南方地区水生植物全面了解的基础上,选择凤眼莲、长鬃蓼、美人蕉、短叶茳芏、鸭趾草、空心莲子草和风车草7种南方地区最常见的水生植物作为研究对象,分别从7种水生植物对城市生活污水中NH3-N、TN和TP等污染的净化效果进行研究,结果表明,7种植物对生活污水中的NH3-N、TN和TP等污染成分都有一定的去除效果,其中凤眼莲...     

制备条件对不同玻璃材料负载TiO_2活性影响研究

以光催化降解苯酚为探针反应,通过正交实验,系统研究了胶液配比、涂覆次数和焙烧温度等条件对以溶胶-凝胶法分别在普通钠钙玻璃和磨砂玻璃上制备TiO2光催化性能的影响,并利用环境扫描电镜（ESEM）对TiO2催化膜形貌进行了分析。研究表明,在普通钠钙玻璃片上负载TiO2催化膜的影响因素主次顺序为：硝酸体积〉涂覆次数〉焙烧温度...     

大尺寸大孔径TiO2/SiO2光催化剂的制备及甲醛去除研究

以大孔径SiO2为载体,通过钛酸丁酯溶液的浸渍、原位水解以及高温煅烧制备出大尺寸、大孔径的TiO2/SiO2光催化剂。利用自制空气净化装置对室内甲醛的清除进行研究,分别考察了TiO2的百分含量、紫外光光强、温度、湿度和空气流量等不同条件下TiO2/SiO2光催化剂对除去甲醛效率的影响。结果表明,反应温度从10～50℃依...     

介质阻挡放电处理气态污染物的研究进展

介质阻挡放电（DBD）由于具有分解效率高、能耗低、占地少等特点而逐渐成为研究的热点。介绍了DBD的特点、降解气态污染物的机理及发展历程;阐述了DBD单独处理、DBD-催化、DBD-紫外光、DBD-臭氧、DBD-湿式洗涤协同处理技术在气态污染物处理方面的研究进展;分析了DBD处理气态污染物的影响因素,并提出了今后的研究方向。     

模拟轻质油和汽油的氧化脱硫技术研究进展

氧化脱硫技术是一种将有机硫化物转化成极性较强的物质,再通过萃取或吸附等将其分离除去的方法。以过氧化氢-有机酸氧化体系、过氧化氢-杂多酸氧化体系、过氧化氢-分子筛氧化体系、过氧化氢-光催化氧化体系、过氧化氢-相转移剂催化氧化体系、油溶性氧化体系、超声波、等离子体、臭氧等为例,对模拟轻质油和汽油氧化脱硫技术的研究进展进行了综述。     

Dacthal and chlorophenoxy herbicides and chlorothalonil fungicide in eggs of osprey (Pandion haliaetus) from the Duwamish-Lake Washington-Puget Sound area of Washington state, USA

Current-use chlorophenoxy herbicides including 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dicamba, triclopyr, dicamba, dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA or dacthal), and the metabolite of pyrethroids, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), and the fungicide, chlorothalonil, were investigated in the eggs of osprey (Pandion haliaetus) that were collected from 15 sites from five study areas Puget Sound/Seattle area of Washington State, USA. DCPA differs from acidic chlorophenoxy herbicides, and is not readily hydrolyzed to free acid or acid metabolites, and thus we developed a new method. Of the 12 chlorophenoxy herbicides and chlorothalonil analyzed only DCPA could be quantified at six of these sites (2.0 to 10.3 pg/g fresh weight). However, higher levels (6.9 to 85.5 pg/g fresh weight) of the unexpected DCPA structural isomer, dimethyl tetrachlorophthalate (diMe-TCP) were quantified in eggs from all sites. diMe-TCP concentrations tended to be higher in eggs from the Everett Harbor area. As diMe-TCP is not an industrial product, and not commercially available, the source of diMe-TCP is unclear. Regardless, these findings indicate that DCPA and diMe-TCP can be accumulated in the food chain of fish-eating osprey, and transferred in ovo to eggs, and thus may be of concern to the health of the developing chick and the general reproductive health of this osprey population.     

Photochemistry in the mixed aqueous solution of nitrobenzene and nitrous acid as initiated by the 355 nm UV light

The 355 nm photon-initiated microscopic reaction mechanisms of the mixed aqueous solution of nitrobenzene and nitrous acid in the presence or absence of O(2) were studied by the laser flash photolysis technique. The main transient absorption peaks in the recorded spectra were assigned and the growth/decay trends of several transient species were investigated. It was found that the OH radical formed from the photolysis of nitrous acid triggered most of the subsequent radical reactions. The rate constant of the reaction between OH radical and nitrobenzene was measured to be (3.4 +/- 0.1) x 10(9) l mol(-1) s(-1). The product from this reaction, namely C(6)H(5)NO(2)-OH adduct, was found to react with O(2) to yield C(6)H(5)NO(2)-OHO(2) adduct with a rate constant of (1.6 +/- 0.2) x 10(9) l mol(-1) s(-1). Final steady-state products were identified by GC/MS analysis and were in accordance with the transient spectroscopic results. The possible reaction pathways were proposed.     

气态CF3Br的光氧化反应

本文应用气相色谱。富里叶红外光谱和紫外,可见光谱等技术研究了２５３．７ｍｍ紫外光照射睛ＣＢＦ３Ｂｒ－Ｏ２体系听光化学反应过程。实验结果表明,当作为自由基捕促剂的Ｏ２足量时,ＣＦ３Ｂｒ的光解离呈一级反应,其反 速率常数２．６７＊１０＾－５ｓ＾１,ＣＦ３Ｂｒ的表观量子产额近似为１,主要的反应产物是ＣＦ２Ｏ,Ｂｒ２,在此基础上上讨论了ＣＦ３Ｂｒ光氧化反应的机理。