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481.
482.
ZHANG Jian-ying QIU Li-min HE Jia LIAO Yuan LUO Yong-ming College of Environmental Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. Soil Environment Bioremediation Research Center Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,(3)
A total of 198 agricultural soil samples were collected from Zhangjiagang and Changshu in Southern Jiangsu for analysis of 13 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in order to assess the levels of pollution, sources, area distribution, and potential risk for the environment. All methods were rigorously tested and an adequate quality control was ensured. Only one site had no PCBs residues, and the highest total PCBs concentration in the surface soils was 32.83 ng/g. The average concentration in all the soil samples was 4.13 ng/g, signaling low-level pollution. Tetra-, penta-, and hexa-chlorinated biphenyls were dominant species in soil samples, accounting for more than 75% ofΣPCBs in the soil samples. PCB118 was the most abundant congener in all the samples. The PCB118 was about 20% ofΣPCBs. The soil organic matter content showed only a weak correlation with the levels of all PCB congeners, in which a better correlation was noted for the more volatile lighter PCB congeners than for the heavier homologues. To a certain extent, the sources and land use seemed to influence the levels of PCBs. 相似文献
483.
A. Raman 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1967,54(21):560-560
484.
区域环境质量综合评价的一种方法——Fuzzy概率法 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
本文应用Fuzzy概率原理,在对区域环境内各单项污染指标进行分级评价的基础上,考虑各单项污染指标在总体中的权重,并综合各单项污染指标的作用,给出区域环境内环境“总”质量的综合评价。 相似文献
485.
本报告介绍DDT经金属对处理后降解产物的分析鉴定和有关反应机制的初步研究。 降解产物主要是用气相色谱—质谱联用分析鉴定的。水溶液中的DDT用Cu-Zn金属对还原其降解产物经鉴定是DDD、DDMS、DDE_t,它们是DDT分子脱去烷基碳原子上不同数目的氯原子的产物。而在Cu-Fe金属对作用下,水溶液中的DDT的还原则是同时得到四种不同类型的产物。它们是DDT脱去烷基碳原子上的1个和3个氯原子的DDD和DDE_t;DDT脱氯、氧化产物DBP和DBH;DDT脱去HCI生成的DDE;两个DDT分子二聚脱氯的产物TTTB和TTDB。 实验证明金属对对DDT的作用是催化还原反应,金属对起着催化剂和还原剂双重作用。通过实验结果对DDT在金属对作用下的反应机制进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
486.
Distribution of actinomycetes in oil contaminated ultisols of the Niger Delta (Nigeria) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J.P.Essien 《环境科学学报》2000,12(3):296-302
The distribution of actinomycetes in oil contaminated sandy loam ultisols of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was studied to aid in understanding the effect of hydrocarbons on indigenous microbial population in tropical soils. The average total counts of actinomycetes in all the oil samples analysed was 103 cfu/g. Higher counts of actinomycetes were observed during the dry season than during the wet season. The counts of hydrocarbonoclastic actinomycetes correlated positively with the total count of actinomycetes.The actinomycetes were generally restricted to the top soil(0-10 cm soil depth) although a seemingly deeper(down to 40 cm soil depth) distribution was noticed in the dry season. The isolates included oil degrading species of Actinoplanes, Norcadia,Streptomyces and Streptosporangium. Their high oil utilization ability indicates their positive potential and role in the bioremediation of oil-spilled soils. 相似文献
487.
Li Yongmei Li Wenshu Gu Guowei 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(4):493-497
Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the promotive effect of pyridine on indole degradation under denitrifying
conditions. The seed sludge was obtained from a local coal-coking wastewater treatment facility and was acclimated in the
laboratory. Indole and pyridine were supplemented to the synthetic wastewater at different ratios. The optimum ratio of chemical
oxygen demand (COD) to nitrate (C/N) was 8.4–8.9 for both denitrification and indole and pyridine degradation. At a temperature
of 28°C and pH of 7.0–7.5, the nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was in the best state. The addition of pyridine could promote
NRA and the degradation of indole. When the initial concentration of indole was 150 mg/L, the concentration ratio of indole
to pyridine was in the range of 1–10. Under optimum C/N conditions, the degradation of indole could be described with pseudo-zero-order
kinetics. There was no accumulation of nitrite during the reaction. When the concentration ratio of pyridine to indole was
less than 0.25 with an increase in the pyridine proportion, there were more significant augment rates for NRA and the degradation
of indole than the situation when the concentration ratio was more than 0.25.
__________
Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(2): 300–304 [译自: 环境科学] 相似文献
488.
489.
Supplementing the nutrient requirement of crops through organic manures plays a key role in sustaining soil fertility, and crop productivity and reducing use of fossil fuels. Field experiments were conducted for 2 years at two different locations (i.e. Lucknow and Pantnagar) in Uttar Pradesh, India. The objectives of the study were to assess the herb and essential oil yields of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis cv. Hy 77), and its nutrient accumulation under single and combined applications of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers (NPK). Changes in physical and chemical characteristics of the soils (Fluvisols, Mollisols) were also determined. Eight treatments comprising different combinations of NPK through inorganic fertilizers and farm yard manure (FYM) were compared. The distilled waste of mint after extraction of essential oil was recycled to soils in the plots to supplement the nutritional requirement of the succeeding mustard crop (Brassica juncea cv. Pusa Bold). Herb and essential oil yield of mint were significantly higher with combined application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients as compared to single applications. Accumulation of N and P was at par under full inorganic and combined supply whereas, K accumulation was higher with the former. Soil organic C and pH after harvest of mint did not significantly differ among the treatments, but the level of mineralizable N, Olsen-P and NH4OAc extractable K were higher in soil with integrated supply of nutrients. Significant increase in soil water stable aggregates, organic C, available NPK and microbial biomass, and decrease in soil bulk density were observed with waste recycling over fertilizer application. These benefits were reflected in the seed and stubble yield of mustard which succeeded mint. This study indicates that combined application of inorganic fertilizers with organics helps in increasing the availability of nutrients and crop yield and provides a significant effect to the succeeding crop. Similarly, recycling crop residues reduces the need for fossil fuel based fertilizer, and helps in sustaining and restoring soil fertility in terms of available nutrients and major physical and chemical characteristics of the soil. 相似文献
490.