Impact of work boots and load carriage on the gait of oil rig workers

Effects of work boots and load carriage (6.4?kg and 12.8?kg) on gait pattern were investigated. The protective work boots were examined by comparison with running shoes through human performance tests with 15 male participants. The loads were carried symmetrically and asymmetrically on the shoulder and hand. Statistical data analysis showed a prolonged stance phase and decreased double support for work boots. A significantly increased ground reaction force was found in work boot conditions as the weight of loads increases. This study demonstrates that inflexible and heavy work boots restrict foot movement and require greater torque at the ankle to propel the body forward, which may increase physical strain and the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Development of improved fixation methods for work boots, increased use of flexible protective layers and further study of anthropometry of human foot morphology for improved safety and work efficiency of industry workers are suggested.     

从粉煤灰中提取多种微细氧化物的研究

将粉煤灰与Na2CO3按一定的比例混合后焙烧,采用酸碱联合法提取粉煤灰中氧化硅、氧化铝和氧化铁,分析了工艺条件对粉煤灰中氧化物提取率的影响。实验结果表明,从粉煤灰中提取氧化物的最佳条件是:碳酸钠与粉煤灰的比例0.6∶1.0,焙烧温度850℃、盐酸浓度4 mol/L,氢氧化钠浓度2.6 mol/L,浸取时间约6 h。在此条件下得出微细氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化铁的晶体,其平均粒度分别为氧化硅1.107μm,氧化铝1.334μm,氧化铁0.783μm。     

油田作业人员安全培训的信息化管理

1 问题的提出 胜利油田各培训机构多年来为油田培养了大批的专业人才。但是,目前安全教育培训仍然采用传统的面对面的教学管理方式,培训计划、培训人员、办班情况、培训内容、成绩单等信息均采用人工记录,上报安全处、劳资处等管理部门的材料还是采用传统的纸质材料,工作效率受到限制。     

离子膜制碱生产中电解槽氯气泄漏分析及对策

分析了离子膜制碱生产过程中电解槽氢气泄漏的原因,提出了应急处置方法和预防控制措施.     

浅析生态厕所在旅游业中的发展应用

鉴于水资源日益短缺,自然环境脆弱的实际情况,同时为了突破制约旅游业发展的"旅游厕所"这一瓶颈,坚持使用高科技、节能环保的生态厕所技术,以确保旅游业持续、快速、健康的发展.由于并非每一种生态环保厕所技术都适用于旅游业.文章从对现有的生态厕所进行技术归类、分析、总结,提出了适应于旅游业发展的生态厕所技术类型以及适用场所,并进一步指出现有生态厕所在应用中存在的一些技术问题.     

兰州市循环经济型生态城市建设探讨

生态城市建设是城市持续健康发展的重要途径,建立城市循环经济体系是生态城市建设的必由之路。文章对循环经济和生态城市的内涵与本质进行了探讨,对兰州市循环经济理念下的城市生态建设的背景和必要性进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了诸如加强政府的政策导向、行为示范的主导作用、优化兰州城市产业结构,促进经济发展、建立生态工业园区、加强污染治理,改善城市生态环境等一些对策和建议,以促进兰州市循环经济型生态城市建设的快速发展。     

鞍山市环境空气中PM10、PM2.5污染特征研究

文章对鞍山市环境空气中细颗粒物（PM2.5）、可吸入颗粒物（PM10）季节性变化及月变化污染特征进行分析,不同季节的PM2.5、PM10变化趋势均为夏季〈秋季〈春季〈冬季;PM2.5、PM10的月均质量浓度按高低顺序分别为：12月〉1月〉11月〉2月〉10月〉4月〉3月〉7月〉8月〉6月〉5月〉9月和1月〉12月〉3月〉4月〉2月〉10月〉11月〉5月〉6月〉7月〉8月〉9月。同时,分析了ρ（PM2.5）对ρ（PM10）的贡献率,全年的ρ（PM2.5）/ρ（PM10）平均值为57.8%,结果表明,在PM10中,PM2.5的含量要大于PM2.5-10的含量。     

Allelopathic inhibition on red tide microalgae Skeletonema costatum by five macroalgal extracts

This study aims to identify effective antialgal allelochemicals from marine macroalgae that inhibit the growth of red tide microalgae. Practically, new algicidal agents were developed to control red tide. The growth inhibitory effects of 5 marine macroalgae Porphyra tenera, Laminaria japonica, Ulva pertusa, Enteromorpha clathrata, and Undaria pinnatifida on Skeletonema costatum were evaluated by adding crude seawater extracts of macroalgal dry tissue into the culture medium containing S. costatum. The half-effective concentrations at 120 h (EC_{50, 120 h}) of the seawater extracts were 0.6, 0.9, 1.0, 1.0, and 4.7 g/L for the five macroalgae above, respectively. E. clathrata, L. japonica and U. pertusa showed strong allelopathic effect on the growth of S. costatum. There have been no previous reports with regard to the allelopathic effects of the former two macroalgae so far. The possible allelochemicals of 21 compounds of the E. clathrata were detected using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Unsaturated fatty acids, acrylic acid (C₃H₄O₂), and linolenic acid (C₁₈H₃₀O₂) were the most likely allelochemicals in E. clathrata.     

我国南方水利设施遭受冰灾的表现形式及防灾对策探讨

目前国内外针对水利设施遭受冰冻灾害的研究还很不活跃,获得的成果还不系统。本文系统分析总结2008年我国南方遭受罕见雪灾导致水利设施的损害情况,以及这些水利设施在极端冰灾影响下的破坏形式,进而提出了一系列有关南方水利设施遭遇极端雪灾的对策,以适应将来积极防灾减灾的需要。     

论我国自然灾害应急机制的完善——由2008年南方冰雪灾害引发的思考

经过几年的努力,我国自然灾害应急机制的建设取得了很大的成绩,但2008年伊始的一场冰雪灾害却暴露了我国自然灾害应急机制存在的诸多问题。因此,必须从灾害预警、灾害信息公布、灾害自救、应对突发事件的组织体制和有关应急预案、法律法规的落实等方面对我国自然灾害应急机制加以完善。