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241.
Luis A. Izquierdo MD Ori Kushnir Jon Aase P. Lantz Teresa Castellano Luis B. Curet 《黑龙江环境通报》1990,10(9):587-592
Sonographic prenatal diagnosis and management of a pregnancy complicated by dys-segmental dysplasia of the Silverman-Handmaker type are presented. This is a documented case of this type of short-limbed dwarfism presenting in a family of Hispanic-American ancestry. 相似文献
242.
Introduction: With a growing interest in increasing parental involvement in teen driving, it is important to find out what parents are already doing. Method This study assessed the content, delivery, rigidity, and consequences of 143 driving rules reported by 24 parent-teen dyads. Results: Strengths included that driving rules covered the full range of concerns, especially night driving limits and passenger limits, and most parents and teens reported that violations would be followed by consequences, especially talk/warn or no driving. Weaknesses included that many rules were not very strict and only half showed parent-teen agreement on content. Conclusions: These findings suggest that teen driving rules are not clearly defined. 相似文献
243.
Piccardo MT Pala M Bonaccurso B Stella A Redaelli A Paola G Valerio F 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2005,133(2):293-301
Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed in pine needles of different ages (from 6 to 30 months) collected from two species, Pinus nigra and Pinus pinaster, in seven sites located along a transect from a suburban to a rural area of Genoa (Italy). In all sites and for both species, concentrations of more volatile PAHs (phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene) were higher than those for other less volatile PAHs, which are preferentially sorbed to airborne particulates (benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzofluoranthenes, benzo[a]pyrene). Concentrations of total PAHs found in P. nigra in the rural sites were, on the average, 2.3 times higher than those in P. pinaster growing nearby. In both pine species, concentrations of volatile PAHs increased according to needle age. Annual trends of other PAHs were more variable, with a general decrease in older needles. P. pinaster needles are shown to be more reliable passive samplers, since they are more resistant to plant diseases, and considerable variation in PAH concentration was observed in P. nigra needles with moulds and fungi. 相似文献
244.
Cassel T Ashbaugh L Flocchini R Meyer D 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2005,55(6):816-825
Ammonia emissions contribute to the formation of secondary particulate matter (PM) and violations of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Ammonia mass concentration measurements were made in February 1999 upwind and downwind of an open-lot dairy in California, using a combination of active bubbler and passive filter samplers. Ammonia fluxes were calculated from concentrations measured at 2, 4, and 10 m above ground at three locations on the downwind edge of the dairy, using micrometeorological techniques. A new method was developed to interpolate fluxes at six additional locations from ammonia concentrations measured at a single height, providing measurements at sufficient spatial resolution along the downwind border of the dairy to account for the heterogeneity of the source. PM measured up- and downwind of the dairy demonstrated insignificant ammonium particle formation in the immediate vicinity of the dairy and negligible contribution of dissociated ammonium nitrate to measured ammonia concentrations. Ammonium nitrate concentrations measured downwind of the dairy ranged from 26 to 0.26 microg m(-3) and from 2 to 43% of total PM2.5 mass concentrations. Measured ammonia fluxes showed that liquid manure retention ponds represented relatively minor sources of ammonia in winter on the dairy studied. Ammonia emission factors derived from the measurements ranged from 19 to 143 g head(-1) day(-1), showing an increase with warmer, drier weather and a decrease with increased relative humidity and lower temperatures. 相似文献
245.
Jui-Der Liou Chih-Ping Chen W. Roy Breg John C. Hobbins Maurice J. Mahoney Teresa L. Yang-Feng 《黑龙江环境通报》1993,13(1):1-8
From September 1984 to April 1991, we performed cytogenetic analysis on fetal blood samples from 214 second-and third-trimester pregnancies. One hundred and thirty-four cases were referred to consider the possibility of chromosomal mosaicism following amniocyte studies. The confirmation rate of mosaicism is at 0 per cent (0/9), 1·4 per cent (1/70), and 40 per cent (22/55) for cases of level I, level II, and level III mosaicism, respectively. Four out of 17 cases were positive for the diagnosis of fragile X syndrome. Of 63 cases with abnormal ultrasound findings, blood disorders, or other genetically related clinical conditions, 11 were found to have a chromosome abnormality. Fetal blood sampling is a valuable adjunct to other methods in the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal mosaicism or pseudomosaicism. It is also useful when rapid cytogenetic diagnosis is desired because of malformations detected in pregnancies at a late gestational age. 相似文献
246.
Semisolid olive-mill residues, pine chips, and mixtures of both residues contain phytotoxic components capable of inhibiting germination and vegetative growth in plants. Solid-state cultures of Phanerochate flavido-alba on pine chips or mixtures of both residues reduce these phytotoxic effects in fermented substrates. The phenol and lipid contents in cultures detoxified by this fungus also decreases. 相似文献
247.
Xu Q Barrios CA Cutright T Newby BM 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2005,12(5):278-284
- Goal, Scope, Background. The traditional solution for keeping unwanted organisms from attaching to submerged surfaces is to
apply anti-fouling coatings. The most common antifoulant was tributyltin (TBT). TBT systems were highly effective but were
also toxic to non-target organisms. The use of the TBT based coatings will be completely banned by January 1, 2008. Therefore,
there is an urgent need to seek out suitable non-toxic alternatives.
Methods The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of capsaicin and zosteric acid as natural product antifoulants (NPAs)
in deterring bacterial attachment. Two fresh water bacteria systems Pseudomonas putida (Pp) and bacteria isolated from Lake
Erie (LE) were used to assess the attachment when the NPAs dispersed in the water. Effectiveness was ascertained based on
the decrease in microbial attachment, limited toxicity, and minimum alteration of the coatings properties.
Results and Discussion A significant inhibition of bacteria attachment was achieved when aqueous capsaicin concentration was increased from 0 to
40 mg/L. For instance, after 14 days the LE system depicted 93.5% and 98.5% less biofilm coverage for 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L
capsaicin, respectively when compared to systems without NPA. Biofilm coverage was reduced by 92.5% and 98.2%, respectively
with 50 mg/L and 500 mg/L zosteric acid.
Conclusions Both capsaicin and zosteric acid was effective at preventing bacteria attachment. As the NPA aqueous concentration increased,
biofilm formation decreased. Evaluating changes in aqueous pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, aqueous microbial population
and biofilm formation suggested that the primary antifoulant mechanism of these two NPAs was to block the bacteria's active
sites versus posing a lethal level.
Recommendation and Perspective From the attachment study, zosteric acid appeared to be more effective in preventing bacterial attachment when the NPAs were
dispersed in the aqueous environment. For practical applications, the antifoulant needs to be incorporated into a coating
and have a slow release rate. Thus the ability to successfully incorporate zosteric acid into a coating, without deterring
bacterial attachment, needs to be investigated. 相似文献
249.
Tejedor MT Cenarro A Tejedor D Stef M Palacios L de Castro I García-Otín AL Monteagudo LV Civeira F Pocovi M 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2011,98(11):943-949
Variations in the gene encoding the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) can cause familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), one of the most common inherited metabolic disorders in humans. The functional
effects of the p.Gln92Glu and p.Asn564His alterations are predicted as benign, but the c.313 + 1G>C and p.Lys799_Phe801del
changes are believed to cause disease. Although p.Gln92Glu and c.313 + 1G>C have been observed only in Spain, p.Asn564His
and p.Lys799_Phe801del are widespread in Western Europe. In order to estimate the ages (t generations) of these four variants of the gene, to determine their possible origin and to consider the influence of age
and selective pressure on their spread, we analyzed 86 healthy individuals and 126 FH patients in Spain. Most of the FH patients
investigated carried two of these four LDLR variants simultaneously, while only one patient carried three of them simultaneously. Haplotype analyses were based on five
LDLR SNPs: c.81T>C, c.1413G>A, c.1725C>T, c.1959T>C and c.2232G>A. The results suggest that p.Gln92Glu and c.313 + 1G>C arose
at about the same time (99 and 103 generations ago, respectively) in the CACTG haplotype and that p.Asn564His and p.Lys799_Phe801del
appeared in the CGCCG haplotype and might be slightly more recent variations (92 and 95 generations ago, respectively). Low
selective pressures could explain the maintenance of these variants in spite of their ages. The origin of p.Gln92Glu and c.313 + 1G>C
appears to be in Spain whereas p.Asn564His and p.Lys799_Phe801del could have been introduced in Spain by Celtic migrations
in the seventh to fifth centuries BC. 相似文献
250.
Amphoteric surfactants form part of specialty surfactants available for formulators to improve or design new formulations in response to environmental, toxicity, safety and performance demands. Nevertheless, limited information on the ecological properties of amphoterics is available. In the present work, the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability and the aquatic toxicity of different types of amphoteric surfactants (three alkyl betaines, one alkylamido betaine and three alkyl imidazoline derivatives) were studied. The amphoteric surfactants tested were readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions (CO(2) headspace test) and alkylamido betaines and alkyl imidazoline derivatives were also easily biodegradable under anaerobic conditions (test based on the ECETOC method). Toxicity to Photobacterium phosphoreum and Daphnia magna increased with the fatty chain length of the surfactant. The EC(50) toxicity values of the amphoterics tested were higher than 5 mg/L, and alkyl imidazoline derivatives, with EC(50) values from 20 to >200 mg/L, showed the lowest aquatic toxicity. 相似文献