Field crops (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. and Brassica chinensis L.) for phytoremediation of cadmium and nitrate co-contaminated soils via rotation with Sedum alfredii Hance

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Phytoremediation coupled with crop rotation (PCC) is a feasible strategy for remediation of contaminated soil without interrupting crop production....     

Microbial community composition and electricity generation in cattle manure slurry treatment using microbial fuel cells: effects of inoculum addition

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a sustainable technology to treat cattle manure slurry (CMS) for converting chemical energy to bioelectricity. In this...     

The evolution of pollution profile and health risk assessment for three groups SVOCs pollutants along with Beijiang River,China

Three important groups of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organic chlorinated pesticides (OCPs) and phthalate esters (PAEs), were produced by various human activities and entered the water body. In this study, the pollution profiles of three species including 16 PAHs, 20 OCPs and 15 PAEs in water along the Beijiang River, China were investigated. The concentrations of Σ₁₆PAHs in the dissolved and particulate phases were obtained as 69–1.5 × 10² ng L^?1 and 2.3 × 10³–8.6 × 10⁴ ng g^?1, respectively. The levels of Σ₂₀OCPs were 23–66 ng L^?1 (dissolved phase) and 19–1.7 × 10³ ng g^?1 (particulate phase). Nevertheless, higher levels of PAEs were found both in the dissolved and particulate phases due to abuse use of plastic products. Furthermore, non-cancer and cancer risks caused by these SVOCs through the ingestion absorption and dermal absorption were also assessed. There was no non-cancer risk existed through two kinds of exposure of them at current levels, whereas certain cancer risk existed through dermal absorption of PAHs in the particulate phase in some sampling sites. The results will show scientific insights into the evaluation of the status of combined pollution in river basins, and the determination of strategies for incident control and pollutant remediation.     

Effects of an iron-silicon material,a synthetic zeolite and an alkaline clay on vegetable uptake of As and Cd from a polluted agricultural soil and proposed remediation mechanisms

Economic and highly effective methods of in situ remediation of Cd and As polluted farmland in mining areas are urgently needed. Pot experiments with Brassica chinensis L. were carried out to determine the effects of three soil amendments [a novel iron-silicon material (ISM), a synthetic zeolite (SZ) and an alkaline clay (AC)] on vegetable uptake of As and Cd. SEM–EDS and XRD analyses were used to investigate the remediation mechanisms involved. Amendment with ISM significantly reduced the concentrations of As and Cd in edible parts of B. chinensis (by 84–94 % and 38–87 %, respectively), to levels that met food safety regulations and was much lower than those achieved by SZ and AC. ISM also significantly increased fresh biomass by 169–1412 % and 436–731 % in two consecutive growing seasons, while SZ and AC did not significantly affect vegetable growth. Correlation analysis suggested that it was the mitigating effects of ISM on soil acidity and on As and Cd toxicity, rather than nutrient amelioration, that contributed to the improvement in plant growth. SEM–EDS analysis showed that ISM contained far more Ca, Fe and Mn than did SZ or AC, and XRD analysis showed that in the ISM these elements were primarily in the form of silicates, oxides and phosphates that had high capacities for chemisorption of metal(loid)s. After incubation with solutions containing 800 mg L^?1 AsO₄ ^2? or Cd²⁺, ISM bound distinctly higher levels of As (6.18 % in relative mass percent by EDS analysis) and Cd (7.21 % in relative mass percent by EDS analysis) compared to SZ and AC. XRD analysis also showed that ISM facilitated the precipitation of Cd²⁺ as silicates, phosphates and hydroxides, and that arsenate combined with Fe, Al, Ca and Mg to form insoluble arsenate compounds. These precipitation mechanisms were much more active in ISM than in SZ or AC. Due to the greater pH elevation caused by the abundant calcium silicate, chemisorption and precipitation mechanisms in ISM treatments could be further enhanced. That heavy metal(loid)s fixation mechanisms of ISM ensure the remediation more irreversible and more resilient to environmental changes. With appropriate application rate and proper nutrients supplement, the readily available and economic ISM is a very promising amendment for safe crop production on multi-metal(loids) polluted soils.     

表面印迹聚合物吸附复杂基质中的土霉素

为了研究表面分子印迹聚合物对基质复杂的环境样品中的土霉素的吸附分离效果,以应用最为广泛的土霉素(OTC)为研究对象,利用甲基丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸甲酯为双功能单体、在二氧化硅基质上制备了表面分子印迹聚合物,并对其吸附鸡粪中的四环素类抗生素进行了研究。以聚合物的吸附容量和印迹因子为考核指标,对两种单体的投加比例和二氧化硅的用量进行了优化,确定其合成最佳条件:二氧化硅用量为15 mmol、单体总量一定时各物质的摩尔比为OTC∶MAA∶MMA∶EGDMA=0.08∶2.0∶2.0∶8.0。在此条件下合成的表面印迹聚合物对鸡粪基质中的OTC的最大吸附量可达到9.67 mg/g,印迹因子4.69,可见该表面印迹聚合物对复杂环境样品中的OTC也有良好的吸附性能和识别性能。     

Green and compatible industrial development in Western China

Western China has lagged a lot in terms of industrial structure and economic development,compared with the national average.And China announced its target of CO_2 emission reduction,i.e.by 2020,CO_2 emission per GDP will drop by40-45%compared with 2005.The target will be incorporated into China's long-term industrial planning.Against this background,this paper will make a comprehensive examination of the industrial development of Western China,aiming to discover a green and compatible way.First,we analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of regional industrial structure for the period 2000-2010.Second,we try to discover the industrial structure optimization path for Western China by employing the Vector Auto Regression model.Lastly,we try to provide some advice and suggestions for further industrial development in Western China.Our examination shows that further industrial development in Western China should pay full attention to resource conservation and recycling,and develop on a green and compatible path.     

肖四海不同渔业发展阶段的水环境特征分析

2006～2008年,对长江中游的一个浅水湖泊--肖四海进行了水质和水生植被研究,并结合历史资料分析了肖四海1987～2008年不同渔业发展阶段的水环境特征。研究结果表明：1987～2008年期间,该湖营养状况经历了中营养→富营养→中营养→富营养→中营养的变化过程,沉水植被经历了消亡→恢复→旺盛→衰退的演替过程,这种变化主要受不同阶段的渔业方式的影响。草食性鱼类和河蟹的过量放养、化肥的大量使用以及饵料的大量投放等不合理的渔业方式导致了水生植被的消亡和水体的富营养化,而合理的渔业方式不会对水体环境产生消极影响,并据此提出了长江中下游湖泊渔业可持续发展的建议     

茅草添加与温度变化对餐厨垃圾厌氧水解产酸的影响

比较了茅草添加在温度变化条件下对餐厨垃圾厌氧水解过程小分子有机酸产量的影响,提出一种新型餐厨垃圾的资源化方式。研究结果显示,餐厨垃圾在55℃条件下厌氧水解主要产物为乳酸,达到25．7g／L,其干物质转化率可以达到32．1％（gTS）,而餐厨＋茅草处理在同样条件下的乳酸产量为20．1g／L,干物质转化率为25．1％。温度下降为37℃后继续进行的的厌氧水解,得到的主要产物是乙酸、丙酸和丁酸,餐厨处理和餐厨＋茅草处理这两者的峰值分别为6．5、2．8、8．0和6．1g／L、2．7g／L和5．9g／L。结果显示茅草添加可以在一定程度上调节水解产物的比例,而温度变化可以调控小分子有机酸的产量。本研究结果表明,厌氧水解是一种有潜力的小分子有机酸生产与餐厨垃圾资源化处理途径。     

不同浓度养殖废水对青萍生长能力的影响

为了探讨废水浓度对青萍(Lemna minor)净化能力、生物质和能量积累能力的影响,以猪场养殖废水为供试废水,分析了在不同废水浓度下青萍对废水中总氮(TN)、氨氮和总磷(TP)的净化能力,青萍的生长情况,以及青萍中碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)元素含量和热值的变化情况。研究表明,青萍在1%浓度的废水中表现出最高的污染物净化能力。虽然青萍的C、N、P含量和热值均随废水浓度的增加而增加,但是由于相对增长率以1%的废水中生长的青萍最高,青萍的最高生产力、C和能量的固定能力均出现在1%废水浓度培养的青萍中,其次是5%废水浓度培养的青萍。多项式回归分析表明,可以使青萍获得最大C和能量固定能力的废水浓度为3.4%,对应的氨氮浓度为26 mg/L,TP浓度为3.4 mg/L。研究结果为进一步优化高生物质生产、高污染物去除率的养殖废水-浮萍培养体系提供了一定的基础。     

Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of lead-contaminated soil by complexing agents and approaching anodes

Optimizing process parameters that affect the remediation time and power consumption can improve the treatment efficiency of the electrokinetic remediation as well as determine the cost of a remediation action. Lab-scale electrokinetic remediation of Pb-contaminated soils was investigated for the effect of complexant ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and acetic acid and approaching anode on the removal efficiency of Pb. When EDTA was added to the catholyte, EDTA dissolved insoluble Pb in soils to form soluble Pb–EDTA complexes, increasing Pb mobility and accordingly removal efficiency. The removal efficiency was enhanced from 47.8 to 61.5 % when the EDTA concentration was increased from 0.1 to 0.2 M, showing that EDTA played an important role in remediation. And the migration rate of Pb was increased to 72.3 % when both EDTA and acetic acid were used in the catholyte. The “approaching anode electrokinetic remediation” process in the presence of both EDTA and acetic acid had a higher Pb-removal efficiency with an average efficiency of 83.8 %. The efficiency of electrokinetic remediation was closely related to Pb speciation. Exchangeable and carbonate-bounded Pb were likely the forms which could be removed. All results indicate that the approaching anode method in the presence of EDTA and acetic acid is an advisable choice for electrokinetic remediation of Pb-contaminated soil.