生物接触氧化+混凝沉淀工艺处理医院综合污水

利用生物接触氧化、混凝沉淀工艺改造原处理工艺,处理中型医院综合污水,设计能力100 m3/d,处理效果显著且稳定达标。废水进水水质ρ(COD)为408~594 mg/L、ρ(SS)为211~280 mg/L;调试稳定后,出水水质ρ(COD)为12~40 mg/L、ρ(SS)为11~18 mg/L,COD、SS去除率分别为90.2%~97.9%、91.5%~96.1%,出水水质达山东省DB37/596-2006《医疗污染物排放标准》的二级排放标准。     

高位钻孔采空区瓦斯抽采技术应用效果分析

本文以贵州发耳煤矿10102采煤工作面作为研究对象,对采空区高位钻孔抽放瓦斯原理进行论述,并且结合此原理设计高位钻孔的抽放参数。为有效快捷地评价高位钻孔的抽放效果,本文通过单元法对其进行评价,最终找到存在的问题及其解决方法。该技术的应用实践解决了该工作面瓦斯超限的问题,获得了有价值的技术参数,积累了宝贵的实践经验。     

Effects of Al3+ on pollutant removal and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) under anaerobic,anoxic and oxic conditions

The highest removal efficiencies of COD and TN were achieved under 10 mg/L of Al³⁺. The highest TP removal efficiency occurred under 30 mg/L of Al³⁺. EPS, PS and PN concentrations increased with the addition of Al³⁺. Sludge properties significantly changed with the addition of Al³⁺. Aluminum ions produced by aluminum mining, electrolytic industry and aluminum-based coagulants can enter wastewater treatment plants and interact with activated sludge. They can subsequently contribute to the removal of suspended solids and affect activated sludge flocculation, as well as nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In this study, the effects of Al³⁺ on pollutant removal, sludge flocculation and the composition and structure of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were investigated under anaerobic, anoxic and oxic conditions. Results demonstrated that the highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies were detected for an Al³⁺ concentration of 10 mg/L. In addition, the maximal dehydrogenase activity and sludge flocculation were also observed at this level of Al³⁺. The highest removal efficiency of total phosphorus (TP) was achieved at an Al³⁺ concentration of 30 mg/L. The flocculability of sludge in the anoxic zone was consistently higher than that in the anaerobic and oxic zones. The addition of Al³⁺ promoted the secretion of EPS. Tryptophan-like fluorescence peaks were detected in each EPS layer in the absence of Al³⁺. At the Al³⁺ concentration of 10 mg/L, fulvic acid and tryptophan fluorescence peaks began to appear, while the majority of protein species and the highest microbial activity were also detected. Low Al³⁺ concentrations (<10 mg/L) could promote the removal efficiencies of COD and TN, yet excessive Al³⁺ levels (>10 mg/L) weakened microbial activity. Higher Al³⁺ concentrations (>30 mg/L) also inhibited the release of phosphorus in the anaerobic zone by reacting with PO₄^3-.     

上海室内外降尘磁学空间变化特征

采用磁学方法分析上海市室内外降尘样品的磁学参数在不同功能区和不同行政区的变化特征,探讨影响室内外降尘磁学性质的影响因素。研究结果表明:上海市大气降尘污染有自然和人为2种影响因素;室内外降尘样品的磁性特征均受磁铁矿控制,主要以假单畴和多畴颗粒为主;低频磁化率在功能区上呈现出工业区(553.464×10~(-8)m~3/kg)交通区(484.302×10~(-8) m~3/kg)商业区(443.216×10~(-8) m~3/kg)居住区(320.849×10~(-8) m~3/kg)清洁区(269×10~(-8) m~3/kg)的空间变化趋势在行政区上整体呈现出宝山区(558.104×10~(-8) m~3/kg)、杨浦区(464.263×10~(-8) m~3/kg)的磁化率偏高,崇明区(218.673×10~(-8) m~3/kg)、奉贤区(218.868×10~(-8) m~3/kg)、松江区(218.689×10~(-8) m~3/kg)磁化率较低。室内外降尘的低频磁化率(χ_(if))、饱和等温剩磁(SIRM)和非磁滞剩磁磁化率(χ_(ARM))的相关系数分别为0.777、0.504、0.547,有较好的正相关关系表明室内外降尘来源很可能存在一定的趋同性。对比分析不同磁学参数,可以更好地反映降尘污染状况。研究发现χ_(lf)、SIRM和χ_(ARM)可以作为上海市大气降尘磁性特征的有效参考指标。在不同行政区大气降尘磁化率和PM_(10)浓度表现出相似的空间变化趋势。降尘样品的磁学参数测量速度快,方便用于监测城市空气污染的状况,在一定程度上可以对空气污染指数有一定的指代作用。     

浅谈煤炭企业建立"以人为本"的安全管理理念

煤炭企业的一切生产经营活动,都离不开"人"这个第一要素,而煤炭企业的发展是依赖生产的发展才能够体现其先进生产力的要素,一是先进的技术、设备、工艺;二是具有较高文化水平,能够熟悉设备性能,掌握操作技能,生产出优质产品和做到文明生产的作业工人.     

Hydraulic characteristics of open-channel flow with partially-placed double layer rigid vegetation

Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Vegetation in watercourses can influence different aspects of flow structure, subsequently affecting many processes of flow, such as pollutant transportation,...     

Recycling combustibles from aged municipal solid wastes (MSW) to improve fresh MSW incineration in Shanghai: Investigation of necessity and feasibility

Aged municipal solid wastes (MSW) excavated from landfills and dumpsites were characterized to analyze their fraction composition, moisture content, and lower heat value (LHV). The necessity and feasibility of recycling combustibles from aged MSW to improve the incineration of fresh MSW were investigated. The results showed that combustibles in aged MSW were easily separated from other components and than LHV of the separated combustibles are higher than 11000 kJ/kg. The fresh MSW are of high moisture contents with average LHV below 6500 kJ/kg, making their stable combustion difficult to maintain in MSW incinerators. For both fresh MSW and aged MSW, plastics are the main contributor to their LHV. To improve incineration of fresh MSW that are characterized with low LHV, combustibles separated from aged MSW were made into refuse derived fuel (RDF) pellets and were then added to fresh MSW by 2% wt.–5% wt. LHV variation and air supply resistance change of the MSW layer on the incinerator grate caused by the addition of RDF was checked, and no significant changes were found. No obvious difference was observed for the ‘burn-out time’ between RDF pellets and fresh MSW either. RDF made from aged MSW combustibles is found to be a promising auxiliary fuel to improve the incineration of fresh MSW, and aged MSW from old landfill cells and dumpsites can be finally disposed of jointly with fresh MSW by recycling combustible from the former to be coincinerated with the latter in the incineration plants.     

低浓度生活污水处理工艺调试运行

介绍了绩溪污水处理厂在低浓度进水条件下的生物启动和调试运行,通过外加碳源虽然可以暂时缓解培养初期活性污泥增长缓慢的问题,但不是长期的运行方式。可以引入部分工业废水至生物处理系统,以提高进水有机底物浓度。但要特别注意避免冲击负荷对系统带来的破坏性影响,同时应根据实际情况灵活调整工艺参数。     

菲高效降解菌的降解特性及其受蒙脱石的影响研究

通过选择性富集培养与纯化,从广州油制气厂附近的污染土壤中分离获得一株能以菲为唯一碳源和能源,快速生长的优势菌株（编号为YZ-1）。16S rDNA序列分析结果表明,YZ-1菌株为琼氏不动杆菌（Acinetobacter junii）。当无机盐培养液中菲初始质量浓度为100mg·L-1时,45h内该菌株对菲的降解率可达到99.5%。YZ-1菌株的最佳生长条件为pH7.4,温度30℃,摇床转速160r·min-1。加入蒙脱石矿物之后,在降解的初期（前16h）表现为促进菲的生物降解作用,但随着时间的延长,菲的降解速率逐渐低于不加蒙脱石体系,并随蒙脱石含量或菲质量浓度的增加,此抑制延缓现象愈加明显。矿物对高浓度的菲具有吸附分散作用,而对低浓度的菲具有吸附保护作用。     

河道综合治理后城市水体沉积物中微塑料污染特征研究 ——以汾河太原城区段为例

以先后经过3期综合整治工程(包括截污纳管 、湿地营建 、滨河景观建设等)的汾河太原城区段为研究对象,对其沉积物中微塑料进行了研究.结果表明:汾河太原城区段沉积物中微塑料丰度为108～732个/kg,上游未经河道治理的采样点丰度最高,河道综合治理后微塑料丰度明显下降;白色(35％)在所有微塑料颜色中占比(数量占比,下同)...