吉林省土壤中腐殖酸和水溶性富里酸分布特征与大骨节病关系的研究

本研究测定了吉林省主要土类样品中腐殖酸、富里酸的含量及水溶性富里酸的释放量,并研究其概率分布类型和水溶性富里酸的释放量与富里酸含量、深度、类型的关系。结果表明,土壤富里酸的释放量与大骨节病病情呈明显的正相关(r=0.845,P<0.05)。提出饮用富里酸释放量最高的O_2、Q_3层地下水,是引起平原地区大骨节病的可能因素。     

用三聚氰胺生产中排放的固体废物制备三聚氰酸

对三聚氰胺生产企业产生的固体废物利用进行了研究。研究发现 ,在自生压力下可以由三聚氰胺生产过程中排放出的固体废弃物酸解制备三聚氰酸 ;添加酸式硫酸盐在低硫酸浓度下水解几乎能达到高硫酸浓度下水解的效果 ;固体废弃物酸解时 ,反应温度升高、反应时间延长和NaHSO4用量增加都会提高三聚氰酸的收率 ;酸解过程中 ,反应温度对收率有显著影响 ,而反应时间、硫酸氢钠的用量对收率影响不显著 ;在 160℃、NaHSO4用量为 10 0g时反应 4h ,三聚氰酸的收率可达 67%     

二维盆地流场及其污染物分布的模拟

利用数值积分方法求解二维盆地地形大气热力-动力学方程组及扩散方程,模拟了在盛行风和静风时,盆地内有无热岛条件下整个区域的流场及其盆地内存在面源时的浓度分布。结果表明,白天山脉作为热源,而晚间成为冷源;存在明显的山坡风环流,但盆地内环流要比盆地外弱;静风、有热岛时,盆地内污染物浓度大于没有热岛时;有盛行风时,盆地内污染物会被带至盆地外的平原地带,迎风坡是受污染最严重的地带。     

中距离垂直扩散参数的一个估算方法

本文按照行星边界层(PBL)内局地湍流特性相似的假设和因此分析原理,应用合适的垂直涡旋扩散系数k的统计形式以及埃克曼螺线的风速廓线,通过数值分析,导出了100km范围内既适用于平坦均匀地形又适用于复杂地形的垂直扩散型。其结果与实测资料有较好的一致性。     

环境监测点的模糊优化设置及其问题探讨

应用模糊聚类方法，结合贵阳市的实例，对环境监测点的模糊优化设置进行了研究。提出根据实测数据分布形态选用标定方法的建议和具体作法，可使环境监测点的模糊优化设置更趋合理，从而可为有关部门在进行监测点的科学合理设置时提供参考。     

Substance flows through the economy and environment of a region

In the tradition of the study of materials flows through society, the Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) method and its software tool SFINX are presented. SFA aims at providing the relevant information for a country’s overall management strategy regarding single substances or coherent groups of substances. Three modelling techniques and their possibilities and limitations are discussed: Bookkeeping, static modelling, and dynamic modelling. The computer program SFINX can be used for varoius purposes: (1) to obtain an overview of stocks and flows of a substance in, out and through a nation’s economy and environment for a specific year, (2) to trace the origins of specific pollution problems, and (3) to estimate the effectiveness of certain abatement measures. Each application has its own requirements with regard to data and modelling.     

Substance flows through the economy and environment of a region

Part I: Abstract  In the tradition of the study of materials flows through society, the Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) method is presented. SFA aims at providing the relevant information for a country’s overall management strategy regarding single substances or coherent groups of substances. This article is dedicated to the presentation of a threestep general framework for SFA-type studies, and elaborates on its first step the systems definition. Attention is given to the definition of the external and internal system boundaries, the categorization of the system’s elements, aspects of materials choice, time, and space, and how these depend on the aim of the conducted study. Moreover, a broader discussion is started on the need for standardization of materials flow studies in general. Part II: Abstract  In the tradition of the study of materials flows through society, the Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) method and its software tool SFINX are presented. SFA aims at providing the relevant information for a country’s overall management strategy regarding single substances or coherent groups of substances. Three modelling techniques and their possibilities and limitations are discussed: Bookkeeping, static modelling, and dynamic modelling. The computer program SFINX can be used for varoius purposes: (1) to obtain an overview of stocks and flows of a substance in, out and through a nation’s economy and environment for a specific year, (2) to trace the origins of specific pollution problems, and (3) to estimate the effectiveness of certain abatement measures. Each application has its own requirements with regard to data and modelling.     

环境内分泌干扰物--邻苯二甲酸酯的研究

介绍了环境内分泌干扰物的生殖毒性，综述了不同环境样品中邻苯二甲酸酯类内分泌干扰物的前处理技术和分析测试技术，并指出环境中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染状况。     

城市污水处理厂不同工艺段中有机氯农药残留

建立了基于HLB固相萃取柱和气相色谱 /电子捕获 (GC/ECD)分析城市污水中有机氯农药的分析方法 ,同时分析了北京市高碑店和北小河两个污水处理厂中 4个不同工艺段水体中有机氯农药的浓度。在两个污水处理厂的水体中共检出了 6种有机氯类农药 ,分别是α 六六六、β 六六六、γ 六六六、δ 六六六、艾氏剂和 4 ,4’ 滴滴滴 ,浓度在 1 89—6 9 6ng/L之间。结果表明 ,曝气活性污泥法对六六六类有机氯农药的去除效果较好。     

湿热法处理实现厨余垃圾饲料化的研究

探索了湿热法工艺处理厨余垃圾并将其饲料化的可行性。实验表明,湿热法处理可以在满足消毒杀菌的同时,降低厨余原料中的高油脂含量和高含盐量,调节营养成分,实现物化性状的均一。经湿热法处理后的厨余垃圾的饲用价值得到明显改善,可作为良好的饲料原料,同时可回收利用油脂。总之,湿热法工艺可实现厨余垃圾的无害化、减量化和资源化处理,对于消除环境污染、缓解我国饲料原料紧张及资源回收利用等方面有着显著的环境效益、社会效益和经济效益,具有重要的现实意义。