全文获取类型
收费全文 | 56篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
专业分类
环保管理 | 9篇 |
基础理论 | 16篇 |
污染及防治 | 24篇 |
评价与监测 | 3篇 |
社会与环境 | 3篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 2篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 1篇 |
2011年 | 2篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 6篇 |
2008年 | 2篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 2篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有56条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
CAMFor (Carbon Accounting Model for Forests) is a sophisticated spreadsheet model developed to assist in carbon accounting and projection. This model can integrate information from a range of alternate sources including user input, default parameters and third party model outputs to calculate the carbon flows associated with a stand of trees and the wood products derived from harvests of that stand. Carbon is tracked in the following pools: * Biomass (stemwood, branches, bark, fine and coarse roots, leaves and twigs) * Soil (organic matter and inert charcoal) * Debris (coarse and fine litter, slash, below ground dead material) * Products (waste wood, sawn timber, paper, biofuel, reconstituted wood products). These pools can be tracked following thinning, fires and over multiple rotations. A sensitivity module has been developed to assist examination of the important assumptions and inputs. This paper reviews the functionality of CAMFor and reports on its use in a case study to explore the precision of estimates of carbon sequestration in a eucalypt plantation. Information on variability in unbiased models, measurement accuracy and other sources of error are combined in a sensitivity analysis to estimate the overall precision of sequestration estimates. 相似文献
42.
Werner Brack Horst Rottler 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1994,1(4):223-228
A gas-tight system for toxicity testing of highly volatile chemicals with the green algaChlamydomonas reinhardtii was developed. The procedure permits maintenance of constant and defined concentrations of the tested compounds in the vessels. To ensure sufficient CO2-supply, new bipartite test vessels were used. These vessels allowed spatial separation of a HCO3-/CO 3 2? buffer used for CO2 supply and the alga culture to avoid growth inhibition due to ionic strength. Several volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons have been tested. Their EC10 values were several orders of magnitude lower than those obtained with open test systems. 相似文献
43.
Brack W. Hale 《Environmental management》2010,45(5):1155-1163
Traditional natural resource management approaches often focus on a specific natural resource and ignore social components
other than economic value. In contrast, new approaches to resource management, such as those employing ecosystem management
strategies, recognize and strive to incorporate other social components of the managed system. This study uses a content analysis
of regional newspaper coverage of two relatively new reserves in river-floodplain systems, the Lower Wisconsin State Riverway
and the Middle Elbe Biosphere Reserve, to analyze each reserve’s success in managing the social components of its resources
during each reserve’s first ten years. The results suggest that positive coverage of both reserves has increased, as has the
perceived authority of the reserve staff, as measured by trends in the quantity of direct quotes. The Middle Elbe Biosphere
Reserve received approximately three times more coverage than its Wisconsin counterpart, suggesting that the more extensive
public outreach program of the former is an important tool in dealing with social issues within a conservation reserve. 相似文献
44.
Virgil A. Marple Kenneth L. Rubow William Turner John D. Spengler 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(11):1303-1307
Two single round nozzle impactors have been developed for use in Harvard’s indoor air pollution health study. Both impactors operate at flow rates of 4 L/m and are nearly identical, differing only in their cut sizes of 2.5 μm and 10 μm aerodynamic diameters. Two identical cascaded stages of the same cut size are used to obtain sharp cut-off characteristics. The particles are deposited on impaction plates made of oil impregnated, porous material to reduce particle bounce and are discarded. Only the particles collected on the afterfilter are analyzed. Special care has been taken to collect the particles uniformly on the afterfilter to aid in particle analysis. The jmpactors were calibrated with a vibrating orifice monodisperse aerosol generator. However, due to the sharp cut of the impactors, doublets and triplets in the calibration aerosols, even in small quantities, gave erroneous calibration curves. Therefore, the number of doublets and triplets in the challenging aerosols were measured and appropriate corrections made to the calibration curves. 相似文献
45.
Virgil A. Marple Benjamin Y. H. Liu Robert M. Burton 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(5):762-767
Final design, calibration, and field testing have been completed for a new 1.13 m3/min (40 cfm) High-volume Virtual Impactor (HVVI). Field tests have demonstrated that the new classifier/collector works well as an accessory to the existing PM10 Size Selective Inlet high-volume samplers. The HVVI provides two fractions of PM10 mass, both of which are collected by filtration. The fine fraction (0-2.5 μm aero. dia.) Is collected on the standard 20.3 × 25.4 cm (8- × 10-in) high-volume filter; the coarse fraction (2.5-10 μm aero. dia.) is collected on a 5.1 × 15.2 cm (2- × 6-in) filter. Coarse flow through the receiver tubes is limited to 0.057 m3/min (2 cfm), 5 percent of the total flow. The operating pressure drop across the HVVI stages Is sufficiently high to make changes In pressure across the collection filters Insignificant. The HVVI filter holder assembly facilitates loading/ unloading samples in the laboratory, thus eliminating damage due to handling filters in the field. Size separation characteristics of the HVVI agree well with those for the 16.7 L/min commercially available dichotomous sampler with the 50 percent effectiveness (cut-point) occurring at 2.5 μm. Applying laboratory-determined particle losses to the typical ambient particle mass size distribution described In Federal Register 49, 40 CFR, Part 53, Table D-3, the HVVI fine fraction total mass loss is less than 0.8 percent for liquid particles and less than 0.1 percent for solid particles; coarse fraction total mass loss is less than 2.5 percent for liquid particles, and less than 0.2 percent for solid particles. 相似文献
46.
47.
Water quality indices across Europe--a comparison of the good ecological status of five river basins
von der Ohe PC Prüss A Schäfer RB Liess M de Deckere E Brack W 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2007,9(9):970-978
The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires the definition of near-natural reference conditions to determine the extent of water bodies' deviation from "good ecological status" caused by stress gradients. However, the classification of ecological quality depends on the assessment method applied and the stressor concerned. While assessment methods that are generally applicable would be favourable, many European countries employ the locally developed water quality metrics that assess the impact of organic pollution (including eutrophication) and the associated decrease in dissolved oxygen. These indices do not specifically address stress from organic toxicants, such as pesticides. The aim of this study was to examine the performance of presently used assessment methods to identify reference conditions of non-contaminated streams in five selected European river basins, covering the geographical region from Spain to Finland, as a crucial prerequisite to indicate toxic gradients. The analysis comprised the Belgium biotic index (BBI), the biological monitoring working party (BMWP) scoring system and the revised German saprobic index. For comparison, we included an adaptation of the recently developed SPEAR index. In two previous field studies, this metric highly correlated with measured pesticide gradients. In this study, SPEAR was the only indicator that was generally applicable to all monitoring data and capable of determining "high ecological status" of reference conditions in all basins. Thus, based upon previous and own results, the authors suggest the species at risk (SPEAR) index to be potentially useful as a European-wide index to address deviations from "good ecological status" due to organic toxicants and recommend it for consideration in integrated water-resource evaluations under the WFD. 相似文献
48.
W. Brack N. Bandow K. Schwab T. Schulze und G. Streck 《Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung》2009,21(3):240-244
Zusammenfassung Sedimente spielen eine wichtige Rolle für die Funktionen aquatischer ?kosysteme, fungieren aber auch als Senke, Speicher und
Quelle für lipophile Schadstoffe und Metalle. Wirkungsorientierte Analytik (EDA) ist ein geeignetes Werkzeug, um besonders
problematische Stoffe zu identifizieren. Um Missinterpretationen und falsche Priorit?tensetzung zu vermeiden, sollte dabei
neben den eigentlichen Effekten die Bioverfügbarkeit berücksichtigt werden. Bioverfügbarkeit wird dabei als komplexer Prozess
betrachtet, der letztendlich dazu führt, dass ein bisher partikelgebundenes Molekül am Wirkort im Organismus ankommt und dort
Sch?den verursachen kann. Um diesen Prozess in der EDA operativ berücksichtigen zu k?nnen, kann er in mehrere Teilprozesse
zerlegt werden. Dies beinhaltet die Desorption vom Sediment und damit die biologische Zug?nglichkeit, die Gleichgewichtsverteilung
desorbierbarer Stoffe zwischen Sediment, Porenwasser und Organismus entsprechend der Aktivit?t in den verschiedenen Phasen
und die toxikologische Bioverfügbarkeit als Resultat toxikokinetischer Prozesse wie Resorption, Transport, Metabolisierung
und Ausscheidung. Die biologische Zug?nglichkeit als Resultat der Desorptionskinetik l?sst sich durch den Einsatz milder Extraktionsverfahren
z. B. mit TENAX in die EDA einbeziehen. Die Gleichgewichtsverteilung im System Sediment-Wasser-Organismus kann durch verteilungsbasierte
Dosierung simuliert werden. Erste Ergebnisse mit diesen Verfahren zeigen, dass bei Einbeziehung von Bioverfügbarkeit polare
Sedimentkontaminanten relativ zu klassischen unpolaren Problemstoffen wie Polyzyklischen Aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen
deutlich an Bedeutung gewinnen.
Verantwortliche Herausgeber: Jan Schwarzbauer · Peter Heininger · Evelyn Claus 相似文献
49.
Brils J Quevauviller P Slob A Blind M Davy T Carere M Amorsi N Brack W Borchers U Thompson C Villessot D 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2010,12(12):2204-2206
The first generation of WFD River Basin Management Plans is now available. This is a formidable achievement and a great step towards addressing Europe's deteriorated river systems. However, plans are only words: only the actual implementation of the selected measures will result in achievement of good ecological and chemical status. The WFD Lille 2010 Conference pointed out that a lot of new, but so far unused scientific knowledge is available to improve the effectiveness of selected measures or to inspire the introduction of complementary measures. Furthermore, the complexity in terms of the functioning of the water system, its interaction with the socio-economic system and the uncertain consequences of climate change, urges a 'learning-by-doing' approach. This approach should be applied in well-designed, -coordinated and -monitored learning catchments. 相似文献
50.
Brack W Kind T Schrader S Möder M Schüürmann G 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,121(1):81-85
Bitterfeld (Germany) was a major site of chemical production in the former German Democratic Republic with chloralkali electrolysis as the basic process. Effluents were dumped via the creek Spittelwasser into the rivers Mulde and Elbe. Despite the fact that the chloralkali industry is known as a possible source of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), to date no data about PCN pollution in the region of Bitterfeld and downstream regions are available. Therefore, sediments of the creek Spittelwasser were isomer-specifically analysed for penta-, hexa- and heptachlorinated naphthalenes using GC/MS. Concentrations of 880, 543 and 1120 ng/g dry weight were found, respectively. The isomer pattern suggests chloralkali industry as the major source of PCN contamination. Because of their toxicological relevance we suggest to include PCNs into monitoring and risk assessment programs of the rivers Mulde and Elbe downstream of Bitterfeld. 相似文献