有反向压力粘性介质胀形铝、钛合金板实验研究

粘性介质压力成形是一种新发展起来的板金软模成形工艺,其对板料成形性能的影响可以通过胀形实验来检测和评价.文中采用一种具有应变速率敏感性的半固态粘性物质作为传力介质,采用胀形实验研究了在有、无施加反向压力的情况下,铝和钛合金板料的成形形状特征与应变分布.结果表明,粘性介质压力成形,尤其是存在反向压力时可提高板料的成形性能.     

长江下游某开发区的优先控制有机毒物研究

参考国内外有关优先控制污染物的筛选方法,以长江下游(江苏段)某开发区为例,通过污染源现状调查和水环境现状监测,提出了针对性的优先控制有机毒物筛选方法,并在该开发区进行应用,同时对区域有机毒物控制方案进行了建议。     

外加电场生物去污除磷的试验研究

为了探明外加电场条件下提高生物反应器去污除磷的可能性,试验中比较了普通生物反应器和外加电场生物反应器去污除磷效果的差别。结果表明:在试验条件下,外加电场生物反应器比普通生物反应器具有更高的除磷效率,并能在厌氧阶段促进磷的释放,而COD去除率提高并不明显。     

Degradation of crude oil by indigenous microorganisms supplemented with nutrients

Different kinds of mineral nutrients(NO3-N, NH4-N and PO4-P) were applied in the simulated oil-polluted seawater for enhancing oil biodegradation in the N/P ratio 10:1 and 20: 1. Although indigenous microorganisms have the ability to degrade oil, adding nutrients accelerated biodegradation rates significantly. For the group amended with NO3-N and PO4-P in the ratio 10:1, the reaction rate coefficient was 4 times higher than the natural biodegradation. Chemical and microbiological analysis showed that the optimal N/P ratio in the system is 10: 1, and microorganisms tend to utilize nitrate rather than ammonium as N source.     

应用MAGIC模型分析长江支流沱江主要离子含量的变化趋势

应用改进的集水区地下水酸化模型（ＭＡＧＩＣ）对四川境内长江支流沱江的主要离子含量变化趋势进行模拟．在只考虑酸沉降和土壤化学过程的情况下，模型模拟结果与沱江李家湾站１９７２—１９９０年测定的主要离子含量的变化趋势吻合，初步认为酸沉降是导致沱江主要离子含量变化的主要原因．     

膜生物反应器中污染物去除途径及膜过滤性能

采用一体式悬浮生长型和附着生长型膜生物反应器(MBR)处理微污染水源水,主要考察了两种MBR对污染物的去除途径和膜过滤性能。结果表明,两种MBR对主要污染物高锰酸盐指数和NH4+-N均有良好的去处效果,去除率分别达到66%和94%以上。悬浮生长型MBR的去除效果稍强于附着MBR,因为前者的生物量要高于后者。两种MBR的生物去除和膜去除对去除效果都有重要贡献,而膜去除是获得良好的出水水质的保证。曝气量对两种MBR的污染物去除效果没有明显影响,一定范围内增大曝气量会提高生物去除的比例。悬浮生长型MBR的膜污染速率要比附着生长型快得多,但运行稳定后,两者的膜比通量大致相当。     

大连星海湾水质预测

建设马栏河污水处理厂是改善大连市南部沿海环境的重要措施。本文运用浅海潮波方程和平流扩散方程进行海域水质预测,结果表明：该污水处理厂建成后,星海湾海域水质将有很大好转,达到国家二级标准。     

凤眼莲植物修复水溶液中甲基对硫磷的效果与机理研究

报道了凤眼莲（Eichhornia crassipes Solms）净化水溶液中甲基对硫磷的作用及修复甲基对硫磷污染水体的主要机理。研究结果表明，与空白抑菌水溶液相比，10－11g凤眼莲抑菌可将250mL的10mg/L的甲基对硫磷降解速度提高763．52％。处理10d后甲基对硫磷的消除率，凤眼莲培养液为99．9％，对照水溶液为40．1％。其修复机理主要是凤眼莲的直接吸收和微生物降解。在不抑菌条件下，凤眼莲对水溶液中甲 硫磷净化的贡献率达67．28％，微生物降解约占23．97％。     

Chemical and biological flocculation process to treat municipal sewage and analysis of biological function

The pilot-scale experimental apparatus and the procedure of the chemical and biological flocculation process to verify the feasibility in treating Shanghai municipal sewage were introduced in this paper. In addition, the biological function of the process was discussed. The results of optimal running showed that in the reaction tank, the concentration of mixed liquor suspended solid(MLSS) was 2 g/L, hydraulic retention time(HRT) was 35 min, dosage of liquid polyaluminium chloride(PAC) was 60 mg/L, and the concentration of polyacrylamide(PAM) was 0.5 mg/L. The effluent average concentrations of CODcr, TP, SS and BOD5 were 50 mg/L, 0.62 mg/L, 18 mg/L, and 17 mg/L, respectively. These were better than the designed demand. In addition, the existence of biological degradation in this system was proven by several methods. The removal efficiencies of the chemical and biological flocculation process were 20% higher than that of the chemical flocculation process above at the same coagulant dosage. The treatment process under different situations was evaluated on a pilot-scale experiment, and the results provided magnificent parameters and optimal condition for future operation of the plant.     

论生活垃圾处理与污染防治技术

详细分析了国内外生活垃圾污染途径和处理方法，根据中国生活垃圾的现状和特点，就国内外现有不同处理方式，提出了较为町行的生恬垃圾卫生填埋和污染防治技术。