Plant coexistence can enhance phytoextraction of cadmium by tobacco （Nicotiana tabacum L.） in contaminated soil

A mesocosm experiment was conducted to investigate whether plant coexistence affects cadmium (Cd) uptake by plant in contaminated soil.Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.var.K326) and Japanese clover (Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl.) were used.Cadmium was applied as 3CdSO 4 ·8H 2 O in solution at three levels (0,1,and 3 mg/kg soil) to simulate an unpolluted soil and soils that were slightly and moderately polluted with Cd.Tobacco (crop),Japanese clover (non-crop),and their combination were grown under each C...     

Nutrient distribution within and release from the contaminated sediment of Haihe River

We assessed nutrient characteristics, distributions and fractions within the disturbed and undisturbed sediments at four sampling sites within the mainstream of Haihe River. The river sediments contained mostly sand (> 60%). The fraction of clay was < 3%. Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations ranged from 729 to 1922 mg/kg and from 692 to 1388 mg/kg, respectively. Nutrient concentrations within the sediments usually decreased with increasing depth. The TN and TP concentrations within the fine sand were higher than for that within silt. Sediment phosphorus fractions were between 2.99% and 3.37% Ex-P (exchangeable phosphorus), 7.89% and 13.71% Fe/Al-P (Fe, Al oxides bound phosphorus), 61.32% and 70.14% Ca-P (calcium-bound phosphorus), and 17.03% and 22.04% Org-P (organic phosphorus). Nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment could lead to the presence of 21.02 mg N/L and 3.10 mg P/L within the water column. A river restoration project should address the sediment nutrient stock.     

造纸污泥综合利用热电项目验收监测难点及对策

近年来,随着环境监测技术规范化建设的不断发展,国家环保部相继出台了包括火力发电、水泥制造、汽车制造、造纸工业在内的12个不同行业类型的建设项目竣工验收技术规范。然而,造纸污泥综合利用热电项目验收监测尚未列入规范编制日程,其中工程调查、标准制定、点位布设和报告编制等环节仍存在一定误区和难点。文章例从上述薄弱环节入手,对常见难点问题提出了相应的解决办法．可供广大环境监测工作者参考和借鉴。     

基于WebGIS的包头市环境地理信息系统平台搭建

本文首先综述了包头市环境地理信息系统平台的总体结构、功能模块、数据构成等,然后着重阐述EGIS平台下的环保数据构成、异构异地数据集成的关键技术和空间数据库与多元数据库的关联接口,最后论述了建设该平台的设计方法和平台特点。     

节能环保产业分类研究

目前国际上还没有对“节能环保产业”给出一个统一的、标准的定义。本文研究了我国节能环保产业的分类现状及存在问题,经深八分析后,得出相对清晰的节能环保产业边界的定义。     

Global warming potential of emissions from rice paddies in Northeastern China

In this study, paddy fields in Jilin province which are flooded parcel of arable lands used for growing rice (Oryza sativa Linn.) were selected as the object. Long-term exploitation of paddy fields led to variations of soil organic carbon (SOC) and green house gases (GHGs) emissions which might contribute to global warming. In order to calculate the amount of global warming potentials (GWPs) of emissions from ricepaddies and find the correlations among rice yield, SOC storage and GWP, DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model was used to simulate SOC densities and fluxes of main GHGs emitted from paddy fields. After verification, simulation results were used to calculate SOC storages and 100-year GWPs from 1949 to 2009. Results indicated that SOC densities in depths of 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm and 20–30 cm all kept increasing. Average methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes were 278.55 kg carbon (kgC) ha⁻¹ a⁻¹ and 2.22 kg nitrogen (kgN) ha⁻¹ a⁻¹. The SOC storage (0–30 cm) had increased from 3.96 × 10⁹kgC in 1949 to 47.85 × 10⁹kgC in 2009. In addition, GWP emission was increasing exponentially in the past 61 years, from 0.16 × 10⁶ Mg carbon dioxide equivalents (CO₂-equivalents) to 66.36 × 10⁶ Mg CO₂-equivalents. Both SOC storage and GWP presented obviously linear relation to rice yields. Overall, the research suggested that long-term rice yields could be used to estimate the SOC storage and GWP variations.     

杭州市主城区污水处理厂污泥处置方案探讨

在总结国内工程中得到应用的污泥处置技术的基础上,结合杭州市的实际情况,根据污泥处置方案选择原则,提出杭州市主城区污水处理厂污泥的处置方案。近期污水处理厂污泥仍送至有机肥料厂进行堆肥,但要采取合理的处理方式使污泥肥料产品的质量达到国家规定的污泥农用标准;由于污泥为中度污染污泥,必须减量化处置和利用,随着干化焚烧技术和建材利用技术的日益成熟,杭州市主城区污水污泥应选择以干化焚烧和建材利用为主,其它技术为辅的处置方式。     

钢铁企业工艺节水的技术途径研究

水资源短缺是中国钢铁企业发展的瓶颈,大力推广节水技术对促进企业的可持续发展具有积极意义。针对中国钢铁企业生产工艺与设备普遍落后、用水量大、水循环回用率低、水资源严重浪费的用水现状,从开发利用非常规水源、推广节水型工艺技术、强化串级用水和循环用水、废水处理技术等几方面探讨了钢铁企业工艺节水的技术途径,并对钢铁企业节水工作提出了几点建议。     

多水源化工园区综合废水的水体特征研究

为充分了解天津市滨海新区化工园区综合废水的水体特征,通过科学选取新区内某化工园区综合废水中的水质监测指标,借助GCMS和毒性分析技术,得以全面系统地分析出具有类似产业布局的多废水来源的化工园区废水水质特征,为完善同类型废水可生化性指标评价体系提供了参考,且便于后续废水处理工艺的达标化设计。     

钦江青年水闸断面水污染指数变化规律研究

以钦江青年水闸断面为研究对象,采用2001年~2009年的水质监测数据,计算了污染最重的氨氮、溶解氧和石油类3项污染因子的污染指数(Pi)及断面的综合污染指数(Pj)。通过分析得出,钦江青年水闸断面氨氮污染指数在2004年-2009年基本维持平缓,溶解氧和石油类污染指数在2001年-2006年期间上升幅度比较大,在2007年-2009年,逐步下降并且持续平缓。水质综合污染指数在2003年和2006年分别达到了5.440、4.940,断面水质属轻污染级别,2007年-2009年青年水闸断面的综合污染指数基本保持稳定(<4),河流水质的年际变化不大。