Natural resources,population aging,and environmental quality: analyzing the role of green technologies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Depletion of natural resources and population aging are the two most critical challenges for environmental sustainability. However, the research that...     

秸秆还田配施石灰对酸性水稻土有机碳及碳库管理指数的影响

为探明稻秆还田配施石灰对酸性水稻土有机碳库的影响,于广东省白云区和惠阳区开展田间试验,设置常规施肥（CK）、秸秆还田+常规施肥（RS）和秸秆还田配施石灰+常规施肥（RS+L）这3个处理,分析了土壤总有机碳（TOC）、水溶性有机碳（DOC）、活性有机碳（LOC）、颗粒态有机碳（POC）、微生物量碳（MBC）、碳库指数（CPI）、稳定性有机碳（IOC）、碳库活度（L）、碳库活度指数（CPAI）和碳库管理指数（CPMI）的变化.结果表明,与CK相比,RS+L处理显著提高TOC、LOC、POC和MBC含量,增幅分别为10.24%~17.79%、34.49%~44.37%、19.27%~23.59%和33.36%~43.26%（P<0.05）.与CK相比,RS+L处理显著提高水稻生长前期（移栽后15~45 d期间）的DOC含量（P<0.05）,但对水稻生长后期的DOC无显著影响.RS+L较RS处理的TOC、LOC、POC和MBC分别提高了2.15%~6.95%、1.17%~17.90%、4.27%~8.65%和12.99%~14.53%.与CK相比,RS+L处理显著提高IOC和CPI,其增幅分别为8.32%~15.57%和14.00%~20.00%（P<0.05）.RS较CK处理显著提高CPI,其增幅为14.00%~18.00%（P<0.05）.不同处理间的L、CPAI和CPMI差异不显著.RS+L处理的土壤pH值显著高于CK处理（P<0.05）.不同处理间的水稻产量无差异.主成分分析结果表明,水稻产量主要与DOC、LOC、CPAI和CPMI相关,但对土壤有机碳和碳库管理指数变化的贡献率较低.主成分分析还表明,秸秆还田配施石灰通过改善酸性水稻土的pH值和养分含量,驱动MBC和POC等有机碳组分的形成和积累,促进SOC的提升.综上,秸秆还田配施石灰有利于酸性水稻土MBC、POC、LOC和IOC等有机碳组分的积累,从而提高土壤总有机碳含量和稳定性,是提升酸性水稻土固碳减排功能的有效途径.     

Preface

Anthropogenic emissions impact significantly the atmospheric environment which human being relies on, e.g., global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, photochemical smog, acid rain, haze and so on. Although clean air actions have been legislated by many nations to mitigate pollutants＇ emission with the aim of protecting the atmospheric environment, serious air pollution events are frequently observed in different regions, especially in developing countries. To best evaluate the effect of various control measures as well as the influence of various pollutants on the atmospheric environment, the levels, sources and sinks of the pollutants are needed to be comprehensively investigated. Since atmospheric environment involves multidisciplinary approach, scientists with different disciplines together can provide profound understandings about the atmospheric environmental problems. Sino-French Workshop on Atmospheric Environment is just one of such platforms to join scientists together for collaboration, exchange of experience and ideas.     

基于OMI数据的青岛市酸沉降通量估算

针对地面监测点位过少,不能满足大区域范围土壤酸沉降通量研究需求的现状,建立了基于OMI痕量气体遥感数据和地面观测数据的区域酸沉降通量估算方法,并对青岛市硫元素和氮元素沉降通量进行了估算。结果表明,新方法能够实现大区域范围土壤酸沉降通量的估算。与传统估算方法相比,新方法采用大气痕量气体遥感监测数据,是对酸沉降通量常规研究手段的有益补充。     

Characteristics and anthropogenic sources of carbonyl sulfide in Beijing

Atmospheric mixing ratios of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in Beijing were intensively measured from March 2011 to June 2013. COS mixing ratios exhibited distinct seasonal variation, with a maximum average value of 849 ± 477 pptv in winter and a minimal value of 372 ± 115 pptv in summer. The seasonal variation of COS was mainly ascribed to the combined effects of vegetation uptake and anthropogenic emissions. Two types of significant linear correlations (R² > 0.66) were found between COS and CO during the periods from May to June and from October to March, with slopes (ΔCOS/ΔCO) of 0.72 and 0.14 pptv/ppbv, respectively. Based on the emission ratios of COS/CO from various sources, the dominant anthropogenic sources of COS in Beijing were found to be vehicle tire wear in summer and coal burning in winter. The total anthropogenic emission of COS in Beijing was roughly estimated as 0.53 ± 0.02 Gg/year based on the local CO emission inventory and the ΔCOS/ΔCO ratios.     

Characteristics and anthropogenic sources of carbonyl sulfide in Beijing

Atmospheric mixing ratios of carbonyl sulfide(COS) in Beijing were intensively measured from March 2011 to June 2013. COS mixing ratios exhibited distinct seasonal variation, with a maximum average value of 849 ± 477 pptv in winter and a minimal value of 372 ± 115 pptv in summer. The seasonal variation of COS was mainly ascribed to the combined effects of vegetation uptake and anthropogenic emissions. Two types of significant linear correlations(R2 0.66) were found between COS and CO during the periods from May to June and from October to March, with slopes(ΔCOS/ΔCO) of 0.72 and 0.14 pptv/ppbv, respectively. Based on the emission ratios of COS/CO from various sources, the dominant anthropogenic sources of COS in Beijing were found to be vehicle tire wear in summer and coal burning in winter. The total anthropogenic emission of COS in Beijing was roughly estimated as 0.53 ± 0.02 Gg/year based on the local CO emission inventory and the ΔCOS/ΔCO ratios.     

A Spatially Explicit Model for Mapping Headwater Streams

Headwater streams are the primary sources of water in a drainage network and serve as a critical hydrologic link between the surrounding landscape and larger, downstream surface waters. Many states, including North Carolina, regulate activity in and near headwater streams for the protection of water quality and aquatic resources. A fundamental tool for regulatory management is an accurate representation of streams on a map. Limited resources preclude field mapping every headwater stream and its origin across a large region. It is more practical to develop a model for headwater streams based on a sample of field data that can then be extrapolated to a larger area of interest. The North Carolina Division of Water Quality has developed a cost‐effective method for modeling and mapping the location, length, and flow classification (intermittent and perennial) of headwater streams. We used a multiple logistic regression approach that combined field data and terrain derivatives for watersheds located in the Triassic Basins ecoregion. Field data were collected using a standard methodology for identifying headwater streams and origins. Terrain derivatives were generated from digital elevation models interpolated from bare‐earth Light Detection and Range data. Model accuracies greater than 80% were achieved in classifying stream presence and absence, stream length and perennial stream length, but were not as consistent in predicting intermittent stream length.     

Short-term effects of real-time individual fine particulate matter exposure on lung function: a panel study in Zhuhai,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is still the primary air pollutant in most Chinese cities and its adverse effects on lung function have been widely...     

Classification technology of domestic waste from 2000 to 2019: a bibliometrics-based review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Waste classification is to reduce solid waste and its associated environmental pollution. This paper applied bibliometrics to assess publications...