Al（Ⅲ）溶液的水解─沉淀特性研究─—磷酸根的作用

采用连续碱滴定方法和Ｘ射线衍射及红外光谱分析，研究了在Ａｌ（Ⅲ）－磷酸根溶液体系中Ａｌ（Ⅲ）的水解－沉淀特性，结果表明，当Ｐ／Ａｌ＞０．０５时，磷酸根对Ａｌ（Ⅲ）的水解－成核－沉淀过程有显的促进作用，描述了磷酸根作用的动力学机理。     

论我国自然资源产权制度的改革

我国自然资源产权制度长期以来界定不清晰和不合理，造成自然资源配置的效率损失很大，本文根据许多实例和交易成本理论来说明５０年代中期以来我国自然资源的一些主要产权制度的利弊，并提出未来改革的一些设想。     

Chemical characteristics of cloudwater over Maoer Mountain district

Samples of cloudwater, rainwater and ambient aerosol were collected over Maoer Mountain in the northeast of Guangxi Province in March 1988. The pH value of cloudwater ranged from 3.37 to 6.20 with a mean value of 4.34. SO42- , NO3- , NH4+, Ca2+ and H+ were the principal ionic species of cloudwater. The advance of cold fronts into Maoer Mountain appeared to lead to higher major ionic concentration and acidity than that of warm fronts. The relative acidity and concentration of NO3- of cloudwater were much greater than that of aerosol samples. With the exception of. NO3- and H+, most of the concentration of SO42- and NH4+ in cloudwater came from the nucleation scavenging of aerosol. Gaseous nitric acid and organic acid from local may be one of the important source of cloudwater acidity. Compared with other sites, Maoer Mountain can be as a clean contrast station for studying acidic precipitation in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.     

环境监测数据的随机分析

本文以大气污染监测数据的随机分析为主,阐述了如何根据统计学理论,对大量已有的环境监测数据进行随机分析,以便充分利用环境数据库资源,改善环境监测管理工作。     

化纤废水中对苯二甲酸的导数紫外光度法测定

采用一阶导数紫外光度法测定化纤废水中对苯二甲酸。在选定条件下,标准曲线的线性相关系数γ=1.0000,线性范围为0.05～10.0mg/l。废水样品的浓度为1mg/1水平时,测定12次的相对标准偏差为0.2％。化纤废水中其他有机物质不干扰测定。     

Chance-constrained programming (CCP)abatement of SO_2 emission for acid deposition control in Liuzhou City

A deterministic linear programming model which optimizes the abatement of each SO2 emission source, is extended into a CCP form by introducing equations of probabilistic constrained through the incorporation of uncertainty in the source-receptor-specific transfer coefficients. Based on the calculation of SO2 and sulfate average residence time for Liuzhou City, a sulfur deposition model has been developed and the distribution of transfer coefficients have been found to be approximately log-normal. Sulfur removal minimization of the model shows that the abatement of emission sources in the city is more effective, while control cost optimization provides the lowest cost programmes for source abatement at each allowable deposition limit under varied environmental risk levels. Finally a practicable programme is recommended.     

床板珊瑚形珊瑚的数值分类研究

本文系统地论述了床板珊瑚形珊瑚的数值分类研究。实际工作是在传统“属”一级分类的基础上,对种一级的代表性化石标本进行的。作者根据数值分类的要求,在深入研究前人对各种的化石标本所作大量文字描述的基础上,提取有效的鉴定特征作为分类性状,然后对这些性状进行编码和标度,采用加权明氏距离估计任意两化石标本之间的相似性,最后根据每个属各种的化石标本间的相似性,利用系统聚类法实现对种的重新厘定。     

A study on Se application for improving the soil in the environment at lower Se level

A result that application of sodium selenite or fly ash to some of soilin loess plateau can increase Se content in wheat grain has been demonstrated by the pot and field experiments, and added Se in soil can last its availability for 3 years. So this is a good measure for improving the low Se soils and preventing the Kaschin-Beck disease.     

几种不同浓缩技术回收水中病毒的效果

实验表明,即使病毒剂量低到一个感染性病毒也可使人感染,并可在人群间造成传播。因此,水环境的病毒污染深为人们关切。 水中的致病性病毒主要来自人和动物的排泄物及医院废水。目前已从各种水体中检测出120多种危及人类健康的肠道病毒和其它病毒。 世界卫生组织要求,用最灵敏的方法试验,在100—1000L饮用水中应不含病毒。因此,病毒的浓缩技术是监测水中病毒的前提。 现在国内外使用的浓缩技术方法很多,但都不甚理想。我们用几种不同的方法回收自来水和污水厂出水中实验性污染的病毒,以便选择具有快速、简便、适用性广泛、浓缩水样体积大和回收病毒效率高的技术。     

可变电荷表面对磷的吸附与解吸动力学

研究了可变电荷表面为主的土壤对磷的吸附与解吸动力学。结果麦明,磷吸附和解吸动力学均可用修正的Elovich方程、双常数速率方程和分段拟合的抛物线扩散公式来表征。吸附和解吸过程均可分为快、慢两个反应阶段。磷吸附过程是一个扩散控制的不可逆过程.