The unfolding of ‘12.23’ Kaixian blowout accident in China

In this research, which takes the ‘12.23’ Kaixian blowout accident in Chongqing as an example, firstly the basic information of the accident, including the affected area, the accident process and the accident consequences, was described. Secondly, the development of the accident and other correlative things were researched in detail, especially the monitoring result of concentrations of toxic gases at different times. Thirdly, the blowout accident was categorized into three stages, and the causes of each stage were analyzed in depth together with the events and causal factors charting. Lastly, the profound problems exposed in the disaster were thoroughly discussed. The analysis on ‘12.23’ Kaixian blowout accident indicates that deficiencies in the proper understanding of the hazards by the crew/management as well as inadequacies in risk assessment, management, and the absence of effective countermeasures resulted in the loss of lives.     

安全生产标准化在胜利油田的实施建义

2004年,国家安全监管局印发了《关于开展安全质量标准化活动的指导意见》,煤矿、非煤矿山、危险化学品、烟花爆竹、冶金、机械等行业均     

Synthesis of a three-dimensional network sodium alginate–poly(acrylic acid)/attapulgite hydrogel with good mechanic property and reusability for efficient adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Water pollution caused by heavy metals has dramatically impacted ecosystems in recent years. For instance, 45.4% of lakes in China are in the category of moderate...     

套箍法加固RC偏压柱承载力计算方法研究

为研究套箍法加固RC偏压柱的承载力实用计算方法,利用29根加固柱的试验资料,对《混凝土结构加固设计规范》GB 50367—2013和GB 50367—2006的承载力计算方法进行了研究,将试件承载力计算值与实测值进行对比发现,两部规范的承载力计算结果比较接近,计算结果的整体准确性都不够好、偏于不安全,尤其对大偏压柱的承载力计算较为不安全。根据加固柱的受力破坏特性,定义了3种破坏极限状态,基于3种极限状态下的截面应变分布分析,建立了加固柱的承载力计算公式,验证表明,该公式的计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,且偏于安全。     

重庆黔江地区2014年PM_(2.5)浓度变化分析

本文整理分析了2014年重庆黔江区的PM2.5变化规律。从每个月来看,重庆黔江区2014年PM2.5污染逐渐加剧,造成这种现象的原因与天气、城市基础设施建设和工业废气的排放有关,因此应主要从控制人为污染源的出发,降低重庆黔江地区PM2.5的浓度。     

Kinetics of Solvent Blue and Reactive Yellow removal using microwave radiation in combination with nanoscale zero-valent iron

We investigated the efficiency and kinetics of the degradation of soluble dyes over the p H range 5.0–9.0 using a method employing microwave radiation in combination with nanoscale zero-valent iron(MW–n ZVI). The n ZVI particles(40–70 nm in diameter) were prepared by a liquid-phase chemical reduction method employing starch as a dispersant.Compared to the removal of Solvent Blue 36 and Reactive Yellow K-RN using only n ZVI,more rapid and efficient dye removal and total organic carbon removal were achieved using MW–n ZVI. The dye removal efficiency increased significantly with decreasing p H, but was negligibly affected by variation in the microwave power. The kinetics of dye removal by MW–n ZVI followed both an empirical equation and the pseudo first-order model, while the kinetics of dye removal using n ZVI could only be described by an empirical equation. It was also concluded that microwave heating of the dye solutions as well as acceleration of corrosion of n ZVI and consumption of Fe(II) were possible reasons behind the enhanced dye degradation.     

Photodegradation of methylmercury in Jialing River of Chongqing, China

Photodegradation(PD) of methylmercury(MMHg) is a key process of mercury(Hg) cycling i water systems, maintaining MMHg at a low level in water systems. However, we posses little knowledge of this important process in the Jialing River of Chongqing, China. In sit incubation experiments were thus performed to measure temporal patterns and influencin factors of MMHg PD in this river. The results showed that MMHg underwent a ne demethylation process under solar radiation in the water column, which predominantl occurred in surface waters. For surface water, the highest PD rate constants were observed i spring(12 × 10-3± 1.5 × 10~(-3)m~2/E), followed by summer(9.0 × 10~(-3)± 1.2 × 10~(-3)m~2/E), autum(1.4 × 10~(-3)± 0.12 × 10~(-3)m~2/E), and winter(0.78 × 10~(-3)± 0.11 × 10~(-3)m~2/E). UV-A radiatio(320–400 nm), UV-B radiation(280–320 nm), and photosynthetically active radiation(PAR400–700 nm) accounted for 43%–64%, 14%–31%, and 16%–45% of MMHg PD, respectively. PD rat constants varied substantially with the treatments that filtered the river water and amended with chemicals(i.e., Cl-, NO_3~-, dissolved organic matter(DOM), Fe(III)), which reveals tha suspended particulate matter and water components are important factors in affecting the PD process. For the entire water column, the PD rate constant determined for each wavelengt range decreased rapidly with water depth. UV-A, UV-B, and PAR contributed 27%–46%, 6.2%12%, and 42%–65% to the PD process, respectively. PD flux was estimated to be 4.7 μg/(m~2·yea in the study site. Our results are very important to understand the cycling characteristics o MMHg in the Jialing River of Chongqing, China.     

中国工业出口能力结构与环境污染的关联分析研究

在依据出口能力不同对中国工业行业进行分类的基础上,利用灰色关联分析,定量比较了出口能力不同工业行业对环境污染的影响差异;通过构造环境影响系数,分析了依出口能力差异划分的工业结构变动对环境污染的影响趋势。研究表明,中国出口能力强的工业行业对环境污染影响较大,目前的工业行业出口能力结构变动趋势对环境污染有减轻迹象,适度降低工业行业结构中出口能力强行业的比重,有助于减轻中国环境污染压力。     

Evaluation of Bacillus sp. MZS10 for decolorizing Azure B dye and its decolorization mechanism

To evaluate decolorization and detoxification of Azure B dye by a newly isolated Bacillus sp. MZS10 strain, the cultivation medium and decolorization mechanism of the isolate were investigated. The decolorization was discovered to be dependent on cell density of the isolate and reached 93.55%(0.04 g/L) after 14 hr of cultivation in a 5 L stirred-tank fermenter at 2.0 g/L yeast extract and 6.0 g/L soluble starch and a small amount of mineral salts. The decolorization metabolites were identified with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy(UPLC-MS). A mechanism for decolorization of Azure B was proposed as follows: the C=N in Azure B was initially reduced to –NH by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)-dependent quinone dehydrogenase, and then the –NH further combined with –OH derived from glucose to form a stable and colorless compound through a dehydration reaction. The phytotoxicity was evaluated for both Azure B and its related derivatives produced by Bacillus sp. MZS10 decolorization, indicating that the decolorization metabolites were less toxic than original dye. The decolorization efficiency and mechanism shown by Bacillus sp. MZS10 provided insight on its potential application for the bioremediation of the dye Azure B.     

应用区间层次分析法(IAHP)研究高层建筑火灾安全因素

高层建筑物的火灾安全影响因素繁多,其对建筑物火灾安全性的影响不容易确定,采用传统的层次分析法对某些因子的影响权重进行确定时难度较大.本文采用区间层次分析法来解决这一问题.首先建立影响高层建筑火灾安全的层次分析模型,然后用区间层次分析法确定影响因子,采用区间数特征根法求出各个火灾安全因子的权重值,并进行一致性检验.研究表明,影响高层建筑火灾安全的因子从大到小依次为:安全疏散措施、管理与维护、消防设施、报警与灭火系统、阻燃与防火结构,得到了每个因子的权重.采用同样的方法确定了每个影响因子的子因子的权重及重要性排序.其结果与实际情况基本相符.表明在进行高层建筑火灾安全性评估时,区间层次分析法是一种较好的方法.