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91.
我国城市生活垃圾处理行业2007年发展综述 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文简述了2007年国内城市生活垃圾处理的总体状况,归纳了2007年国家发布及实施的有关标准与政策以及在实施中存在的主要问题;重点分析了城市生活垃圾填埋、焚烧和堆肥的现状,并对行业的发展进行了展望. 相似文献
92.
Bruce L. Rhoads David Wilson Michael Urban Edwin E. Herricks 《Environmental management》1999,24(3):297-308
The authors' personal experience in watershed planning and decision making in the agricultural Midwest is described to illustrate
how: (1) formalization of the process of community-based management is not sufficient to guarantee that local people will
meaningfully consider scientific information and opinion when making decisions about watersheds, and (2) genuine social interaction
between scientists and nonscientists requires a considerable investment of time and energy on the part of the scientist to
develop personal relationships with nonscientists based on trust and mutual exchange of information. This experience provides
the basis for developing a general conceptual model of the interaction between scientists and nonscientists in community-based
watershed management in the agricultural Midwest.
An important aspect of integrating science effectively into community-based decision making is the need to revise existing
concepts to accommodate place-based contexts. Stream naturalization is introduced as an alternative to stream restoration
and rehabilitation, which are viewed as inappropriate management strategies in human-dominated environments. Stream naturalization
seeks to establish sustainable, morphologically and hydraulically varied, yet dynamically stable fluvial systems that are
capable of supporting healthy, biologically diverse aquatic ecosystems. This general goal is consistent with the types of
stream-management practices emerging from community-based decision making in human-dominated, agricultural landscapes. Further
research on the linkages between geomorphological and ecological dynamics of human-modified agricultural streams over multiple
spatial and temporal scales is needed to provide a sound scientific framework for stream naturalization. 相似文献
93.
我国城市生活垃圾处理行业2009年发展综述 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
中国环境保护产业协会城市生活垃圾处理委员会 《中国环保产业》2010,(7):4-8
简述了2009年我国城市生活垃圾处理的总体状况;归纳了2009年国家发布和实施的有关标准和政策;介绍了2009年新批准申请CDM的填埋气体利用项目和垃圾焚烧发电项目、垃圾堆肥项目,以及新投入运行的生活垃圾焚烧发电厂;对城市生活垃圾处理行业的发展进行了展望。 相似文献
94.
Effects of urbanization on the population structure of freshwater turtles across the United States 下载免费PDF全文
David R. Bowne Bradley J. Cosentino Laurel J. Anderson Christopher P. Bloch Sandra Cooke Patrick W. Crumrine Jason Dallas Alexandra Doran Jerald J. Dosch Daniel L. Druckenbrod Richard D. Durtsche Danielle Garneau Kristen S. Genet Todd S. Fredericksen Peter A. Kish Mary Beth Kolozsvary Frank T. Kuserk Erin S. Lindquist Carol Mankiewicz James G. March Timothy J. Muir K. Greg Murray Madeline N. Santulli Frank J. Sicignano Peter D. Smallwood Rebecca A. Urban Kathy Winnett‐Murray Craig R. Zimmermann 《Conservation biology》2018,32(5):1150-1161
Landscape‐scale alterations that accompany urbanization may negatively affect the population structure of wildlife species such as freshwater turtles. Changes to nesting sites and higher mortality rates due to vehicular collisions and increased predator populations may particularly affect immature turtles and mature female turtles. We hypothesized that the proportions of adult female and immature turtles in a population will negatively correlate with landscape urbanization. As a collaborative effort of the Ecological Research as Education Network (EREN), we sampled freshwater turtle populations in 11 states across the central and eastern United States. Contrary to expectations, we found a significant positive relationship between proportions of mature female painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) and urbanization. We did not detect a relationship between urbanization and proportions of immature turtles. Urbanization may alter the thermal environment of nesting sites such that more females are produced as urbanization increases. Our approach of creating a collaborative network of scientists and students at undergraduate institutions proved valuable in terms of testing our hypothesis over a large spatial scale while also allowing students to gain hands‐on experience in conservation science. 相似文献
95.
Phase transitions between alternate stable states in marine ecosystems lead to disruptive changes in ecosystem services, especially fisheries productivity. We used trawl survey data spanning phase transitions in the North Pacific (Gulf of Alaska) and the North Atlantic (Scotian Shelf) to test for increases in ecosystem variability that might provide early warning of such transitions. In both time series, elevated spatial variability in a measure of community composition (ratio of cod [Gadus sp.] abundance to prey abundance) accompanied transitions between ecosystem states, and variability was negatively correlated with distance from the ecosystem transition point. In the Gulf of Alaska, where the phase transition was apparently the result of a sudden perturbation (climate regime shift), variance increased one year before the transition in mean state occurred. On the Scotian Shelf, where ecosystem reorganization was the result of persistent overfishing, a significant increase in variance occurred three years before the transition in mean state was detected. However, we could not reject the alternate explanation that increased variance may also have simply been inherent to the final stable state in that ecosystem. Increased variance has been previously observed around transition points in models, but rarely in real ecosystems, and our results demonstrate the possible management value in tracking the variance of key parameters in exploited ecosystems. 相似文献
96.
Ruzicka Jan Julinova Marketa Rouchal Michal Salac Jan Vanharova Ludmila Urban Jaroslav Pancochova Katerina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(30):45292-45302
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The study of bacterial degradation of 1-octylpyrrolidin-2-one (NOP) by river water and soil bacteria was the main aim of the research. Although the... 相似文献
97.
98.
This study examines the dependency between physical and anthropogenic systems in arable farming. The dynamic simulation model, which has its methodological origins in the modeling traditions of environmental systems analysis and microsimulation, reproduces the mutual links between the physical flows (e.g. energy, materials, emissions, and products), the farmer as a decision-making agent, and structural conditions influencing the farm. In running the model, the intention is to answer the question: What are the impacts on profitability and the environment (i.e. greenhouse gas effects, eutrophication, acidification, and energy use) of variations in prices, subsidies, the farmer's environmental values, and the farmer's skill in making production allocation choices? The results of the model simulations indicate, for example, that in terms of economic performance, a farmer can choose between two relatively sustainable strategies--either to specialize in organic production (thereby benefiting from higher subsidies and output prices), or to focus on conventional cultivation and use of pesticides and fertilizers (thereby benefiting from large yields). Regarding environmental impacts, there was no clear-cut divide between organic and conventional farming due to difficulties in allocating the use of manure. This finding is essentially related to the choice of system boundary, which is thoroughly discussed in the paper. 相似文献
99.
Edwin T. Engman William J. Gburek Leslie H. Parmele James B. Urban 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1971,7(3):495-505
ABSTRACT The problems encountered in estimating scale parameters in interdisciplinary watershed research are discussed. Meteorology, hydrology, geology and water quality are discussed with respect to their individual strengths and weaknesses when applied to different scale problems. Areas where incompatibilities exist are pointed out and suggestions are made for effecting compromise. A watershed scale of roughly a hundred acres may be the scale at which all disciplines can effect optimum interaction. 相似文献
100.
Henrik Hedenås Bengt Å. Carlsson Urban Emanuelsson Alistair D. Headley Christer Jonasson Brita M. Svensson Terry V. Callaghan 《Ambio》2012,41(3):187-196
Plant species distributions are expected to shift and diversity is expected to decline as a result of global climate change, particularly in the Arctic where climate warming is amplified. We have recorded the changes in richness and abundance of vascular plants at Abisko, sub-Arctic Sweden, by re-sampling five studies consisting of seven datasets; one in the mountain birch forest and six at open sites. The oldest study was initiated in 1977–1979 and the latest in 1992. Total species number increased at all sites except for the birch forest site where richness decreased. We found no general pattern in how composition of vascular plants has changed over time. Three species, Calamagrostis lapponica, Carex vaginata and Salix reticulata, showed an overall increase in cover/frequency, while two Equisetum taxa decreased. Instead, we showed that the magnitude and direction of changes in species richness and composition differ among sites. 相似文献