Hg0 removal from flue gas over different zeolites modified by FeCl3

The elemental mercury removal abilities of three different zeolites(Na A, Na X, HZSM-5)impregnated with iron(Ⅲ) chloride were studied on a lab-scale fixed-bed reactor. X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption porosimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature programmed desorption(TPD) analyses were used to investigate the physicochemical properties. Results indicated that the pore structure and active chloride species on the surface of the samples are the key factors for physisorption and oxidation of Hg0, respectively. Relatively high surface area and micropore volume are beneficial to efficient mercury adsorption. The active Cl species generated on the surface of the samples were effective oxidants able to convert elemental mercury(Hg0)into oxidized mercury(Hg2+). The crystallization of Na Cl due to the ion exchange effect during the impregnation of Na A and Na X reduced the number of active Cl species on the surface, and restricted the physisorption of Hg0. Therefore, the Hg0 removal efficiencies of the samples were inhibited. The TPD analysis revealed that the species of mercury on the surface of Fe Cl3–HZSM-5 was mainly in the form of mercuric chloride(Hg Cl2), while on Fe Cl3–Na X and Fe Cl3–Na A it was mainly mercuric oxide(Hg O).     

Heterogeneous uptake of nitrogen dioxide on Chinese mineral dust

Mineral dust is one of the major aerosols in the atmosphere. To assess its impact on trace atmospheric gases, in this work we present a laboratory study of the effect of temperature on the heterogeneous reaction of NO₂ on the surface of ambient Chinese dust over the temperature range from 258 to 313 K. The results suggest that nitrogen dioxide could mainly be adsorbed on these types of Chinese mineral dust reversibly with little temperature dependence. Similar to a previous study on NO₂ uptake on mineral aerosols, the uptake coefficients are mainly on the order of 10^− 6 for the Chinese dust, when BET areas are taken into account. HONO was observed as a product, and its formation and decomposition on Chinese mineral dust during the uptake processes were also studied. The complete dataset from this study was compiled with previous literature determinations. Atmospheric implications of the heterogeneous reaction between NO₂ and mineral dust are also discussed, in an effort to understand this important heterogeneous process.     

Hg removal from flue gas over different zeolites modified by FeCl3

The elemental mercury removal abilities of three different zeolites (NaA, NaX, HZSM-5) impregnated with iron(III) chloride were studied on a lab-scale fixed-bed reactor. X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption porosimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) analyses were used to investigate the physicochemical properties. Results indicated that the pore structure and active chloride species on the surface of the samples are the key factors for physisorption and oxidation of Hg⁰, respectively. Relatively high surface area and micropore volume are beneficial to efficient mercury adsorption. The active Cl species generated on the surface of the samples were effective oxidants able to convert elemental mercury (Hg⁰) into oxidized mercury (Hg^2 +). The crystallization of NaCl due to the ion exchange effect during the impregnation of NaA and NaX reduced the number of active Cl species on the surface, and restricted the physisorption of Hg⁰. Therefore, the Hg⁰ removal efficiencies of the samples were inhibited. The TPD analysis revealed that the species of mercury on the surface of FeCl₃–HZSM-5 was mainly in the form of mercuric chloride (HgCl₂), while on FeCl₃–NaX and FeCl₃–NaA it was mainly mercuric oxide (HgO).     

环境影响评价中公众参与问题的研究

公众参与作为环境影响评价的重要内容之一,对于公民更好的行使环境保护权利,提高政府的执行力及项目的环境和经济效益具有重要的作用和意义。文章基于《建设项目环境影响评价政府信息公开指南》(试行)、《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》、《环境影响评价公众参与暂行办法》等相关法律法规及技术规范,从公众参与的开展类别、调查范围、调查方式等方面阐述如何开展公众参与工作,以期为今后更好开展公众参与工作提供参考和借鉴。     

渭河陕西段潜流带沉积物重金属变化初步分析

为厘清潜流带沉积物重金属时空变化及与水量交换、沉积物颗粒结构间的关系,于2013年春夏两季对渭河陕西段5个研究断面66个测试点位沉积物的野外原位渗透系数、颗粒粒径、重金属含量进行分析.结果表明:影响渭河沉积物渗透系数的主要因素是沉积物粒径,同时沉积物垂向分层、排列组合也影响其渗透性能;沉积物重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd质量分数在垂向上不同深度其含量大小不同,在时间上总体呈现春季夏季,富集系数(EF指数)分析结果显示春季Cu、Zn(除华县)、Pb(除眉县)、Cd富集严重且主要受人为输入源影响,夏季除Cd元素外,Cu、Zn、Pb的EF值均1.5,说明其含量主要来源于地壳和岩石圈的自然风化过程;Pearson相关分析发现粘土与粉砂(粒径0.075 mm)百分比与沉积物重金属质量分数呈弱相关,重金属粒径效应不显著,粒径不是控制重金属含量的主要环境影子;对单一重金属垂向不同深度含量进行相关性研究发现除Cd外,其余3种重金属在垂向上的相关系数均0.5(p0.01),说明单一重金属在垂向上具有同源性且存在相互迁移与转化.     

实验室危化品事故因素分析

本文针对目前实验室管理存在的薄弱环节,分析论述了实验室危险化学品事故多发的原因,尤其针对实验室危险化学品管理提出相应加强的措施.     

徐州市近年来大气降尘变化规律及趋势

大气降尘是城市大气环境监测的重要内容之一,其值可作为空气质量的指标。目前,对降尘数据的有效分析和利用尚处于研究阶段,国家也无明确、统一的评价标准,这为研究和评价城市大气污染状况,制定改善城市生活环境的具体措施带来了一定的困难。本文根据徐州市多年监测的降尘数据,对徐州市市区及近郊的降尘量进行了分析统计,找出了徐州市近11年来降尘的总体变化规律;利用方差分析检验了不同季节降尘的显著性差异,发现春季降尘量最大;找出了不同功能区的降尘变化规律,发现工业区的降尘量最大。最后根据秩相关系数对其进行了趋势分析,结果表明,徐州市的降尘呈下降趋势。     

资源节约型与环境友好型社会技术选择及其创新激励机制的比较研究

建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会要求必须强化技术创新的“选择”意识，除传统的经济效率标准外，还要以生态效率与其它社会价值为基准来选择技术发展的方向。基于此，特提出技术剖新选择的评价标准。并认为，当前生态化技术创新面临的主要障碍是缺乏恰当的激励机制，从而导致企业的长远发展以及人类社会的可持续发展与企业短期生存压力之间的矛盾难以化解。运用博弈论的方法比较了当前各种激励方式下社会整体帕累托最优的存在性问题。结果表明，单纯对生态化产品价格进行补贴并不能使企业生态化技术创新的程度达到社会帕累托最优的程度，创新投资补贴能直接降低企业生态化技术创新所面临的风险，因此具有更好的激励效果。     

自然灾害研究的新趋势——社会易损性分析

社会易损性分析在自然灾害及减灾中的重要性是近期才被认识到的。本文分析了自然灾害、易损性和灾难的概念，探讨了社会易损性的内容、分析评价方法及其应用。今后应充分注意社会易损性分析在自然灾害和减灾研究中的重要性，积极开展社会易损性分析和评价研究。