全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23255篇 |
免费 | 269篇 |
国内免费 | 140篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 666篇 |
废物处理 | 1028篇 |
环保管理 | 3288篇 |
综合类 | 3693篇 |
基础理论 | 6435篇 |
环境理论 | 15篇 |
污染及防治 | 5970篇 |
评价与监测 | 1466篇 |
社会与环境 | 954篇 |
灾害及防治 | 149篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 157篇 |
2021年 | 161篇 |
2019年 | 156篇 |
2018年 | 295篇 |
2017年 | 310篇 |
2016年 | 479篇 |
2015年 | 358篇 |
2014年 | 542篇 |
2013年 | 1841篇 |
2012年 | 696篇 |
2011年 | 979篇 |
2010年 | 768篇 |
2009年 | 772篇 |
2008年 | 964篇 |
2007年 | 1028篇 |
2006年 | 906篇 |
2005年 | 757篇 |
2004年 | 737篇 |
2003年 | 738篇 |
2002年 | 687篇 |
2001年 | 818篇 |
2000年 | 615篇 |
1999年 | 369篇 |
1998年 | 297篇 |
1997年 | 312篇 |
1996年 | 312篇 |
1995年 | 365篇 |
1994年 | 338篇 |
1993年 | 316篇 |
1992年 | 312篇 |
1991年 | 303篇 |
1990年 | 318篇 |
1989年 | 296篇 |
1988年 | 261篇 |
1987年 | 257篇 |
1986年 | 242篇 |
1985年 | 215篇 |
1984年 | 271篇 |
1983年 | 235篇 |
1982年 | 294篇 |
1981年 | 242篇 |
1980年 | 198篇 |
1979年 | 214篇 |
1978年 | 188篇 |
1977年 | 163篇 |
1975年 | 151篇 |
1974年 | 168篇 |
1973年 | 164篇 |
1972年 | 152篇 |
1971年 | 155篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 693 毫秒
951.
Environmental distribution conflicts (EDCs) related to the construction and operation of waste incinerators have become commonplace in China. This article presents a detailed case study of citizen opposition to an incinerator in the village of Panguanying, Hebei Province. Drawing on in-depth fieldwork, we show how this case was notable, because it transcended the local arena to raise bigger questions about environmental justice, particularly in relation to public participation in siting decisions, after villagers exposed fraudulent public consultation in the environmental impact assessment. An informal network between villagers and urban environmental activists formed, enabling the Panguanying case to exert influence far beyond the village locality. This network was critical in creating wider public debate about uneven power and substandard public participation in siting disputes, a central feature in many Chinese EDCs. By transcending local specificities and exposing broader, systemic inadequacies, this case became instrumental in supporting “strong sustainability”. 相似文献
952.
Erik Jeppesen Martin Appelt Kirsten Hastrup Bjarne Grønnow Anders Mosbech John P. Smol Thomas A. Davidson 《Ambio》2018,47(2):296-309
Based on lake sediment data, archaeological findings, and historical records, we describe rapid transformations, resilience and resistance in societies and ecosystems, and their interactions in the past in the North Water area related to changes in climate and historical events. Examples are the formation of the polynya itself and the early arrival of people, ca. 4500 years ago, and later major human immigrations (different societies, cultural encounters, or abandonment) from other regions in the Arctic. While the early immigrations had relatively modest and localised effect on the ecosystem, the later-incoming culture in the early thirteenth century was marked by extensive migrations into and out of the area and abrupt shifts in hunting technologies. This has had long-lasting consequences for the local lake ecosystems. Large natural transformations in the ecosystems have also occurred over relatively short time periods related to changes in the polynya. Finally, we discuss the future perspectives for the North Water area given the many threats, but also opportunities. 相似文献
953.
Anders Mosbech Kasper Lambert Johansen Thomas A. Davidson Martin Appelt Bjarne Grønnow Christine Cuyler Peter Lyngs Janne Flora 《Ambio》2018,47(2):226-243
The little auk is the most numerous seabird in the North Atlantic and its most important breeding area is the eastern shores of the North Water polynya. Here, a population of an estimated 33 million pairs breeds in huge colonies and significantly shapes the ecosystem. Archaeological remains in the colonies document that the little auk has been harvested over millennia. Anthropological research discloses how the little auk has a role both as social engineer and as a significant resource for the Inughuit today. The hunting can be practiced without costly equipment, and has no gender and age discrimination in contrast to the dominant hunt for marine mammals. Little auks are ecological engineers in the sense that they transport vast amounts of nutrients from sea to land, where the nutrients are deposited as guano. Here, the fertilized vegetation provides important foraging opportunities for hares, geese, fox, reindeer, and the introduced muskox. We estimate that the relative muskox density is ten times higher within 1 km of little auk fertilized vegetation hotspots. 相似文献
954.
Jean-Baptiste E. Thomas Jonas Nordström Emma Risén Maria E. Malmström Fredrik Gröndahl 《Ambio》2018,47(4):398-409
Efforts are on the way on the Swedish West Coast to develop the capacity for cultivation of marine resources, notably of kelps. Given that this is a region of great natural and national heritage, public opposition to marine developments has been identified as a possible risk factor. This survey thus sought to shed light on awareness levels, perceptions of different types of aquaculture and on reactions to a scenario depicting future aquaculture developments on the West Coast. When asked about their general opinions of aquaculture, respondents tended to be favourable though a majority chose neutral responses. On the whole, respondents were favourable to the depicted scenario. Finally, it was found that the high-awareness group tended to be more supportive than the low or medium-awareness groups, hinting at the benefits of increasing awareness to reduce public aversion and to support a sustainable development of aquaculture on the Swedish West Coast. 相似文献
955.
Estelle Lefrançois Laure Apothéloz-Perret-Gentil Philippe Blancher Samuel Botreau Cécile Chardon Laura Crepin Tristan Cordier Arielle Cordonier Isabelle Domaizon Benoit J. D. Ferrari Julie Guéguen Jean-Christophe Hustache Louis Jacas Stephan Jacquet Sonia Lacroix Anne-Laurence Mazenq Alina Pawlowska Pascal Perney Jan Pawlowski Frédéric Rimet Jean-François Rubin Dominique Trevisan Régis Vivien Agnès Bouchez 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(34):33858-33866
The effectiveness of environmental protection measures is based on the early identification and diagnosis of anthropogenic pressures. Similarly, restoration actions require precise monitoring of changes in the ecological quality of ecosystems, in order to highlight their effectiveness. Monitoring the ecological quality relies on bioindicators, which are organisms revealing the pressures exerted on the environment through the composition of their communities. Their implementation, based on the morphological identification of species, is expensive because it requires time and experts in taxonomy. Recent genomic tools should provide access to reliable and high-throughput environmental monitoring by directly inferring the composition of bioindicators’ communities from their DNA (metabarcoding). The French-Swiss program SYNAQUA (INTERREG France-Switzerland 2017–2019) proposes to use and validate the tools of environmental genomic for biomonitoring and aims ultimately at their implementation in the regulatory bio-surveillance. SYNAQUA will test the metabarcoding approach focusing on two bioindicators, diatoms, and aquatic oligochaetes, which are used in freshwater biomonitoring in France and Switzerland. To go towards the renewal of current biomonitoring practices, SYNAQUA will (1) bring together different actors: scientists, environmental managers, consulting firms, and biotechnological companies, (2) apply this approach on a large scale to demonstrate its relevance, (3) propose robust and reliable tools, and (4) raise public awareness and train the various actors likely to use these new tools. Biomonitoring approaches based on such environmental genomic tools should address the European need for reliable, higher-throughput monitoring to improve the protection of aquatic environments under multiple pressures, guide their restoration, and follow their evolution. 相似文献
956.
Korie A. Hickel Aaron Dotson Timothy K. Thomas Mia Heavener Jack Hébert John A. Warren 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(33):32873-32880
Forty-two communities in rural Alaska are considered unserved or underserved with water and sewer infrastructure. Many challenges exist to provide centralized piped water and sewer infrastructure to the homes, and they are exacerbated by decreasing capital funding. Unserved communities in rural Alaska experience higher rates of disease, supporting the recommendation that sanitation infrastructure should be provided. Organizations are pursuing alternative solutions to conventional piped water and sewer in order to maximize water use and reuse for public health. This paper reviews initiatives led by the State of Alaska, the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, and the Yukon Kuskokwim Health Corporation to identify and develop potential long-term solutions appropriate and acceptable to rural communities. Future developments will likely evolve based on the lessons learned from the initiatives. Recommendations include Alaska-specific research needs, increased end-user participation in the design process, and integrated monitoring, evaluation, and information dissemination in future efforts. 相似文献
957.
Charlotte R. Dromard Mathilde Guéné Yolande Bouchon-Navaro Soazig Lemoine Sébastien Cordonnier Claude Bouchon 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(15):14294-14301
Chlordecone is an organochlorine pesticide, used in the Lesser Antilles from 1972 to 1993 to fight against a banana weevil. That molecule is very persistent in the natural environment and ends up in the sea with runoff waters. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the level of contamination in several trophic groups of marine animals according to their distance from the source of pollution. Samples of suspended matter, macroalgae, herbivorous fishes, detrivorous crustaceans, zooplanktivorous fishes, first- and second-order of carnivorous fishes, and piscivorous fishes have been collected in two sites, located downstream the contaminated sites (Goyave and Petit-Bourg), in three marine habitats (coastal mangroves, seagrass beds located 1.5 km from the shoreline, and coral reefs at 3 km offshore). Animals collected in mangroves were the most contaminated (mean concentrations 193 μg kg?1 in Goyave and 213 μg kg?1 in Petit-Bourg). Samples from seagrass beds presented intermediate concentrations of chlordecone (85 μg kg?1 in Goyave and 107 μg kg?1 in Petit-Bourg). Finally, samples from coral reefs were the less contaminated (71 μg kg?1 in Goyave and 74 μg kg?1 in Petit-Bourg). Reef samples, collected 3 km offshore, were two to three times less contaminated than those collected in mangroves. 相似文献
958.
Metal pollution in aquatic systems is considered a serious environmental issue globally due to their ability to accumulate in aquatic environments. Wetlands are vulnerable to this pollution as they are known to trap toxins, removing them from the water. Artificial mussel technology, originally developed for marine environments, was applied to this freshwater system and spot water samples were collected. The Nyl River floodplain (Ramsar classified) is one of the largest and most ecologically significant wetlands in South Africa. The aims of this study were to determine metal contamination along the Nyl River system by means of artificial mussels (AM) and water ICP-MS analysis and to determine whether the use of AMs in conjunction with spot water testing could give more insight into the pollution in freshwater wetlands. The concentrations of Al, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined at seven sites. It was determined that the levels accumulated by the AMs differed in spatial and temporal trends when compared to spot water samples. It was determined that there were high levels of some metals found in the spot water tests that were not corroborated by the AMs results, which could indicate isolated pollution events. The use of AMs in conjunction with spot water testing was determined to be beneficial in gaining deeper insight into water metal conditions in dynamic freshwater systems. 相似文献
959.
James Silvanima Andy Woeber Stephanie Sunderman-Barnes Rick Copeland Christopher Sedlacek Thomas Seal 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(7):435
Current wastewater treatment technologies do not remove many unregulated hydrophilic compounds, and there is growing interest that low levels of these compounds, referred to as emerging contaminants, may impact human health and the environment. A probabilistic-designed monitoring network was employed to infer the extent of Florida’s ambient freshwaters containing the wastewater (Includes reuse water, septic systems leachate, and wastewater treatment effluent.) indicators sucralose, acetaminophen, carbamazepine, and primidone and those containing the widely used pesticide imidacloprid. Extent estimates with 95% confidence bounds are provided for canals, rivers, streams, small and large lakes, and unconfined aquifers containing ultra-trace concentrations of these compounds as based on analyses of 2015 sample surveys utilizing 528 sites. Sucralose is estimated to occur in greater than 50% of the canal, river, stream, and large lake resource extents. The pharmaceuticals acetaminophen, carbamazepine, and primidone are most prevalent in rivers, with approximately 30% of river kilometers estimated to contain at least one of these compounds. Imidacloprid is estimated to occur in 50% or greater of the canal and river resource extents, and it is the only compound found to exceed published toxicity or environmental effects standards. Geospatial analyses show sucralose detection frequencies within Florida’s drainage basins to be significantly related to the percentage of urban land use (R2?=?0.36, p?<?0.001), and imidacloprid detection frequencies to be significantly related to the percentage of urban and agricultural land use (R2?=?0.47, p?<?0.001). The extent of the presence of these compounds highlights the need for additional emerging contaminant studies especially those examining effects on aquatic biota. 相似文献
960.
R L Jat Pramod Jha M L Dotaniya B L Lakaria I Rashmi B P Meena A O Shirale A L Meena 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(7):439
Selection of appropriate residue application method is essential for better use of biomass for soil and environmental health improvement. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted for 75 days to investigate C and N mineralization of residues of soybean (Glycine max L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) placed on the soil surface and incorporated into the soil. The residue of soybean and chickpea had a greater decomposition rate than that of maize and wheat, despite of their placements. Higher rate of decomposition of the residue of soybean and chickpea was recorded when it was kept on the soil surface while soil incorporation of residue of wheat and maize resulted in faster decomposition. Therefore, these findings could be used as guidelines for management of crop residue application in farmland to improve soil and environmental quality. 相似文献