全文获取类型
收费全文 | 27944篇 |
免费 | 295篇 |
国内免费 | 383篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 658篇 |
废物处理 | 1568篇 |
环保管理 | 3833篇 |
综合类 | 4032篇 |
基础理论 | 7611篇 |
环境理论 | 8篇 |
污染及防治 | 6730篇 |
评价与监测 | 2092篇 |
社会与环境 | 1962篇 |
灾害及防治 | 128篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 110篇 |
2022年 | 218篇 |
2021年 | 216篇 |
2020年 | 208篇 |
2019年 | 183篇 |
2018年 | 1721篇 |
2017年 | 1617篇 |
2016年 | 1603篇 |
2015年 | 503篇 |
2014年 | 535篇 |
2013年 | 1567篇 |
2012年 | 1125篇 |
2011年 | 2242篇 |
2010年 | 1366篇 |
2009年 | 1342篇 |
2008年 | 1721篇 |
2007年 | 2079篇 |
2006年 | 795篇 |
2005年 | 679篇 |
2004年 | 688篇 |
2003年 | 650篇 |
2002年 | 665篇 |
2001年 | 684篇 |
2000年 | 539篇 |
1999年 | 324篇 |
1998年 | 222篇 |
1997年 | 234篇 |
1996年 | 225篇 |
1995年 | 276篇 |
1994年 | 216篇 |
1993年 | 216篇 |
1992年 | 176篇 |
1991年 | 185篇 |
1990年 | 186篇 |
1989年 | 182篇 |
1988年 | 159篇 |
1987年 | 135篇 |
1986年 | 156篇 |
1985年 | 143篇 |
1984年 | 201篇 |
1983年 | 159篇 |
1982年 | 171篇 |
1981年 | 158篇 |
1980年 | 130篇 |
1979年 | 150篇 |
1978年 | 94篇 |
1977年 | 98篇 |
1975年 | 90篇 |
1974年 | 93篇 |
1972年 | 97篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
Through two-choice gustatory experiments, a␣preference hierarchy was established␣for␣the␣herbivorous gastropod Norrisianorrisi Sowerby, with laminarialean kelps preferred over all other seaweeds. Among the kelps, laminae of Macrocystispyrifera were slightly preferred over Egregiamenziesii, and both were strongly preferred over sporophylls of Eiseniaarborea. E.arborea, the least preferred kelp, was consistently chosen over other algae common in the snail's habitat (Halidrysdioica, Dictyotaflabellata, and Pterocladiacapillacea) and over seaweeds believed to be edible and palatable based on their morphology, structure, and secondary chemistry (Endarachnebinghamiae, Mazzaellaflaccida, and Ulvalobata). The morphologies and structural toughness of tested seaweeds varied significantly as did their nutritional (% carbon, %
nitrogen, C:N ratio, and % ash) contents and phlorotannin concentrations; however, snails preferred to feed on kelps regardless
of nutritional content, toughness or phlorotannin concentration; and among kelps preferred to feed on the least tough species
(based on penetrometer measurements), which also were those containing the lowest phlorotannin concentrations. Preference
for kelp was not upheld in experiments using agarose thalli to which freeze-dried powder, of either the kelp Eiseniaarborea or non-kelp Endarachnebinghamiae was added, suggesting the destruction of attractant chemicals during the making of the artificial foods. Our data suggest
that the preference of N. norrisi for kelps over other potentially edible and palatable seaweeds may not be related to nutritional content, but instead may
have evolved in response to factors such as availability, habitat provision, or refuge from predation.
Received: 27 September 1996 / Accepted: 7 October 1997 相似文献
132.
The pattern of settlement over time of three broadcast spawning coral species (Cyphastrea serailia, Acanthastrea lordhowensis, and Goniastrea australensis) from the Solitary Islands (30°00′S; 153°20′E) was studied in 1995 and 1996 in order to determine the maximum length of time
these larvae could remain in the water column and still retain the ability to settle and metamorphose. Larvae were maintained
in aquaria and the number which had settled on biologically-conditioned tile pairs was monitored every 5 to 10 d. While the
majority of larvae settled quickly after becoming competent, some larvae survived and settled for extended periods after spawning.
Competency periods ranged from 26 d for C. serailia to 56 d for G. australensis and 78 d for A. lordhowensis. These data greatly extend the known competency periods for larvae of broadcast-spawning corals and indicate the potential
for transport of broadcast-spawned coral larvae over large distances. Medium to long-distance larval dispersal of the species
studied provides a mechanism for their widespread distribution in subtropical regions, on reefs which are often widely spaced
and relatively isolated.
Received: 27 May 1997 / Accepted: 27 November 1997 相似文献
133.
Karyotypic characterization of the great sturgeon, Huso huso, by multiple staining techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
F. Fontana J. Tagliavini L. Congiu M. Lanfredi M. Chicca C. Laurente R. Rossi 《Marine Biology》1998,132(3):495-501
A karyotype analysis by several staining techniques was carried out on the great sturgeon, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758). The karyotype (2n = 118 ± 2) was composed of 42 pairs of meta-/submetacentric chromosomes and 17 pairs of acrocentrics/microchromosomes. Constitutive
heterochromatin was mainly located at the centromeric regions of the acrocentric chromosomes. The biarmed chromosomes showed
weak C-bands. Fluorescent staining with GC-specific chromomycin A3 showed clearly recognizable fluorescent regions, whereas a more uniform base composition was revealed by the AT-specific
4,6-diamidino-2 phenylindole. After Ag-staining, nucleolar organizer regions could be observed on the short arms of two medium-sized
submetacentrics and on two acrocentrics. Digoxigenated 28S and 5S rDNA probes, prepared from Acipenser naccarii DNA and hybridized to metaphase chromosomes, showed signals on six and two chromosomes, respectively. The telomeric sequence
(TTAGGG)
n
detected by FISH was located at both ends of each chromosome. Results are discussed in relation to karyotype organization
and evolution in sturgeons.
Received: 1 April 1998 / Accepted: 21 July 1998 相似文献
134.
135.
De Schrijver A Staelens J Wuyts K Van Hoydonck G Janssen N Mertens J Gielis L Geudens G Augusto L Verheyen K 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,153(2):295-303
This paper compares different vegetation types (coniferous and deciduous forest, grassed and pure heathland) in terms of input (throughfall deposition) and output (seepage flux) in a region with intermediate nitrogen load (+/-20kg Nha(-1)y(-1) via bulk precipitation) in comparable conditions in north Belgium. Coniferous forest (two plots Pinus sylvestris and two plots Pinus nigra) received significantly higher nitrogen and sulphur throughfall deposition than deciduous forest and heathland. Grassed and pure heathland had significantly highest throughfall quantities of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+), respectively. The observed differences in throughfall deposition between the different vegetation types were not univocally reflected in the ion seepage flux. Considerable seepage fluxes of NO(3)(-), SO(4)(2-), Ca(2+) and Al(III) were only found under the P. nigra plots. We discuss our hypothesis that the P. nigra forests already evolved to a situation of N saturation, while the other vegetation types did not. 相似文献
136.
Preparation of a porous clay heterostructure and study of its adsorption capacity of phenol and chlorinated phenols from aqueous solutions. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sofía Arellano-Cárdenas Tzayhrí Gallardo-Velázquez Guillermo Osorio-Revilla Ma del Socorro López-Cortez 《Water environment research》2008,80(1):60-67
A porous clay heterostructure (PCH) from a Mexican clay was prepared and characterized, and its aqueous phenol and dichlorophenols (DCPs) adsorption capacities were studied using a batch equilibrium technique. The PCH displayed a surface area of 305.5 m2/g, 37.2 A average porous diameter, and a basal space of 23.2 A. The adsorption capacity shown by the PCH for both phenol and DCPs from water (14.5 mg/g for phenol; 48.7 mg/g for 3,4-DCP; and 45.5 mg/g for 2,5-DCP) suggests that the PCH has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics, as a result of the presence of silanol and siloxane groups formed during the pillaring and calcination of the PCH. The values of maximal adsorption capacity for dichlorophenols were higher than those reported for aluminum pillared clays and some inorgano-organo clays and comparable with some ionic exchange resins. 相似文献
137.
In multiphase systems capillary pressures play a significant role on fluid movement and retention. The facility to predict
the effect of different thermal remediation strategies requires the knowledge of the effect of temperature on capillary pressure-saturation
relationships in the soils.
The objective of recent study was (a) to develop a technique for routinely measuring the pressure-saturation curves of soil
samples saturated with a nonpolar liquid at different regulated temperatures (b) to build a database using the measured pressure-saturation
curves and the physical, chemical properties of the model soils (c) to establish the dependence of nonaqueous phase liquid
retention on the soil properties and the temperature.
The retention curves (extraction isotherms) with nonaqueous phase liquid were determined using a modified
pressure plate extractor. The wetting phase was a non-aromatic hydrocarbon distillation product. Pressure plates were designed and constructed in
the laboratory of our department. The temperature was held constant at 20, 40 and 60 ∘C.
Statistical analysis was performed involving selected soil parameters and the measured nonaqueous phase liquid retention data.
The results show that knowing some easily measurable soil parameters (bulk density, particle size distribution, humus and
lime content) we can estimate the nonaqueous phase liquid retention of the soils. The measured “extraction isotherms” provide
essential information about the temperature-dependency of pressure-saturation curves. 相似文献
138.
139.
典型海岛生态系统服务及价值评估 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
海洋生态系统服务评估相关研究主要集中在特殊海洋生态系统的评估方面.海岛生态系统兼有陆地和海洋的生态系统特征,生态系统组成、结构复杂,很多的服务表现为岛陆互相交错,难以分别计量.选择庙岛群岛南五岛作为研究区域,研究了其生态系统服务,并进行了价值评估.结果表明:2003年庙岛群岛南五岛生态系统服务总价值为3.08×108元.其中,市场价值占到总服务价值的50.99%,与非市场价值基本持平.对于非市场生态系统服务,如气候调节、废弃物处理等,我们仅计算了目前人们已经认识到和容易计算的生态系统服务部分.因此,该研究仅为对庙岛群岛南五岛生态系统服务价值的保守估算. 相似文献
140.