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11.
Fuminori Hashihama Haruko Umeda Chiaki Hamada Sakae Kudoh Toru Hirawake Kazuhiko Satoh Mitsuo Fukuchi Yasuhiro Kashino 《Marine Biology》2010,157(10):2263-2278
In high-latitude waters such as the Southern Ocean, the primary production of phytoplankton supports the ecosystem. To understand
the photo-acclimation strategy of such phytoplankton within cold environments, the vertical distribution profile of photosynthetic
pigments was analyzed in the Southern Ocean. Samples were taken along 110°E during the austral summer, and along 150°E and
around the edge of the seasonal sea ice of the Antarctic Continent during the austral autumn. Pigment extraction methods were
optimized for these samples. The standing crop of chlorophyll a was larger in the region along the edge of the seasonal sea ice than at sampling stations in open ocean areas. Chlorophyll
concentration seemed to be dependent on the formation of thermo- and haloclines along the edge of the seasonal sea ice, but
not in the open ocean where such clines are less pronounced. The marker pigments fucoxanthin and/or 19′-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin
were dominant at most sampling stations throughout the water column, while other marker pigments such as alloxanthin were
quite low. This indicated that diatoms and/or haptophytes were the major phytoplankton in this area. Comparison of the relative
ratio of fucoxanthin with that of 19′-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin allowed some stations to be characterized as either diatom-dominant
or haptophyte-dominant. The relative ratio of xanthophyll-cycle pigments (diadinoxanthin plus diatoxanthin) to chlorophyll
a was high in surface waters and decreased gradually with depth. This suggests that near the ice edge during summer in the
Southern Ocean, both diatoms and haptophytes acclimate to their light environments to protect their photosystems under high-light
conditions. 相似文献
12.
Gia Thanh Nguyen Jian Pu Takayuki Miura Hiroaki Ito Shinobu Kazama Yoshimitsu Konta An Van Le Toru Watanabe 《Food and environmental virology》2018,10(1):61-71
This study investigated the level of norovirus contamination in oysters collected at a lagoon receiving urban drainage from Hue City for 17 months (August 2015–December 2016). We also investigated the genetic diversity of norovirus GI and GII in oyster and wastewater samples by using pyrosequencing to evaluate the effect of urban drainage on norovirus contamination of oysters. A total of 34 oyster samples were collected at two sampling sites (stations A and B) in a lagoon. Norovirus GI was more frequently detected than GII (positive rate 79 vs. 41%). Maximum concentrations of GI and GII were 2.4 × 105 and 2.3 × 104 copies/g, respectively. Co-contamination with GI and GII was observed in 35% of samples. Norovirus GII concentration was higher at station A in the flood season than in the dry season (P = 0.04, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Six genotypes (GI.2, GI.3, GI.5, GII.2, GII.3, and GII.4) were identified in both wastewater and oyster samples, and genetically similar or identical sequences were obtained from the two types of samples. These observations suggest that urban drainage and seasonal flooding contribute to norovirus contamination of oysters in the study area. 相似文献
13.
Kikue Hirot Yuji Yokot Toru Sekimur Hiroshi Uchiumi Yong Guo Hiroyuki Oht Isao Yumoto 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(8):109-115
A dairy wastewater treatment system composed of the 1st segment (no aeration) equipped with a facility for the destruction of milk fat particles, four successive aerobic treatment segments with activated sludge and a final sludge settlement segment was developed. The activated sludge is circulated through the six segments by settling sediments (activated sludge) in the 6th segment and sending the sediments beck to the 1st and 2nd segments. Microbiota was examined using samples from the non-aerated 1st and aerated 2nd segments obtained from two farms using the same system in summer or winter. Principal component analysis showed that the change in microbiota from the 1st to 2nd segments concomitant with effective wastewater treatment is affected by the concentrations of activated sludge and organic matter (biological oxygen demand [BOD]), and dissolved oxygen (DO) content. Microbiota from five segments (1st and four successive aerobic segments) in one location was also examined. Although the activated sludge is circulating throughout all the segments, microbiota fluctuation was observed. The observed successive changes in microbiota reflected the changes in the concentrations of organic matter and other physicochemical conditions (such as DO), suggesting that the microbiota is flexibly changeable depending on the environmental condition in the segments. The genera Dechloromonas, Zoogloea and Leptothrix are frequently observed in this wastewater treatment system throughout the analyses of microbiota in this study. 相似文献
14.
Taro Miyoshi Thanh Phong Nguyen Terumi Tsumuraya Hiromu Tanaka Toru Morita Hiroki Itokawa Toshikazu Hashimoto 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(3):1
15.
Ramadan Bimastyaji Surya Rachman Indriyani Matsumoto Toru 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(3):1194-1204
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - In this study, total burned household waste and the potential emissions released from waste burning in Semarang City, Indonesia, were estimated.... 相似文献
16.
Takayoshi Ueno Toru Shiino Hiroshi Onishi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》1999,1(1):25-32
Life cycle assessment (LCA), a quantitative method for evaluating the total environmental impact of a product, from the materials
in its manufacture to its final disposal, is playing an increasingly important role in manufacturing. When the LCA method
is applied to a product containing many kinds of electronic components, there is a need for life cycle inventory (LCI) data
on the components. This paper provides an original calculation of the LCI data for each electronic components industry. These
data show the amount of input energy and emissions into the atmosphere per yen of production yield. It is demonstrated that
the magnitude of the LCI data for each industry is essentially equal to that of the other industries. Furthermore, we conclude
that the LCI data for all electronic components are roughly equivalent, making it possible to calculate the LCI data of any
electronic component by simply multiplying the LCI data for the industry by the price of the component. Furthermore, after
comparing the materials production stages with the component manufacturing stage in the calculation, it became clear that
for several component industries the materials production stage could not be omitted from the calculation.
Received: April 10, 1998 / Accepted: February 8, 1999 相似文献
17.
Jian Pu Shinobu Kazama Takayuki Miura Nabila Dhyan Azraini Yoshimitsu Konta Hiroaki Ito You Ueki Ermaya Eka Cahyaningrum Tatsuo Omura Toru Watanabe 《Food and environmental virology》2016,8(4):310-312
Norovirus GII.3, GII.4, and GII.17 were detected using pyrosequencing in sewage and oysters in January and February 2015, in Japan. The strains in sewage and oyster samples were genetically identical or similar, predominant strains belonging to GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 lineage. This is the first report of GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 in oysters. 相似文献
18.
Susan Collet Toru Kidokoro Prakash Karamchandani Tejas Shah Jaegun Jung 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2017,67(8):938-948
The relationship between emission reductions and changes in ozone can be studied using photochemical grid models. These models are updated with new information as it becomes available. The primary objective of this study was to update the previous Collet et al. studies by using the most up-to-date (at the time the study was done) modeling emission tools, inventories, and meteorology available to conduct ozone source attribution and sensitivity studies. Results show future-year, 2030, design values for 8-hr ozone concentrations were lower than base-year values, 2011. The ozone source attribution results for selected cities showed that boundary conditions were the dominant contributors to ozone concentrations at the western U.S. locations, and were important for many of the eastern U.S. locations. Point sources were generally more important in the eastern United States than in the western United States. The contributions of on-road mobile emissions were less than 5 ppb at a majority of the cities selected for analysis. The higher-order decoupled direct method (HDDM) results showed that in most of the locations selected for analysis, NOx emission reductions were more effective than VOC emission reductions in reducing ozone levels. The source attribution results from this study provide useful information on the important source categories and provide some initial guidance on future emission reduction strategies.
Implications: The relationship between emission reductions and changes in ozone can be studied using photochemical grid models, which are updated with new available information. This study was to update the previous Collet et al. studies by using the most current, at the time the study was done, models and inventory to conduct ozone source attribution and sensitivity studies. The source attribution results from this study provide useful information on the important source categories and provide some initial guidance on future emission reduction strategies. 相似文献
19.
20.
Toru Sakuma Naruji Sugiyama Takashi Ichiki Masanori Kobayashi Yoshiro Wada Daisuke Nohara 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(2):77-82
The urinary acylcarnitine profiles of two mothers whose first children were diagnosed to have glutaric aciduria type 2 (multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency, electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) deficiency) were analysed in the second pregnancy. Large volumes of tigrylcarnitine and isovalerylcarnitine and a little glutarylcarnitine were detected. Each fetus was also diagnosed to be abnormal by enzyme activity and immunoassay of ETF protein. The acylcarnitines in the mothers' urine disappeared in 1 week after labour or artificial abortion. Acylcarnitines were never detected in the urine of controls. 相似文献