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91.
Trihalomethanes (THMs) the by-products of chlorination in water treatment are recognised as a threat to public health due
to their carcinogenicity. The photodegradation of THMs using hydrogen peroxide has been found to give increased removal efficiency
and the outcome of the study may find, its application in designing a unit process for water treatment. Batch experiments
were carried out using UV lamp of 83 W and 40% w/w Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in test waters between 2.5–10 pH range of chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform at 50–200
μg L−1 initial concentration. 92–100% removal of chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform were found
with 0.1% of H2O2 and 90 min of UV exposure. 相似文献
92.
Das Vikas Kumar Hansda Sunil Debnath Koustuv Chaudhuri Susanta 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(10):15290-15313
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Sundarban area of the lower Gangetic plain experiences embankment failure almost every year due to the formation of toe undercuts. Waves generated due... 相似文献
93.
Tiwari Varsha Kumar Manish Tiwari Abhishek Sahoo Biswa Mohan Singh Sunil Kumar Suresh Saharan Renu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):64987-65013
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coronaviruses are terrifically precise and adapted towards specialized respiratory epithelial cells, observed in organ culture and human volunteers... 相似文献
94.
Mercuric (Hg) and zinc (Zn) chloride toxicity was investigated in cerebroneuronal cells and gills of Bellamya bengalensis using sublethal concentrations under lab conditions. Freshwater snail B. bengalensis was exposed to mean LC50 concentration (1.56 ppm and 12.7 ppm) of Hg and Zn chloride, respectively. Bioaccumulation of Hg and Zn was observed in nervous and gill tissue in proportion to the time of exposure. Respiratory mechanisms and rate of oxygen consumption was depleted by both metals. Histopathological alterations in cerebro neuronal cells (giant, large, medium, and small) and gill filamental epithelia were apparent in Hg and Zn-exposed snails. Histopathology demonstrated increased cytoplasmic basophilia, extreme indentation of plasma membrane, karyolitic and eccentric nuclei, nuclear envelope with irregular size, and shrunken appearance of cerebroneuronal cells. Histologically, gill filamental epithelia showed hypertrophy, enlarged ciliated margins reduced length of cilia, nuclear dilations, thickening of basal lamina, and hemocytic accumulations in induced cells and severe loss of goblet mucus cells at the tip. Histopathology was accompanied by dysfunctioning cilia with decreased rate of respiration. Overall, neuronal impairment with damaged gill filament produced improper gaseous exchange leading to sluggish movement. 相似文献
95.
Sunil K. Chaudhary Reginald H. Mitchell Paul R. West Michael J. Ashwood-Smith 《Chemosphere》1985,14(1):27-40
Reductive degradation of the pesticide methoxychlor by photolysis in the presence of hydroquinone in dilute solutions of acetonitrile or 1:1 aqueous t-butanol leads to processes other than simple dechlorination. Direct radical coupling with hydroquinone forms a markedly estrogenic conjugate. A pH dependant molecular rearrangement gives pro-estrogenic 4,4′-dimethoxy-α,α′-dichlorostilbenes, and condensation with hydroquinone yields the chlorine free polycyclic aromatic, 12-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxybenzo[b]phenanthro[9,10-d]furan. 相似文献
96.
Robin Anderson Richard E. Woodward Sunil I. Shah J. N. Hartley Stephen C. James Ronald C. Sims 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1232-1234
The A&WMA Critical Review entitled “Soil Remediation Techniques at Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites” was presented by Ronald C. Sims, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. Dr. Sims presented his review at the 83rd Air & Waste Management Association Annual Meeting, held in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in June 1990. Prepared discussions presented during the Critical Review session are published here, along with some closing remarks by Dr. Sims. Ronald Harkov, Chairman of the Critical Review Subcommittee of the Publications Committee, served as moderator of the 1990 A&WMA Critical Review session. 相似文献
97.
98.
C. Sunil R. K. Somashekar B. C. Nagaraja 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,170(1-4):545-553
The Cauvery river basin of South India has a large phyto-floristic wealth, rightfully enough to constitute a separate phyto-geographic unit. Increase in the anthropogenic pressures within the river basin and surrounding landscapes have persistently stressed the riparian ecosystem structure adversely, besides altering its composition. The objective of this study was to examine the present status of riparian vegetation along the Cauvery river basin, in response to anthropogenic pressures. For vegetation analysis, the riparian forest coming in the middle stretch of Cauvery river was categorized into two zones, viz., forest zone covering ~54 km stretch and agroecosystem zone covering ~80 km stretch. In each zone, tree species were quantified using transects at 8-km interval. Overall tree species accounting for both forest and agroecosystem were recorded and compared. The results indicate that the mean density and basal area of trees per plot were higher in the forest zone than agroecosystem zone. The Shannon–Weiner diversity of forest zone is 4.6, which is higher than agroecosystem. In addition, species composition indicated a relatively low or poor similarity between the two zones. The vegetation density and site disturbance scores for all the study sites reveals that sand mining and grazing areas have exerted negative impact on riparian forest. The results of the present study clearly brought out the need for preparing and implementing site-specific conservation plans for riparian ecosystem. 相似文献
99.
Sunil Kumar Gupta 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2017,67(10):1137-1145
Regular exercise improves physiological processes and yields positive health outcomes. However, it is relatively less known that particulate matter (PM) exposure during outdoor exercises may increase several respiratory health problems depending on PM levels. In this study, the respiratory deposition doses (RDDs) in head airway (HD), tracheobronchial (TB), and alveolar (AL) regions of various PM size fractions (<10, <2.5, and <1 μm; PM10, PM2.5, and PM1) were estimated in healthy male and female exercisers in urban outdoors and within house premises. The highest RDDs were found for PM during morning hours in winter compared with remaining periods. RDDs in AL region for males and females, respectively, were 34.7 × 10?2 and 28.8 × 10?2 µg min?1 for PM10, 65.7 × 10?2 and 56.9 × 10?2 µg min?1 for PM2.5, and 76.5 × 10?2 and 66.3 × 10?2 µg min?1 for PM1. The RDD values in AL region were significantly higher in PM1 (27%) compared with PM2.5 (13%) and PM10 (2%) during exercise in all periods. This result showed that the morning peak hours in winter are more harmful to urban outdoor exercisers compared with other periods. This study also showed that the AL region would have been the main affected zone through fine particle (PM1) to all the exercisers.Implications: Size-segregated particle concentrations in urban outdoors and within house premises were measured. The highest respiratory deposition doses (RDDs) were found for PM during morning hours in winter compared with remaining periods. During light exercise, the RDD values in alveolar (AL) region for PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 for male exercisers were significantly higher, 20.4%, 15.5%, and 15.4%, respectively, compared with female exercisers during morning peak hours in winter. 相似文献
100.
Oberoi HS Vadlani PV Saida L Bansal S Hughes JD 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2011,31(7):1576-1584
Dried and ground banana peel biomass (BP) after hydrothermal sterilization pretreatment was used for ethanol production using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). Central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize concentrations of cellulase and pectinase, temperature and time for ethanol production from BP using SSF. Analysis of variance showed a high coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.92 for ethanol production. On the basis of model graphs and numerical optimization, the validation was done in a laboratory batch fermenter with cellulase, pectinase, temperature and time of nine cellulase filter paper unit/gram cellulose (FPU/g-cellulose), 72 international units/gram pectin (IU/g-pectin), 37 °C and 15 h, respectively. The experiment using optimized parameters in batch fermenter not only resulted in higher ethanol concentration than the one predicted by the model equation, but also saved fermentation time. This study demonstrated that both hydrothermal pretreatment and SSF could be successfully carried out in a single vessel, and use of optimized process parameters helped achieve significant ethanol productivity, indicating commercial potential for the process. To the best of our knowledge, ethanol concentration and ethanol productivity of 28.2 g/l and 2.3 g/l/h, respectively from banana peels have not been reported to date. 相似文献