Effects of environmental factors on the production and release of matrix-bound phosphine from lake sediments

Effects of pH, temperature, and oxygen on the production and release of phosphine in eutrophic lake sediments were investigated under laboratory tests. Results indicated that the elimination of matrix-bound phosphine was accelerated under initial pH 1 or 12. Phosphine levels could reach maximum under initial pH 10. The contents of phosphine increased with the addition of alkali under pH 4–12. The rates of phosphine production and release from lake sediments varied with temperature. 20°C was the most favorable temperature for the production of matrix-bound phosphine. Oxygen showed little effect on matrix-bound phosphine. Matrix-bound phosphine concentrations in lake sediments were concluded to be dependent on a balance of natural generation and depletion processes. Translated from Acta Scientise Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(5): 681–685 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

Spatial distribution of ecological security status assessment of West-Liaohe River based on geographic information system

Eco-security assessment is a hot research area in resource and environmental science, which involves data with much spatial, non-linear, and random features. Geographic information system (GIS), as a useful tool to analyze and manage spatial information, has a superior advantage in this field. A case study in the western part of the Liaohe River featuring a method of eco-security spatial differences (ESSD) based on GIS is developed in this paper. The method includes four steps: 1) developing the pressure-state-response (P-S-R) framework with site data; 2) digitizing West-Liaohe River and setting its GRID database of ecosecurity assessment indicators; 3) figuring out the relative membership degree (RMD) of eco-security indicators by using the analytical hierarchy process with the weight of indicator; 4) classifying the security zone and mapping the assessment result of eco-security status in grid by GIS method of assigning and clustering. The visual spatial differences of eco-security based on GIS enables decision makers to know the status of eco-security better in making policies for achieving sustainability. __________ Translated from Environmental Science, 2005, 26(5): 28–33 [译自: 环境科学]     

浅谈化工装置灾害事故的处置

化工生产一般采用温控分离、氧化还原、催化裂解、压力聚合等工艺方法,而化工产品特别是中间产品一般都具有易燃、易爆、有毒、有害和腐蚀等特点.在化工生产的过程中可能发生的各类灾害事故已经成为各级政府和应急救援单位研究的重要课题.下面结合工作实践谈谈化工装置灾害事故的处置思路.     

SBR处理城市污水中强化脱氮除磷的研究

根据SBR工艺的特征以及氮和磷的去除机理,通过对SBR运行方式进行分析后提出了同时具备脱氮除磷功能的改进的运行方式,并对影响SBR工艺处理效果的因素进行了分析。     

高校校园文化建设的几点思考

高校校园文化作为一种特殊的亚文化，存在于社会文化之中，它在高校师生的校园生活中发挥着重要的作用。建设良好、健康的校园文化是高校为社会培养合格人才、优秀人才的客观需要。本文阐述了校园文化的含义，分析了校园文化的重要性，并对所在地区几所高校进行调研，浅析了当前高校校园文化现状，提出了几点校园文化建设的建议。     

北京市二个主要工业区汞污染及其来源的初步研究

为了调查北京市汞污染状况及其来源，选择二个主要工业区石景山区和朝阳区为研究对象．共采集表层土壤２６个，剖面样品４个，对照土壤样品４个，并且在冬季采集降雪样品和枯叶样品，分析汞含量．结果表明，燃煤烟尘排放的汞是北京市汞的主要来源，汽车尾气和化工厂泄漏可使局部汞含量增高，表层土壤中汞含量为００７—２７５ｍｇ／ｋｇ．土壤剖面中的汞含量在０—１００ｃｍ土层中均较高，其含量与土壤有机质和碳酸盐含量正相关．降雪中汞在０７—３７ｍｇ／Ｌ之间，明显高于背景值，其中大部分吸附在颗粒物上．枯叶中汞主要是从土壤吸收，并且有可能被雨水淋溶出来．     

New process for anaerobic treatment of Vitamin C wastewater in a full scale plant

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅＦｉｒｓｔＰｈａｒｍａｃｅｕｔｉｃａｌＦａｃｔｏｒｙｉｎＳｈｉｊｉａｚｈｕａｎｇＣｉｔｙ，Ｃｈｉｎａ，ｂｕｉｌｔａｓｅｔｏｆｅｑｕｉｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｆｕｌｓｃａｌｅｔｒｅａｔｉｎｇＶｉｔａｍｉｎＣｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｉｎ...     

胜利石油局配气站噪声治理

本文对配气站管网系统作了噪声源分析，提出了在节流降压阀下游加装消声器，对管道作重点隔声包扎和简易隔声包扎、加装阀门局部隔声罩的方案。方案实施后，管网噪声由１２１ｄＢＡ降至８０ｄＢＡ，效果十分显著。     

Fenton试剂处理酸性染料废水的研究

采用Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂处理酸性染料废水，在ｐＨ＝３，〔ＦｅＳＯ４〕＝４０ｍｇ／Ｌ，〔Ｈ２Ｏ２〕＝８００ｍｇ／Ｌ时，酸性媒介漂蓝废水的色度及ＣＯＤ去除率分别达９８．６％和８０．１％。     

宁夏灌溉回归水开发再利用的评价

宁夏灌溉回归水指灌溉农业土壤深层渗滤水、农田尾水、渠道渗漏水、退水及少量的工业废水和城镇生活污水,年排量３０～３５亿ｍ^３。对灌溉回归水２０种物质含量的评价表明,它属无毒有害型淡水。采取与渠水（来自黄河水）掺灌或轮灌对作物生长无不良影响,也不会引起土壤盐碱化,可大胆开发利用。