表面活性剂对分枝杆菌KR2生长的影响

研究了表面活性剂的浓度、离子类型和分子结构等对分枝杆菌KR2菌株生长的影响。结果表明，一些表面活性剂在低浓度时可以促进分枝杆菌KR2的生长，高浓度时则会抑制KR2菌株的生长。表面活性剂的离子类型对KR2菌株生长抑制作用的顺序为：阳离子活性剂TDTMA＞阴离子表面活性剂LAS＞非离子表面活性剂Tween80。表面活性剂的直链长度对KR2菌株生长的影响为：直链越短，对分枝杆菌KR2菌株生长的抑制作用越大。     

膜分离技术处理电镀废水的实验研究

采用纳滤＋反渗透2级处理系统浓缩回收电镀铜漂洗废水。实验结果显示：在△P=1．5MPa条件下进行浓缩．纳滤膜可以使料液浓缩近10倍。纳滤膜对Cu^2＋的截留率在96％以上，对COD的截留率在57％以上。在△P=3．0MPa条件下进行浓缩，反渗透膜可以使料液浓缩近10倍。反渗透膜对Cu^2＋的截留率在98％以上，对COD的截留率在67％以上。随着料液浓度的增加，纳滤膜和反渗透膜的截留率会降低。     

Recovery of heavy metals from electroplating sludge and stainless steel pickle waste liquid by ammonia leaching method

１　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｐｌａｔｉｎｇｓｌｕｄｇｅ，ｃｏｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇＣｕ，Ｎｉ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｆｅ，ｅｔｃ．，ｉｓｈａｒｍｆｕｌｗａｓｔｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｇａｌｖａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ．Ｔｈｅｒｅｉｓｓｔｉｌｌｎｏｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｍｅｔｈｏｄｔｏｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅａｎｄｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎｂｏｔｈａｔｈｏｍｅａｎｄａｂｒｏａｄ．Ｔｈｅｍｅｔａｌｓｄｉｓｃａｒｄｅｄｂｙｇａｌｖａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙａｍｏｕｎ…     

Acoustical environment of urban area related to the city development

This paper analyzes the relationship between urban development and noise pollution. The analysis, based on a wide range of measurements and statistical data,reveals the changes of the ambient noise resulting from city development. In conclusion the paper suggests some fundamental measures for improving the acoustical environment, the division of cities into functional areas and the development of a well designed road network. In addition, it is suggested that town planning, architecture and the implementation of appropriate regulations could also help to reduce noise levels.     

小诺霉素发酵废水好氧生物处理试验研究

对具有强抑制性污染物的抗生素小诺霉素发酵废水，选择活性污泥、粉末活性炭（ＰＡＣＴ）、纯氧曝气等３种好氧生物处理法进行了比较试验。根据实验结果，小诺霉素发酵废水的生物降解呈抑制动力学，采用Ｍａｒｑｕａｒｔ方法对动力学模式进行参数估计。ＰＡＣＴ能够有效地降低降解过程中微生物受到的抑制作用，从而明显地改善了生物处理过程动力学。     

Yellow River Valley flood and drought disaster:spatial-temporal distribution predictionand early-warning

ＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒＶａｌｌｅｙｆｌｏｏｄａｎｄｄｒｏｕｇｈｔｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒ：ｓｐａｔｉａｌ－ｔｅｍｐｏｒａｌｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｅａｒｌｙ－ｗａｒｎｉｎｇＧａｏＬｉｎ，ＳｈａＷａｎｙｉｎｇ，ＬｉｕＨｕａｉｑｕａｎ，...     

饮用水源中三卤甲烷含量及与遗传毒性的相关性研究

通过对某市饮用水源中不同点位的三卤甲烷浓度测试,同时采用SOS/ Umu 试验对水体进行生物遗传毒性分析,结果表明:采用液氯消毒工艺的地表水厂在消毒后水样和用户端水样中检出的三卤甲烷含量较高,而采用二氧化氯消毒的地下水厂的出水中挥发性有机物仅略有上升;进行三卤甲烷浓度和生物遗传毒性之间的相关性分析得知,三卤甲烷和间接遗传毒性的相关性较好.     

二级出水中磷的混凝处理研究

以北京市某污水处理厂的二级出水中总磷为去除对象,通过混凝的静态烧杯实验[1],确定了二级出水除磷效果较好的絮凝剂聚合氯化铁(PFC)[2]和Al2(SO4)3[3]混合使用的最佳投药量,使出水中磷(TP)符合再生水水质标准的要求.絮凝剂组合时静态混凝烧杯实验表明:PFC-Al2(SO4)3体积比1∶1时,最佳投药量离子浓度比为:Fe3 /Al3 ∶9.9/7(mg·L-1),此时TP去除率为93%,浊度去除率为33%.PFC-Al2(SO4)3体积比1:2时,最佳投药量离子浓度比为:Fe3 /Al3 ∶4.95/7(mg·L-1),此时TP去除率为88%,浊度去除率为71%.     

Adsorption selectivity of salicylic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid onto hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents

Both bottle-point and column-feeding experiments involving different solutes and sorbents were carried out to investigate the adsorption selectivity and separation performance of salicylic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid. Their adsorption isotherms onto such hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents as NDA-100 and NDA-99 could be well described by the Freundlich equations whose characteristics describe extrathermic and favorable adsorption processes. The adsorption towards NDA-100 mainly depended on the π-π interaction, while that towards NDA-99 was extremely influenced by the static-electric interaction. Additionally, the adsorptive capacity of salicylic acid on NDA-99 decreased while it increased on NDA-100 with the presence of 5-sulfosalicylic acid in the adsorptive environment as the competitive component. Comparatively, the adsorption capacity of 5-sulfosalicylic acid decreased on both resins with salicylic acid as the competitive component. In fact, the difference in the interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate resulted in the straight antagonism on the effective adsorption sites on the adsorbent. In conclusion, the adsorption selectivity of salicylic acid onto NDA-100 was obviously larger than that onto NDA-99 with the existence of 5-sulfosalicylic acid in the adsorptive environment. A satisfactory separation and recovery of tested solutes in aqueous phase could be foreseeably achieved by the sequencing adsorption technique involving NDA-100 as well as NDA-99. Translated from Environmental Pollution & Control, 2005, 27(8): 570–574 [译自: 环境污染与防治]     

沧州炼油厂恶臭污染与防治浅析

炼油厂在生产过程中产生的废气易引起环境恶臭污染，通过对污染源进行治理，加强生产管理，杜绝无组织排放，实行有效监督是防止恶臭污染的关键。