树冠及叶凋落物对模拟酸雨缓冲能力的初探

用模拟试验的方法,对树冠、叶凋落物和鲜树叶缓冲酸雨的能力进行研究。结果表明,阔叶树比针叶树缓冲能力大;树叶汁液pH高的比低的缓冲能力大;阔叶树面积的大小,与缓冲能力成正比;针叶则相反。在pH2.0、3.0的处理中,它们的缓冲能力排序为:叶凋落物>鲜树叶>树冠。在pH4.5时,则是叶凋落物>树冠>鲜树叶。     

挥发性有机化合物及其二氧化钛光催化控制技术

介绍了挥发性有机化合物的来源、危害以及控制技术与措施,详细论述了纳米二氧化钛光催化控制技术的控制机理和应用现状。     

絮凝-厌氧-好氧处理抗菌素废水的试验研究

血清瓶毒性实验表明,抗菌素废水对厌氧消化具有强烈的抑制作用,废水经过絮凝处理,可以降低废水的毒性．筛选到一种混凝剂（试剂Ｂ）,可以去除废水ＣＯＤ５０％．预处理后的废水经过厌氧污泥床（ＵＡＳＢ）的处理,可以去除６０％的ＣＯＤ,处理系统内形成了颗粒污泥．厌氧处理后的出水,再通过两级好氧处理,出水ＣＯＤ可降至３００ｍｇ／Ｌ以下,达到生物制药废水行业排放标准．     

Ferric citrate-induced photodegradation of dyes in aqueous solutions

The photooxidation of dye solutions containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes was studied. The photodegradation under near-UV light of the five dyes, C. I. reactive red 2, C. I. reactive blue 4, C. I. reactive black 8, C. I. basic red 13 and C. I. basic yellow 2, in aqueous solutions at pH2.0 containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes was found to follow pseudo-first order kinetics. The photodegradation rates of the dye, C. I. reactive red 2, decreased with increasing the initial dye concentration in range of 20 – 60 mg/L . A comparatively higher photodegradation efficiency of the dye was gained under the condition of pH2.0 and the Fe(III) to citrate ratio 1:2.     

还原铁粉/紫外光体系对活性艳红X-3B溶液的脱色

研究了在紫外杀菌灯（λmax=253．7nm,30W）照射下,添加还原铁粉的活性艳红X－3B水溶液的脱色作用。当pH=3．5,铁粉投加量为2．0g／L时,20mg／L活性艳红X－3B溶液在光照180min后的脱色率为79％。脱色为动力学零级反应。染料溶液的pH、铁粉投加量、活性艳红初始浓度对脱色有影响。初步探讨了脱色反应的机理。     

龙口褐煤对Ni^2＋,Mn^2＋,Hg^2＋等重金属离子的吸附特性

本文以龙口褐煤作吸附剂,对重金属离子Ｎｉ＾２,Ｍｎ＾２＋,Ｈｇ＾２＋的单组分水溶液进行吸附研究,探讨了吸附剂的吸附性能,影响吸附的因素和吸附机理。结果表明：褐煤对Ｎｉ＾２＋,Ｍｎ＾２＋,Ｈｇ＾２＋的吸附均表现出Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ特征,ＰＨ值是影响吸附的一个重要因素。     

China’s sponge cities alleviate urban flooding and water shortage: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - About one tenth of humans are impacted by water shortages around the globe. Water resilience is worsening under climate change because intensifying weather...     

Experimental study on agitated drying characteristics of sewage sludge under the effects of different additive age

Drying experiments of dewatered sewage sludge (DSS) were conducted on a agitated paddle dryer, and the effects of additive agents, i.e., CaO, pulverized coal (PC), heavy oil (HO), and dried sludge ("DS" through back mixing) on the agitated drying characteristics of DSS were investigated. The results indicated that CaO can significantly increase the drying rate of DSS. The drying rate at CaO/DSS (mass ratio) = 1/100 was 135% higher than that of CaO/DSS = 0. Pulverized coal has no obvious effect on drying rate, but the increase of PC/DSS can promote breaking up of sludge lump. Heavy oil was found to be slightly effective in improving the drying rate of DSS in the examined experimental range of HO/DSS = 0-1/20. It is also found thatHOcan reduce the torque of the dryer shaft, due to its lubrication effect. Back mixing of DS was found to be effective in alleviating the unfavorable effect of the lumpy phase by improving the mixing effect of the paddle dryer. There was a marked increase of drying rate with an increase of the DS/DSS in the experimental range of DS/DSS = 0-1/3.     

Electrokinetic removal of chromium and copper from contaminated soils by lactic acid enhancement in the catholyte

The electrokinetic removal of chromium and copper from contaminated soils by adding lactic acid in cathode chamber as an enhancing reagent was evaluated. Two sets of duplicate experiments with chromium contaminated kaolinite and with a silty soil sampled from a supeffund site in Califomia of USA and polluted by Cr and Cu, were carried out in a constant current mode. Changes of soil water content and soil pH before and after the electrokinetic experiments, and variations of voltage drop and electroosmosis flow during the treatments were examined. The results indicated that Cr, spiked as Cr(Ⅵ) in the kaolinite, was accumulated mainly in the anode chamber, and some of Cr and metal hydroxides precipitated in the soil sections in contact with the cathode, which significantly increased electrical energy consumption. Treatment of the soil collected from the site showed accumulation of large amounts of Cr and Cu in the anode chamber while none was detected in the cathode one. The results suggested that the two metals either complexed with the injected lactic acid at the cathode or existed as negatively charged complex, and electromigrated toward the anode under a voltage gradient.     

矿物棉填料孔隙率对生物滴滤池水处理效果的影响

针对生物滴滤池因接触时间短而导致出水不达标的问题,采用3种容重(80、100、120 kg· m-3)的矿物棉作为滤池填料,考察了填料孔隙率对保水性的影响,分析了不同容重填料的生物滴滤池去除污染物的效能,探究了填料孔隙率对微生物群落特征的影响.结果 表明,矿物棉载体的吸水、保水性能随其孔隙率增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势;...