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151.
火灾演化、整体火安全和火灾蔓延 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本在介绍了自然火灾演化过程及关荷载如何确定后,对建筑整体火安全概念进行了讨论,包括火灾时居民和消防人员的安全性、自然抗火时间、结构火安全设计和财产损失。对结构破坏后的火蔓延计算及标准热荷载的应用也进行了讨论和介绍。 相似文献
152.
Yang Yuwen Yang Wenya .Research Center for Circular Economy Nankai University Tianjin China; . 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2011,(4):77-81
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between environment and personal well-being using a sample of 562 urban employees from three cities in Liaoning province in the People’s Republic of China.In contrast to previous studies,this study controlled positive affectivity (PA),negative affectivity (NA),job satisfaction and Big Five personality traits.In addition,the research variables of personal well-being index (PWI),positive affectivity,negative affectivity,job satisfaction,Big Five,and environmental satisfaction are measured with multi-item scales.The research finds that environmental satisfaction is positively related to personal well-being,suggesting that improvement of the natural surroundings in the cities can improve people’s well-being. 相似文献
153.
Wang Yan Zhang Yisheng Wang Qian Wang Wei School of Environmental Science Engineering Shandong University Jinan Shandong China 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2007,(2)
Along with the progress of urbanization and environ- mental deterioration, residents’ desire for improved air quality is increasing. In order to quantify an individual’s willingness-to-pay (WTP) for improved air quality in Jinan of eastern China, a contingent valuation method (CVM) was employed. A sample of 1,500 residents was chosen on the basis of multistage sampling methods with face-to-face interviews by using a series of hypo-thetical, open-ended scenario questions which were designed to elicit the respondents’ WTP. Results showed that 59.7% of respondents were able to express their WTP and the mean WTP is 100 Chinese Yuan (CNY) per person per year. A probit model on the probability of a positive WTP and a regression model were developed to find the relationship between endogenous variables and WTP. Most parameters in the econometric analysis had the expected sign. Annual household income and expenditure on treating respiratory diseases significantly influence WTP. The rates of positive WTP and the monetary amount are larger for men than for women. Results also showed that people who lived in more polluted areas were willing to pay more for clean air. Unlike developed countries, clean air may only be considered as a public good in China in that more than 40% of respondents had no incen- tive to bear the costs of attempting to achieve better air quality, which indicates the relatively low environmental consciousness. 相似文献
154.
汤安中 《中国人口.资源与环境》1992,(2)
本文从社会系统工程角度对人口、资源与环境三者的动态依存关系作了全面探讨。认为科技是转变这个系统运动性质的关键因素,人口问题的实质是自身的消耗接近于自身的供给,解决中国人口问题的根本途径是增加科技的投入。科技类似催化剂,可使潜在资源转化为现实资源,因而人均资源占有量不会绝对呈下降曲线。科技这一要素的大量介入,将使封闭的人口、资源与环境系统(就经济学意义而言)转变为一个全方位开放的、充满活力的耗散结构系统。 相似文献
155.
Zhuang Yahui Zhang Hongxun Wang Xiaoke & Li Changsheng Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences PO Box Beijing China Institute for the Study of Earth Oceans and Space University of New Hampshire Durham NH U.S.A. 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2004,(3)
The report summarizes surveys on carbon inventories and initiatives on sustainable carbon cycling taken by the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, where the authors work/worked. The first part of the report, which appeared in the preceding issue of this journal, deals with the concept of sustainable carbon cycling, the historic evolution of carbon cycling processes in China, carbon pool enhancement, value addition, carbon sequestration and carbon balance. This very paper, as the second part of the report, covers the results of carbon dynamics modeling, emission inventories of various carbon-containing greenhouse gases and their potential abatement measures. 相似文献
156.
研究了Al-Si/Al-Mn/Al-Si三层复合板热轧复合工艺,借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪分析了复合工艺参数对轧后结合强度和剥离面形貌的影响,得到了优化热轧复合工艺,并对热轧复合板界面结合机制进行了探讨. 相似文献
157.
158.
重金属离子对生物污泥活性的抑制 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
研究了工业废水中常见的Cd~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Cr~(6+)、Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Al~(3+)和Fe~(3+)七种重金属离子对生物污泥的抑制作用。发现其抑制的机理各不相同,前五种为不可逆抑制,污泥经过洗涤,活性不易恢复,而后二种为可逆抑制,污泥洗涤后,活性能基本恢复。试验还发现,几种金属离子同时存在时,抑制性比单一金属离子强。金属离子会在污泥中积聚,因此,即使废水中浓度很低,长期接触也会使生物污泥活性降低。 相似文献
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