日照近岸海域春秋季浮游植物群落结构研究

本文根据2016年5月和11月日照近岸海域的浮游植物调查数据,分析了该海域浮游植物的群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系。研究海域共发现浮游植物78种,其中,硅藻门（Bacillariophyta）66种,甲藻门（Pyrrophyta）10种,金藻门（Chrysophyta）2种。主要优势种为夜光藻（Noctiluca scintillans）、细弱圆筛藻（Coscinodiscus subtilis）和密连角毛藻（Chaetoceros densus）。春、秋两季平均丰度分别为69.38×104 cells/m3、24.61×104 cells/m3;平均多样性指数为1.56、2.99;平均丰富度指数为2.21、4.00;平均均匀度指数为0.44、0.73。聚类分析表明,研究海域可划分为3个群落。BIOENV分析表明,与研究海域浮游植物群落相关性最密切的环境因子组合为水深、水温、油类、总悬浮物和Zn。Pearson相关分析表明,影响春季浮游植物丰度的环境因子为水深、水温、铵盐、总悬浮物和重金属（Cu、Zn、Hg）;影响秋季浮游植物丰度的环境因子为水深、pH、盐度、DO和铵盐。本研究可为深入研究该海域浮游植物群落结构和影响因子提供重要的基础数据。     

煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故的事故树分析与防治

瓦斯爆炸是煤矿生产中的重要灾害,一旦发生事故,会造成巨大的经济损失和人员伤亡.对瓦斯爆炸事故的原因进行了分析,并提出相应的预防措施.     

Adsorption characteristics of Cu and Ni on Irish peat moss

Peat has been widely used as a low cost adsorbent to remove a variety of materials including organic compounds and heavy metals from water. Various functional groups in lignin allow such compounds to bind on active sites of peat. The adsorption of Cu(2+) and Ni(2+) from aqueous solutions on Irish peat moss was studied both as a pure ion and from their binary mixtures under both equilibrium and dynamic conditions in the concentration range of 5-100mg/L. The pH of the solutions containing either Cu(2+) or Ni(2+) was varied over a range of 2-8. The adsorption of Cu(2+) and Ni(+2) on peat was found to be pH dependent. The adsorption data could be fitted to a two-site Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity of peat was determined to be 17.6 mg/g for Cu(2+) and 14.5mg/g for Ni(2+) at 298 K when the initial concentration for both Cu(2+) and Ni(2+) was 100mg/L, and the pH of the solution was 4.0 and 4.5, respectively. Column studies were conducted to generate breakthrough data for both pure component and binary mixtures of copper and nickel. Desorption experiments showed that 2mM EDTA solution could be used to remove all of the adsorbed copper and nickel from the bed.     

Improved bioavailability and biodegradation of a model polyaromatic hydrocarbon by a biosurfactant producing bacterium of marine origin

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic pollutants mostly derived from the processing and combustion of fossil fuels and cause human health hazards. In the present study a marine biosurfactant producing strain of Bacillus circulans was used to increase the bioavailability and consequent degradation of a model polyaromatic hydrocarbon, anthracene. Although the organism could not utilize anthracene as the sole carbon source, it showed better growth and biosurfactant production in an anthracene supplemented glycerol mineral salts medium (AGlyMSM) compared to a normal glycerol mineral salts medium (GlyMSM). The biosurfactant product showed high degree of emulsification of various hydrocarbons. Analysis by gas chromatography (GC), high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the biosurfactant could effectively entrap and solubilize PAH. Thin layer chromatographic analysis showed that anthracene was utilized as a carbon substrate for the production of biosurfactant. Thus organic pollutant anthracene was metabolized and converted to biosurfactants facilitating its own bioremediation.     

INCREASING WATER SUPPLY BY MIXING OF FRESH AND SALINE GROUND WATERS1

ABSTRACT: The quality of ground water in any aquifer takes its final form due to natural mixture of waters, which may originate from different sources. Water quality varies from one aquifer to another and even within the same aquifer itself. Different ground water quality is obtained from wells and is mixed in a common reservoir prior to any consumption. This artificial mixing enables an increase in available ground water of a desired quality for agricultural or residential purposes. The question remains as to what proportions of water from different wells should be mixed together to achieve a desired water quality for this artificial mixture. Two sets of laboratory experiments were carried out, namely, the addition of saline water to a fixed volume of fresh water. After each addition, the mixture volume and the electric conductivity value of the artificially mixed water were recorded. The experiments were carried out under the same laboratory temperature of 20°C. A standard curve was developed first experimentally and then confirmed theoretically. This curve is useful in determining either the volume or discharge ratio from two wells to achieve a predetermined electrical conductivity value of the artificial mixture. The application of the curve is given for two wells within the Quaternary deposits in the western part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.     

温度对蚯蚓生物滤池处理小城镇污泥效果影响

试验在9¹0,1410,14¹5,1815,18¹9,2419,24²5℃4个温度水平下进行,在蚯蚓生物滤池试验的同时进行了无蚯蚓对照试验,对蚯蚓生物滤池的蚯蚓与微生物的协同作用,以及对污泥的稳定性、污泥性状、污泥含有的微量元素的变化进行试验研究。结果表明在前3个温度水平下随着温度的升高,降解污泥有机质能力、总氮去除效果、硝化能力、聚磷效果方面蚯蚓生物滤池与无蚯蚓生物滤池都有明显提高,并且有蚯蚓的处理效果始终高于无蚯蚓的,但第4个温度水平下,无蚯蚓的处理效果与有蚯蚓的基本相同。     

折叠翼机构加载展开试验系统设计和仿真研究

设计了一种折叠翼加载展开试验装置,并进行了不同装药量时的加载展开试验,测试了展开时间。建立了折叠翼机构仿真模型,在试验数据的基础上,确定了模型的加力情况。仿真数据表明,加载汽缸引起的附加质量对展开时间影响较小,加载试验方法可行;弹翼加上模拟升力后,展开时间比不加模拟升力长20%左右,对展开时间影响显著。