生物脱氮处理城市污水初探

本文介绍了城市污水生物脱氮的基本原理，研究现状和进展。     

崇义县八仙脑钨锡矿床特征

通过对八仙脑矿区的地质工作,发现本区存在破碎带-石英脉复合型、石英细脉带型、云英岩-石英细(网)脉带型等一体多型钨锡多金属矿床类型,本文对其地质特征进行了较为详细的论述,总结了区内各钨锡多金属矿床类型找矿评价的工作方法。     

短程反硝化影响因素的研究

实验采用间歇式反应器研究了短程反硝化的影响因素。试验发现：当亚硝酸盐氮（NO2^--N）负荷在0．99kg．（kgMISS．d）^-1时，将C／N控制在2．4左右，pH值在7．0～8．5这个范围内，温度在26～32℃的范围内时，取得了很好的反硝化效果。     

生物相分离系统的污泥减量效能

为了寻找有效的污泥减量途径,采用生物相分离系统将细菌、原生动物、后生动物及其它大型微型动物相对分离,使有机物在系统的前端被降解,而在后端则主要由原生动物和后生动物完成污泥减量化.试验结果表明,当有机负荷为4.8 kg·m-3·d-1时,生物相分离系统的污泥产率为0.1 kg·kg-1(以COD计),减量比例为80%左右.同时,系统对COD去除率超过了90%,且出水水质满足污水综合排放标准GB8978-2002的一级标准要求.     

现代战争对环境造成的影响

论述了现代战争对环境造成的化学污染、放射性污染、生物污染、电磁辐射污染、噪声污染以及战争诱发地震、改变气候等影响.了解现代战争造成的这些污染和引起的变化,有助于战争中环境的保护和战后环境的恢复.     

论现代战争与环境污染

收集了大量有关海湾战争等现代战争造成的环境污染，包括空气、水和土壤污染的来源、种类以及污染程度等资料，分析了现代战争对环境的严重污染和巨大破坏作用，论述了如何正确处理战争与环境保护的关系。     

Palaeorunoff estimations achieved from palaeoclimatic information for the southwest part of the North China Plain: an attempt to apply a climatological approach to palaeohydrology

Palaeoclimatic scenario projecting annual temperature and annual precipitation is firstly formalized with data available and speculations for the southwest part of the North China Plain (35- 37°N, 115-119°E) during the last 25000 years. Then, with three regression equations relating annual runoff to annual precipitation and derived with data of modern hydrological and meteorological records, values of annual runoff are calculated in terms of the corresponding values of annual precipitation from this palaeoclimatic scenario for this region during this temporal interval. These results indicate that runoff is the most during 8000-3000a B.P. and the least during 25000-12000 a B. P.; runoff occurring during 12000-8000 a B.P. and during 3000-0 a B.P. is less than the one occurring during 8000-3000 a B.P. and more than the one occurring during 25000-12000 a B. P.; and the runoff occurring during 25000-12000 a B. P., 12000-8000 a B. P., and 3000-0 a B.P. is respectively 43, 46 and 66 percent of the one occurring during 8000-3000 a B.P. Values of bankfull discharge for palaeochannels of the Yellow River flowing in this region during the same interval are calculated from available estimates of slope of stream-bed of these palaeochannels with a regression equation relating bankfull discharge to slope of stream-bed and ratios of bankfull-discharge are further calculated from these values for different groups of palaeochannel formed during different time spans embraced in this interval. To conduct a cross-check, these values and ratios of bankfull-discharge are compared to the corresponding values and ratios of runoff occurring during roughly the same time spans. The same direction and similar relative magnitude of changes of the surface water occurring in this region during the last 25000 years are indicated by these comparisons.     

电渗透-过硫酸盐氧化对污泥胞外聚合物的影响

利用电渗透-高级氧化协同的方法,采用自制装置对市政污水厂的脱水污泥进行了深度脱水研究,系统研究了恒定电压和恒定电流对污泥脱水效果的影响,并分析了电渗透-高级氧化协同对污泥中胞外聚合物(EPS)的影响规律。结果表明,电压和电流的变化对于污泥脱水的影响显著,电渗透-高级氧化协同对污泥中的胞外聚合物有明显的破坏作用,其中电渗透作用对松散附着型EPS(LB-EPS)和黏液层EPS(S-EPS)的破坏明显,而高级氧化作用对于紧密黏附型EPS(TB-EPS)的破坏更为显著。     

基于桶式环形加热的阻燃电缆细观竖直燃烧特性研究实验平台的设计

针对阻燃电缆等难燃材料,为研究其在外界热源条件下的火灾性能与蔓延燃烧特性,研制了基于环形加热的阻燃电缆细观燃烧特性诊断实验平台。该平台主要包括三个部分,即:半封闭环形桶式加热与燃烧腔室、样品竖直固定模块和数据采集系统。实验参数的标定及典型阻燃电缆受热与燃烧实验结果表明,常规条件下无法点燃的阻燃电缆,当置于实验平台的加热炉内被加热一段时间后,底部小火源可将其点燃并呈现猛烈的燃烧与蔓延过程。该加热模块能够详细、准确地研究各种阻燃电缆在环形加热条件下的膨胀、引燃及蔓延燃烧的细观特性,而不同的加热模式有助于深入研究阻燃材料在各种热环境下的火灾特性,为阻燃材料的引燃机理及火蔓延模型研究提供了必要的研究平台。     

中国水污染防治40年回顾与展望

改革开放40多年来,我国水污染防治工作取得巨大成效。本文通过回顾我国水污染防治发展历程和总结不同阶段我国流域水污染防治工作特点,提出了面向2035年水生态环境保护的管理建议,以期为2035年美丽中国水环境建设提供参考。