A pyrazine based metal-organic framework for selective removal of copper from strongly acidic solutions

● pz-UiO-66 was synthesized facilely by a solvothermal method. ● Efficient capture of copper from highly acidic solution was achieved by pz-UiO-66. ● pz-UiO-66 exhibited excellent selectivity and capacity for copper capture. ● Pyrazine-N in pz-UiO-66 was shown to be the dominant adsorption site. The selective capture of copper from strongly acidic solutions is of vital importance from the perspective of sustainable development and environmental protection. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted the interest of many scholars for adsorption due to their fascinating physicochemical characteristics, including adjustable structure, strong stability and porosity. Herein, pz-UiO-66 containing a pyrazine structure is successfully synthesized for the efficient separation of copper from strongly acidic conditions. Selective copper removal at low pH values is accomplished by using this material that is not available in previously reported metal–organic frameworks. Furthermore, the material exhibits excellent adsorption capacity, with a theoretical maximum copper uptake of 247 mg/g. As proven by XPS and FT-IR analysis, the coordination of pyrazine nitrogen atoms with copper ions is the dominant adsorption mechanism of copper by pz-UiO-66. This work provides an opportunity for efficient and selective copper removal under strongly acidic conditions, and promises extensive application prospects for the removal of copper in the treatment for acid metallurgical wastewater.     

鲤鱼对2,6-二硝基甲苯的生物浓缩、消除与代谢研究

 以鲤鱼为实验生物，应用流动式摄取及释放装置，进行了2，6－二硝基甲苯（2，6－DNT）的生物浓缩与释放研究。取得了2，6－DNT在鲤鱼（全鱼）、肝及肠部的生物浓缩曲线。全鱼的浓缩曲线可以稳态（平台式）曲线描述，但是肝、肠部浓缩曲线均呈峰形。肝部峰快速下降后渐趋稳态，肠部峰下降未得稳态。峰形，肝在先，肠在后。对比2，6－DNT在全鱼及肝、肠的生物浓缩曲线，并参照报道_（1，2）指出，全鱼摄取曲线上各点所表现的浓度值为各时刻鱼体内各组织摄取化学品总重对全鱼重量的比值。肝、肠部峰形曲线预示了在肝、肠内生物浓缩过程发生了生物转化作用。对全鱼的生物浓缩过程应用单区一级动力学模型，求得BCF值与消除速率常数K₁与K₂，由K₁/K₂计算得到的BCF值与实测值相符。释放较慢，释放曲线呈双曲线形，半减期为4.8h。     

Resistance of Villages to Elevated-Road Traffic Noise

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the methods of reducing elevated-road traffic-noise levels in rural residential areas by controlling the relative locations and morphological parameters and to investigate the effect of noise barriers on noise attenuation along elevated roads and building facades in villages. This study selected six morphological parameters and used noise-mapping techniques to estimate the noise attenuation in 60 village sites. The results indicate that ‘quiet areas’ increase by approximately 10% for each additional 100 m increase in the distance between the elevated road and the village. The best strategy for noise reduction is keeping the elevated road 1,000 m away from the village and raising the road height to 20 m. The building façade conditions only affect the traffic noise level attenuation when the buildings are within 100 m of the elevated road. It was found that the cost-effective length of the road noise barrier is 600 m on both sides of the village parallel to the road. The results highlight the importance of using morphology to improve the traffic noise resistance of villages. The landscape shape indices of buildings and roads are the most important parameters that affect the traffic noise attenuation of elevated roads.     

自动变光焊接滤光片响应时间快速测试设备

自动变光焊接防护装备已在欧美国家得到广泛应用,其关键部件是自动变光焊接滤光片。响应时间是自动变光焊接滤光片的关键技术指标,目前国内缺乏响应时间快速测试技术。本文介绍了一种响应时间快速测试设备,可以满足符合欧洲标准及我国国家标准中的测试要求。     

HSE管理体系运行常见问题分析及对策

1HSE管理体系运行的常见问题国内石油企业推行HSE管理体系已经十余年,在从上到下各级领导的高度重视下,由最初的少数企业行为,发展到现今的全面推进实施,普遍应用这一系统方法管理企业职业健康、安全和环境工作,     

Degradation mechanism of ammonia nitrogen synergistic with bromate under UV or UV/TiO2

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Bromate (BrO3?) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+) are both typical environmental pollutants: BrO3? has been categorized as one of the Group 2B...     

典型养殖型湖泊中的重金属含量及健康风险特征——以宿鸭湖为例

为评估典型水产养殖型湖泊中的重金属含量水平及其人体健康风险特征,系统采集并测定了宿鸭湖湖水、周边地下水、沉积物及鱼体中的重金属含量.在此基础上计算了不同重金属在不同介质间(湖水-鱼体、湖水-沉积物及沉积物-鱼体)的转移因子,并通过健康风险指数计算定量分析了宿鸭湖水生态系统中重金属对人体的健康影响,以及不同暴露途径的风险贡献率.结果表明:Zn、Ba和Sr在不同介质体内含量均较高,而Sn和Cd的含量均比较低.Cr和Zn在鱼体中的均值含量超过WHO鱼类产品中重金属的含量限值,具有潜在毒性;湖水和地下水中的所有重金属浓度均低于饮用水标准中的相关限值;部分沉积物样品中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb含量超出环境保护部《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—2008)自然背景值,但低于美国华盛顿州沉积物化学标准(WAC 172-204-320)中的含量限值,已构成轻微污染.不同介质间的转化因子分析表明,鱼体对湖水中的Zn、Sr、Ba、Cu、Cr、Ni、Co、Sn和Cd均存在富集作用;但除Zn以外,鱼体对沉积物中的其他重金属无明显的富集作用;宿鸭湖水生态系统中的重金属Cr对人体的HRI值为1.6,其健康危害效应不可忽视;食用鱼类是导致Cr人体健康危害的主要途径,贡献率高达94%;最后,与非养殖型湖泊相比,宿鸭湖水库中鱼体内Pb和Cr的含量明显偏高,且重金属从湖水到沉积物的转移因子明显偏高,而从湖水到鱼的生物浓缩因子相对较低.     

H2O2处理酸性大红GR染料废水的研究

通过对废水pH值、H2O2用量、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度等工艺条件的考察,确定了H2O2催化氧化处理酸性大红染料废水的最佳工艺条件pH 4、H2O2用量6 mL/L、催化剂用量3 g/L、反应时间100 min、反应温度70℃.在该条件下,COD和色度的去除率分别为76.7%和99.4%;通过反应前后的紫外-可见光光谱分析表明,H2O2催化氧化处理酸性大红GR染料废水有比较好的效果,为该工艺处理酸性大红GR染料废水提供了科学依据.     

采用络合萃取法从维生素B12发酵废液中回收丙酸

采用络合萃取法回收维生素B12发酵废液中的丙酸,确定了络合萃取的最佳工艺条件：以0．5mol／L的磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为络合剂,油水比(体积比)为1：2,常温下萃取30min。在最佳工艺条件下单级萃取率为56％左右,四级萃取率可达98％以上。络合萃取过程中使用的有机溶剂可反复使用,使成本大大降低。     

地裂缝上内廊式框架结构计算分析

通过查阅大量参考资料,根据地裂缝的成因机制与灾害特征,利用西安地区1989年第三季度—1990年第四季度的地裂缝实测数据,以四层内廊式横向框架结构模型为研究对象,采用SAP2000有限元软件,对地裂缝上的建筑结构进行内力变化和结构变形的分析和对比,从而标识出结构中最容易破坏的构件,为建筑结构设计提供一定的理论参考。