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71.
The Leaching Characteristics of Chromite ore Processing Residue 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. Deakin L.J. West D.I. Stewart B.W.D. Yardley 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2001,23(3):201-206
72.
Cohen et al. [16] suggest that in order to explore ways to bring climate change (CC) and sustainable development (SD) research together, it is necessary to develop more heuristic tools that can involve resource users and other stakeholders. In this respect, this paper focuses on methodological development in research to study climate change impacts and regional sustainable development (RSD). It starts with an introduction of an integrated land assessment framework (ILAF) which is part of the integrated phase of the Mackenzie Basin Impact Study (MBIS) in Canada. The paper then provides some articulation on how the integrated approach was applied in the Mackenzie Basin to show implications of climate change for RSD. 相似文献
73.
Particle-reactive, naturally occurring radionuclides are useful tracers of the sinking flux of organic matter from the surface to the deep ocean. Since the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) began in 1987, the disequilibrium between 234Th and its parent 238U has become widely used as a technique to measure particle export fluxes from surface ocean waters. Another radionuclide pair, 210Po and 210Pb, can be used for the same purpose but has not been as widely adopted due to difficulty with accurately constraining the 210Po/210Pb radiochemical balance in the ocean and because of the more time-consuming radiochemical procedures. Direct comparison of particle flux estimated in different ocean regions using these short-lived radionuclides is important in evaluating their utility and accuracy as tracers of particle flux. In this paper, we present paired 234Th/238U and 210Po/210Pb data from oligotrophic surface waters of the subtropical Northwest Atlantic and discuss their advantages and limitations. Vertical profiles of total and particle size-fractionated 210Po and 234Th activities, together with particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations, were measured during three seasons at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site. Both 210Po and 234Th reasonably predict sinking POC flux caught in sediment traps, and each tracer provides unique information about the magnitude and efficiency of the ocean's biological pump. 相似文献
74.
Hong S. Moon Jason M. Abercrombie Albert P. Kausch C. Neal Stewart Jr. 《Environmental management》2010,46(4):531-538
Done correctly, cellulosic bioenergy should be both environmentally and economically beneficial. Carbon sequestration and
decreased fossil fuel use are both worthy goals in developing next-generation biofuels. We believe that biotechnology will
be needed to significantly improve yield and digestibility of dedicated perennial herbaceous biomass feedstocks, such as switchgrass
and Miscanthus, which are native to the US and China, respectively. This Forum discusses the sustainability of herbaceous feedstocks relative
to the regulation of biotechnology with regards to likely genetically engineered traits. The Forum focuses on two prominent
countries wishing to develop their bioeconomies: the US and China. These two countries also share a political desire and regulatory
frameworks to enable the commercialization and wide release of transgenic feedstocks with appropriate and safe new genetics.
In recent years, regulators in both countries perform regular inspections of transgenic field releases and seriously consider
compliance issues, even though the US framework is considered to be more mature and stringent. Transgene flow continues to
be a pertinent environmental and regulatory issue with regards to transgenic plants. This concern is largely driven by consumer
issues and ecological uncertainties. Regulators are concerned about large-scale releases of transgenic crops that have sexually
compatible crops or wild relatives that can stably harbor transgenes via hybridization and introgression. Therefore, prior
to the commercialization or extensive field testing of transgenic bioenergy feedstocks, we recommend that mechanisms that
ensure biocontainment of transgenes be instituted, especially for perennial grasses. A cautionary case study will be presented
in which a plant’s biology and ecology conspired against regulatory constraints in a non-biomass crop perennial grass (creeping
bentgrass, Agrostis stolonifera), in which biocontainment was not attained. Appropriate technologies that could be applied to perennial grass feedstocks
for biocontainment are discussed. 相似文献
75.
Pelleted organo-mineral fertilisers from composted pig slurry solids, animal wastes and spent mushroom compost for amenity grasslands 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rao JR Watabe M Stewart TA Millar BC Moore JE 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2007,27(9):1117-1128
In Ireland, conversion of biodegradable farm wastes such as pig manure spent mushroom compost and poultry litter wastes to pelletised fertilisers is a desirable option for farmers. In this paper, results obtained from the composting of pig waste solids (20% w/w) blended with other locally available biodegradable wastes comprising poultry litter (26% w/w), spent mushroom compost (26% w/w), cocoa husks (18% w/w) and moistened shredded paper (10% w/w) are presented. The resulting 6-mo old 'mature' composts had a nutrient content of 2.3% total N, 1.6% P and 3.1% K, too 'low' for direct use as an agricultural fertiliser. Formulations incorporating dried blood or feather meal amendments enriched the organic N-content, reduced the moisture in mature compost mixtures and aided the granulation process. Inclusion of mineral supplements viz., sulphate of ammonia, rock phosphate and sulphate of potash, yielded slow release fertilisers with nutrient N:P:K ratios of 10:3:6 and 3:5:10 that were suited for amenity grasslands such as golf courses for spring or summer application and autumn dressing, respectively. Rigorous microbiological tests carried out throughout the composting, processing and pelletising phases indicated that the formulated organo-mineral fertilisers were free of vegetative bacterial pathogens. 相似文献
76.
Holly H. Bennett Michael W. Mullen Paul M. Stewart James A. Sawyer E. Cliff Webber 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2004,40(1):43-51
ABSTRACT: Activities such as agriculture, silviculture, and mining contribute nonpoint pollution to Alabama's streams through polluted runoff and excessive sedimentation. Highly erodible soils characteristic of the Choctawhatchee‐Pea Rivers watershed, combined with intense rainfall and land use practices, contribute large amounts of sediment to streams. Biological monitoring can reflect the acute impacts of pollutants as well as prolonged effects of habitat alteration, and development of biological criteria is important for the establishment of enforceable laws regarding nonpoint source pollution. Macroinvertebrates were collected from 49 randomly selected sites from first through sixth‐order streams in the Choctawhatchee‐Pea Rivers watershed and were identified to genus level. Thirty‐eight candidate metrics were examined, and an invertebrate community index (ICI) was calibrated by eliminating metrics that failed to separate impaired from unimpaired streams. Each site was scored with those metrics, and narrative scores were assigned based on ICI scores. Least impacted sites scored significantly lower than sites impacted by row crop agriculture, cattle, and urban land uses. Conditions in the watershed suggest that the entire area has experienced degradation through past and current land use practices. An initial validation of the index was performed and is described. Additional evaluations of the index are in progress. 相似文献
77.
Why do people get involved in the creation of new ventures? Prior research suggests entrepreneurial behavior has multiple causes. Nurture explanations; often couched in terms of sociological theories like social learning have been popular. Aspects of nascent entrepreneurs' social contexts, notably their family business background, have been associated with new venture creation. But nature also appears to play a role. Other research has linked heritable biological factors, including testosterone, with the career choice to launch a new venture. This study presents theory and evidence linking the combination of both sociological and biological factors with new venture creation: a biosocial model of entrepreneurship. Empirical results indicate new venture creation is more likely among those individuals having a higher testosterone level in combination with a family business background. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
78.
79.
A Tale of One City
Horace Plinston
Letchworth Garden City Corporation and Garden City Press Ltd., 1981.
Hard back, 229 pp.
Urban Geography
David Clark
Croom Helm, London (1982), 231 pp. 相似文献
80.
The surf clam Spisula solidissima, when exposed to a northern bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax tamarensis, concentrates paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) and retains it for periods of over 1 year. The purpose of this investigation was to identify those tissues in which S. solidissima concentrates PSP and to examine the efficacy of ozone gas in PSP detoxification. Various levels of the toxin were found in every untreated tissue examined: the mantle and gill containing high concentrations (>1600 g/100 g tissue); the visceral mass, siphon, and foot showing less toxicity (1100 to 200 g/100 g tissue); and the adductor muscle yielding a level of toxin considered safe for human consumption (<60 g/100 g tissue). Toxic clams exposed to ozonized seawater for 2 weeks exhibited rapid detoxification in all tissues examined.This work was supported, in part, by a grant from the Massachusetts Science and Technology Foundation, Wakefield, Massachusetts 01880, USA. 相似文献