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61.
O3/H2O2高级氧化技术H2O2加入量的简易控制方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对与臭氧有着不同反应活性的3类有机污染物,探讨并建立了O3/H2O2高级氧化技术H2O2较优投加量的简易控制方法。结果表明,水中存在溶解臭氧是H2O2与臭氧降解效率具有协同作用的必要条件,另外,H2O2的较优加入量直接依赖于目标有机污染物与臭氧的反应活性。对于不同的有机物及在常规的臭氧化水处理时间内,H2O2加入量控制在单独臭氧化处理时水中溶解臭氧的20-30倍(质量比)之间为宜。这种简易控制H2O2加入量的方法对推广O3/H2O2技术在实际废水处理中的应用具有重要的意义。 相似文献
62.
Li-Ming Shao Zhong-He Ma Hua Zhang Dong-Qing Zhang Pin-Jing He 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(7):1165-1170
Bio-drying can enhance the sortability and heating value of municipal solid waste (MSW), consequently improving energy recovery. Bio-drying followed by size sorting was adopted for MSW with high water content to improve its combustibility and reduce potential environmental pollution during the follow-up incineration. The effects of bio-drying and waste particle size on heating values, acid gas and heavy metal emission potential were investigated. The results show that, the water content of MSW decreased from 73.0% to 48.3% after bio-drying, whereas its lower heating value (LHV) increased by 157%. The heavy metal concentrations increased by around 60% due to the loss of dry materials mainly resulting from biodegradation of food residues. The bio-dried waste fractions with particle size higher than 45 mm were mainly composed of plastics and papers, and were preferable for the production of refuse derived fuel (RDF) in view of higher LHV as well as lower heavy metal concentration and emission. However, due to the higher chlorine content and HCl emission potential, attention should be paid to acid gas and dioxin pollution control. Although LHVs of the waste fractions with size <45 mm increased by around 2× after bio-drying, they were still below the quality standards for RDF and much higher heavy metal pollution potential was observed. Different incineration strategies could be adopted for different particle size fractions of MSW, regarding to their combustibility and pollution property. 相似文献
63.
Jun Zhang Ding Gao Tong-Bin Chen Guo-Di Zheng Jun Chen Chuang Ma Song-Lin Guo Wei Du 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(10):1931-1938
To simulate the substrate degradation kinetics of the composting process, this paper develops a mathematical model with a first-order reaction assumption and heat/mass balance equations. A pilot-scale composting test with a mixture of sewage sludge and wheat straw was conducted in an insulated reactor. The BVS (biodegradable volatile solids) degradation process, matrix mass, MC (moisture content), DM (dry matter) and VS (volatile solid) were simulated numerically by the model and experimental data. The numerical simulation offered a method for simulating k (the first-order rate constant) and estimating k20 (the first-order rate constant at 20 °C). After comparison with experimental values, the relative error of the simulation value of the mass of the compost at maturity was 0.22%, MC 2.9%, DM 4.9% and VS 5.2%, which mean that the simulation is a good fit. The k of sewage sludge was simulated, and k20, k20s (first-order rate coefficient of slow fraction of BVS at 20 °C) of the sewage sludge were estimated as 0.082 and 0.015 d?1, respectively. 相似文献
64.
Liang Lu Yuqi Jin Hongmei Liu Xiaojun Ma Kunio Yoshikawa 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(1):79-85
Nitrogen evolution was studied during the co-combustion of hydrothermally treated municipal solid wastes (HT MSW) and coal in a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB). HT MSW blending ratios as 10%, 20% and 30% (wt.%) were selected and tested at 700, 800, 900 °C. Emissions of NO and N2O from blends were measured and compared with the results of mono-combustion trials. Moreover, concentrations of precursors like NH3 and HCN were also quantified. The results are summarized as follows: NO emissions were predominant in all the cases, which rose with increasing temperature. The blending of HT MSW contributed to the NO reduction. N2O emissions decreased with temperature rising and the blending of HT MSW also presented positive effects. At 30% HT MSW addition, both NO and N2O emissions showed the lowest values (391.85 ppm and 55.33 ppm, respectively at 900 °C). For the precursors, more HCN was detected than NH3 and both played important roles on the gas side nitrogen evolution. 相似文献
65.
Hawrot-Paw Małgorzata Koniuszy Adam Mikiciuk Małgorzata Izwikow Monika Stawicki Tomasz Sędłak Paweł 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(17):15022-15030
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The purpose of this research was evaluation of the effect of soil contamination with waste coming from biomass gasification on chosen indicators of... 相似文献
66.
Xu Li Zimeng Liu Qing Xu Zhongyi Jiang Guoliang Ma 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2017,22(3):243-255
In this paper, we construct a multi-stage coordinated programming model under tax system to control SO2 emission. The model is based on an explicitly formulated SO2 abatement cost function created under Chinese condition. Analysis of the effectiveness and impact on the economy of the model is carried out with consideration of game theory. By solving the model, theoretical results show that the volume-based multi-stage SO2 tax system has two properties: effectiveness and equal-rate. Based on these theoretical results, empirical study is also performed using Chinese historical data. Compared with yearly single-stage programming model, the tax rate generated by the coordinated multi-stage programming model is time-invariant and rather moderate in scale. The total abatement cost among planning years in our model is 21.03 % less than the actual number and 6.68 % less than that in the single-stage situation. The tax payment suggested by our model is 10.62 % less than by the single-stage model. In general, a coordinated multi-stage programming model helps reduce the overall costs of environmental protection while achieving the same emission control target with less burden added to the economy. 相似文献
67.
Chen Yujun Guan Bin Wu Xingze Guo Jiangfeng Ma Zeren Zhang Jinhe Jiang Xing Bao Shibo Cao Yiyan Yin Chengdong Ai Di Chen Yuxuan Lin He Huang Zhen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(5):11246-11271
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In recent years, with global climate change, the utilization of carbon dioxide as a resource has become an important goal of human society to achieve... 相似文献
68.
Ma Xiaodong Xue Yongxuan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(13):35588-35601
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - More and more emphasis is placed on the common development of economy and ecological environment in China’s development strategy, and one of the... 相似文献
69.
ABSTRACTThe present study was carried out to investigate the effect of three organic matters (stalk powder, microbial fertilizer, and manure) on Leymus chinensis germination, growth, and urease activity and available nitrogen (N) in coastal saline soil. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with eight treatments: J0V0Y0, J1V0Y0, J0V1Y0, J0V0Y1, J1V1Y0, J1V0Y1, J0V1Y1, J1V1Y1. The notations were based on the quantities of each agent added to 1 kg of coastal saline soil: J0 – no straw powder, J1 – 0.2 kg straw powder, Y0 – no manure, Y1 – 0.3 kg manure, V0 – no microbial fertilizer, V1 – 0.2 L microbial fertilizer, each in quantic repeat. L. chinensis was sown as 50 seeds per pot. Results indicated that addition of organic agents exerted a significantly enhanced germination, increase in fresh weight and elevated soil urease activity. Soil available N levels were significantly positively correlated with soil urease activity and fresh weight, but not with germination rate. It is noteworthy that the halophyte L. chinensis showed improved characteristics when grown in coastal saline soil with addition of organic amendments. 相似文献
70.
Cunxian Ma Guangshu Zhai Huimin Wu Izabela Kania-Korwel Hans-Joachim Lehmler Jerald L. Schnoor 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(3):2089-2098
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of persistent organic pollutants consisting of 209 congeners. Oxidation of several PCB congeners to hydroxylated PCBs (OH-PCBs) in whole poplar plants has been reported before. Moreover, 2,2′,3,5′,6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB95), as a chiral congener, has been previously shown to be atropselectively taken up and transformed in whole poplar plants. The objective of this study was to determine if PCB95 is atropselectively metabolized to OH-PCBs in whole poplar plants. Two hydroxylated PCB95s were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the roots of whole poplar plants exposed to racemic PCB95 for 30 days. The major metabolite was confirmed to be 4′-hydroxy-2,2′,3,5′,6-pentachlorobiphenyl (4′-OH-PCB95) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using an authentic reference standard. Enantioselective analysis showed that 4′-OH-PCB95 was formed atropselectively, with the atropisomer eluting second on the Nucleodex β-PM column (E2-4′-OH-PCB95) being slightly more abundant in the roots of whole poplar plants. Therefore, PCB95 can at least be metabolized into 4′-OH-PCB95 and another unknown hydroxylated PCB95 (as a minor metabolite) in whole poplar plants. Both atropisomers of 4′-OH-PCB95 are formed, but E2-4′-OH-PCB95 has greater atropisomeric enrichment in the roots of whole poplar plants. A comparison with mammalian biotransformation studies indicates a distinctively different metabolite profile of OH-PCB95 metabolites in whole poplar plants. Our observations suggest that biotransformation of chiral PCBs to OH-PCBs by plants may represent an important source of enantiomerically enriched OH-PCBs in the environment. 相似文献