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181.
针对我国目前废旧纺织品处理中存在的问题,从纺织产品生命周期的视角对其生产、流通、消费、回收使用、收集转运和末端处理6个环节进行了分析。在此基础上,建立了由"源头管理"、"中间管理"和"末端管理"3个部分构成的废旧纺织品全过程管理体系。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to assess the total concentration and health risk to infants of breast milk mercury in urban mothers and mothers married to fishermen in relation to fish intake in Taiwan. A total of sixty-eight healthy mothers were recruited for the study. The breast milk mercury geometric mean concentration was 2.02 microgl(-1) (n=56, range: 0.24-9.45 microgl(-1)) for the city group and 2.04 microgl(-1) (n=12, range: 0.26-8.62 microgl(-1)) for the fishermen's group. Of the three sources of mercury exposure (i.e., ingestion (breast milk), inhalation (ambient air), and dermal exposure (shower)), breast-feeding was found to be the largest (96.3-99.6% of the total). From a Monte Carlo simulation, in which methyl mercury accounted for about 50% of total mercury, the hazard quotient (exposure estimate/oral minimal risk level or target organ toxicity dose) exceeded 1.0 for 12.9% of urban babies and 18.8% of fishermen's babies (chronic oral minimal risk level and target organ toxicity dose: 3 x 10(-4)mgkg(-1)d(-1)). The calculated mercury exposure was 3.02 x 10(-1) microgkg(-1)d(-1) for a 3.49 kg urban baby boy and 3.06 x 10(-1) microgkg(-1)d(-1) for a 3.44 kg urban baby girl. These results suggest the life style of mothers (eating raw fish and shellfish such as used in "Sashimi" and "Sushi," and vitamin supplementation) may influence the mercury concentration in breast milk. 相似文献
183.
Humic substances from eight soils of varying properties were extracted by two different methods: (1) the traditional NaOH-extraction with subsequent acidification to different pH (approximately 1 to approximately 12) and sequential extractions using 0.01 M NaNO(3) at incremental pH (approximately 1 to approximately 11). Cumulative organic matter (OM) in the sequential extractions showed properties that were consistent with NaOH-extracted OM. The release of Al and Fe in the sequential extractions was closely related with the release of organic carbon (OC). The ratio of OC associated with humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) (the HA:FA ratio) varied widely among the soils indicating heterogeneity in their OM composition. However, a significant correlation between this HA:FA ratio and the NaOH extractable %OC content of the soils is indicative of the possible relationship between them. Between pH 5 and 7, which is a typical soil solution pH, a significant amount of HA-associated OC was soluble. In modeling metal speciation in soil solutions, it has been assumed that all dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that is active toward metal binding is associated with FA. The results of this study indicate that the validity of these assumptions based on model sensitivity alone is questionable. 相似文献
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Jian Pu Shinobu Kazama Takayuki Miura Nabila Dhyan Azraini Yoshimitsu Konta Hiroaki Ito You Ueki Ermaya Eka Cahyaningrum Tatsuo Omura Toru Watanabe 《Food and environmental virology》2016,8(4):310-312
Norovirus GII.3, GII.4, and GII.17 were detected using pyrosequencing in sewage and oysters in January and February 2015, in Japan. The strains in sewage and oyster samples were genetically identical or similar, predominant strains belonging to GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 lineage. This is the first report of GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 in oysters. 相似文献
187.
本文以福建省龙海市为例,分析了龙海市农业发展优势与存在的问题,提出了建设海峡西岸高效持续农业示范区的基本思路与技术对策 相似文献
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腈氯纶吸附纤维对亚甲基蓝和铅离子的共吸附行为研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用无机活性炭与丙烯腈-偏氯乙烯共聚体共混,以二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂纺制了腈氯纶吸附纤维,并用水合肼控制预交联过程,通过碱性水解制得羧酸钠型离子交换吸附纤维,着重考察了该纤维在染料亚甲基蓝和重金属Pb2 混合共存条件下对2种物质的共吸附行为.结果表明,混合条件下,该纤维对亚甲基蓝和Pb2 的吸附量可分别达到9.5 mg·g-1和487.8 mg·g-1;活性炭对亚甲基蓝的物理吸附与改性纤维对Pb2 的离子交换过程同时发生,离子交换的发生对物理吸附的影响较大;Langmuir模式比Freundlich模式更适于描述Pb2 的等温吸附过程;随着温度的升高,纤维的物理吸附能力增强,而对Pb2 的离子交换性能变化不大;pH为中性条件时,纤维对Pb2 和亚甲基蓝的吸附量均达到最大. 相似文献
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