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581.
582.
官厅水库周边土壤重金属空间变异特征及风险分析 总被引:17,自引:3,他引:17
在官厅水库周边2~10 km范围内系统测定了8种重金属元素的含量,利用GIS技术和地统计分析方法,研究了重金属元素的空间变异特征及环境风险.结果表明,Cd是该区域主要的污染物,检测值(0.68±0.17) mg/kg相当于国家1级标准的3.4倍,40%的区域超过国家2级标准.土壤中7种重金属(Ni除外)的空间变异主要缘自于施肥、耕作及种植制度等人为活动引起的随机性因素,空间格局呈现西高东低,并呈洋河至怀来县区段污染最重的趋势.单因子污染指数和单因子生态危害系数Cd均显著高于其他重金属元素,复合污染指数呈库北高于库南,西部高于东部的空间趋势,复合生态风险指数南北向也有类似分布特征,东西向集中在怀来县、延庆县和中部北辛堡镇3个区域,说明高环境污染区将伴随高的生态风险,人口密集、工业化程度较高的城镇区域更容易引起生态危害. 相似文献
583.
Cyanobacteria, specifically Microcystis, usually form massive blooms in eutrophic freshwater lakes. Cyanobacterial samples were collected from eight sites of both Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu in late summer to determine the diversity and distribution pattern of cyanobacteria and Microcystis in large, shallow, entropic lakes with significant spatial heterogeneity and long-term Microcystis bloom. Molecular methods based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and clone library analysis were used. A similar heterogeneous distribution pattern of cyanobacteria in both lakes was observed. Most parts of these two lakes with high trophic level were dominated by Microcystis. However, in the regions with low trophic levels as well as low concentrations of chlorophyll a, Synechococcus occupied a considerable percentage. Different morphospecies and genotypes dominated the bloom-forming Microcystis populations in these two lakes. Microcystis viridis and Microcystis novacekii were dominant in Lake Chaohu, whereas Microcystis flos-aquae was dominant in Lake Taihu. Only 2 of the13 Microcystis operational taxonomic units were shared between these two lakes. Analysis of molecular variance based on 16S to 23S internal transcribed spacer sequences indicated the significant genetic differentiation of Microcystis between these two lakes (Fst = 0.19, p < 0.001). However, only 19.46% of the genetic variability was explained by the population variation between lakes, whereas most (80.54%) of the genetic variability occurred within the lakes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed no phylogeographic structure of Microcystis population in these two lakes, as illustrated by their cosmopolitan nature. Our results revealed that spatial heterogeneity within lakes has more impact on the cyanobacterial diversity than geographical isolation in a local scale. 相似文献
584.
碳源对铜绿微囊藻生理特性及微囊藻毒素产率的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为研究水体中不同碳源对铜绿微囊藻生理特性的影响,以Na2CO3与葡萄糖分别作为铜绿微囊藻生长的无机碳源与有机碳源,将铜绿微囊藻于光照下进行培养,并对其一系列的生理特性与微囊藻毒素产率进行检测。实验结果表明,同等碳浓度下,有机碳源更能促进铜绿微囊藻的生长,经过30 d的培养,铜绿微囊藻在有机碳源中的产量为187.55 g,比其在无机碳源中的产量提高了6.06%;微囊藻毒素在有机碳源中的产量为969.00μg/g,而在无机碳源中的产量却升高至1 193.60μg/g。参与藻毒素合成的3种氨基酸在无机碳源中的浓度要比有机碳源中的浓度高,但是其余几种氨基酸的含量与之情况相反。而有机碳源培养的铜绿微囊藻总可溶性蛋白含量为387.00μg/g,比无机碳源培养的铜绿微囊藻的蛋白含量提高了93.60%。 相似文献
585.
本文论述了国内外冷却服的发展现状,介绍了3种制冷技术路线,指出了其各自的关键技术,有利于人们对冷却服的发展趋势进一步的了解和认识. 相似文献
586.
Industrial symbiosis, a subfield of industrial ecology, focuses on transforming the waste of one firm into the valuable input of another, which improves the competitive advantages of supply chain by reducing production cost and improving environmental performance. Considering the specific situation where there are so many state-owned big company groups in China, this paper utilizes the ideas of constructing an industrial symbiosis among different firms, and does a case study on applying the concept into the inner relationships' reconstruction among different production systems in a big state-owned smeltery in South-west China. Three kinds of approaches are explored: 1) recycling and reusing the release; 2) concentrating and abstracting metals from the residues; 3) extending the product chain for value-added products. The results show that it can effectively improve the competitive advantage of the enterprise in terms of decreasing production cost and improving environmental performance. 相似文献
587.
苯酚和间甲酚的竞争吸附研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了水中苯酚和间甲酚在大孔树脂上的吸附,结果表明,IAS及LCA模型都能较好地反映这一吸附系统的竞争吸附规律。 相似文献
588.
Yuting Wei Xiao Tian Junbo Huang Zaihua Wang Bo Huang Jinxing Liu Jie Gao Danni Liang Haofei Yu Yinchang Feng Guoliang Shi 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(11):137
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590.