The impact of cross-shareholding under different power structures considering green investment and green marketing

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cross-shareholding has played an important role in strengthening strategic synergy among enterprises, but its impact on the green development of...     

Variation characteristics of fine particulate matter and its components in diesel vehicle emission plumes

A rapid reaction occurs near the exhaust nozzle when vehicle emissions contact the air. Twenty diesel vehicles were studied using a new multipoint sampling system that is suitable for studying the exhaust plume near the exhaust nozzle. The variation characteristics of fine particle matter (PM_2.5) and its components in diesel vehicle exhaust plumes were analyzed. The PM_2.5 emissions gradually increased with increasing distance from the nozzle in the plume. Elemental carbon emissions remained basically unchanged, organic carbon and total carbon (TC) increased with increasing distance. The concentrations of SO₄^2?, NO₃^? and NH₄⁺ (SNA) directly emitted by the vehicles were very low but increased rapidly in the exhaust plume. The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reduced 42.7% TC, 40% NO₃^? emissions, but increased 104% SO₄^2? and 36% NH₄⁺ emissions, respectively. In summary, the SCR reduced 29% primary PM_2.5 emissions for the tested diesel vehicles. The NH₄NO₃ particle formation maybe more important in the plume, and there maybe other forms of formation of NH₄⁺ (eg. NH₄Cl). The generation of secondary organic carbon (SOC) plays a leading role in the generation of secondary PM_2.5. The SCR enhanced the formation of SOC and SNA in the plume, but comprehensive analysis shows that the SCR more enhanced the SNA formation in the plume, which is mainly new particles formation process. The inconsistency between secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and primary organic aerosol definitions is one of the important reasons for the difference between SOA simulation and observation.     

Colonization of Penicillium oxalicum SL2 in Pb-contaminated paddy soil and its immobilization effect on soil Pb

Penicillium oxalicum SL2 (SL2) is a previously screened Pb-tolerant fungus that can promote crops growth. The relationship between SL2 colonization and Pb immobilization was studied to provide a theoretical basis for microbial remediation of Pb-contaminated paddy soil. In this study, green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled SL2 was inoculated into different Pb-contaminated paddy soils (S1-S6). The Pb extracted from the soil by HNO₃, EDTA and CaCl₂ were used to characterize the available Pb. The results showed that the colonization of SL2 was divided into lag phase (0-7 days), growth phase (7-30 days), and mortality phase (30-90 days). SL2 colonized well in sandy soils rich in clay and total phosphorus with initial pH of 4.5-7.0. In addition, SL2 increased soil pH and decreased soil Eh, which was beneficial to immobilize Pb. In different soils, the highest percentages of CaCl₂-Pb, EDTA-Pb, and HNO₃-Pb immobilized by SL2 were 34.34%-40.53%, 17.05%-20.11%, and 7.39%-15.62%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the percentages of CaCl₂-Pb and EDTA-Pb immobilized by SL2 were significantly positively correlated with the number of SL2 during the growth phase. SL2 mainly immobilized Pb in the growth phase and a higher peak number of SL2 was beneficial to the immobilization of Pb.     

氟化工园区及周边地下水健康风险及脆弱性评价

以阜新市某氟化工园区为研究对象,对园区及周边地下水样品中的Cr、As、Cu、Hg、Mn及F 6种元素分季节进行测定分析,采用美国环保署（US EPA）推荐的人体健康风险评价模型对重金属Cr、As、Cu、Hg、Mn及F进行地下水环境的人体健康风险评价,并应用DRASTIC模型评价该区域地下水的脆弱性.结果表明,研究区地下水受到重金属和氟化物的污染.健康风险评价表明,总致癌风险数量级在10^-5~10^-4之间,处于Ⅱ~Ⅳ级风险评价标准区间,总非致癌风险大于1,经饮水摄入途径引起的非致癌危害比皮肤接触途径高3~4个数量级.脆弱性评价表明,研究区的脆弱性指数DI范围为4.30~5.91,整体脆弱性处于Ⅲ级中等脆弱性水平.     

四种植物材料对废水中铅离子的吸附特征

为解决重金属废水处理问题,寻找高效低成本的生物吸附剂,本文选用了野菊杆（Dendranthema indicum, DI）、艾杆（Artemisia argyi, AA）、薄荷杆（Mentha haplocalyx, MH）和柠檬皮（Citrus limon, CL）四种植物材料对水中铅离子进行吸附研究。并利用SEM、BET和FTIR对材料进行表征,探讨了吸附剂投加量、溶液初始pH和共存阳离子对吸附量的影响。结果表明,四种材料对模拟废水中铅的吸附量随投加量的增加呈对数下降（P<0.05）;随初始pH的升高,四种材料呈现先增加后逐渐趋于稳定的趋势。准一级动力学能更好地描述野菊杆对Pb²⁺的动力学吸附过程,准二级动力学能更好描述艾杆、薄荷杆和柠檬皮对Pb²⁺的动力学吸附过程。野菊杆和艾杆对铅的吸附是以化学吸附为主的单层吸附,符合Langmuir模型;薄荷杆和柠檬皮对铅的吸附过程主要为不规则的多分子层吸附,更符合Freundlich模型。共存阳离子Mg²⁺、Cu²⁺、Al³⁺与Pb²⁺产生竞争吸附,显著降低材料对Pb²⁺的吸附量（P<0.05）。四种植物材料吸附性能大小顺序为薄荷杆 > 艾杆 > 柠檬皮 > 野菊杆。因此,四种植物材料是吸附废水中铅离子的潜在材料。     

3种水稻种植模式的减氮效应和经济性评估

为探讨不同种植模式对水稻田氮素污染流失的影响和经济效益差异，于2016年4—10月在盘锦市鼎翔米业幸福农场内布设试验样地，采用对比试验、费用效益分析、情景分析等方法，开展了常规种植、低化学品和有机生态3种水稻种植模式的减氮效应和经济性评估.结果表明:①3种模式中有机生态种植模式的农田排水总氮含量最低，为1.94 kg/hm2，低化学品种植模式次之，为3.67 kg/hm2，常规种植模式最高，为5.87 kg/hm2.②有机生态种植模式单位面积经济净现值及经济净现值率最高，分别为23 302.53元/hm2和1.13；低化学品种植模式次之，分别为15 310.42元/hm2和1.06；常规种植模式最低，分别为14 855.92元/hm2和0.93.③在水稻价格上浮5%时，有机生态种植模式的经济净现值和净现值率最高，分别为21 218.14元/hm2和0.86，分别比低化学品种植模式及常规种植模式高7 425.26元/hm2和0.07及7 972.01元/hm2和0.17.④在水稻价格下调5%时，有机生态种植模式的经济净现值和净现值率依然最高，分别为16 872.82元/hm2和0.68，分别比低化学品种植模式和常规种植模式高6 030.87元/hm2、0.06和6 715.17元/hm2、0.15.研究显示，有机生态种植模式的减氮效应和经济效益明显高于低化学品种植模式和常规种植模式.      

Government environmental control measures on CO2 emission during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing: Perspectives from a top-down approach

Strict air pollution control measures were conducted during the Youth Olympic Games（YOG） period at Nanjing city and surrounding areas in August 2014.This event provides a unique chance to evaluate the effect of government control measures on regional atmospheric pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.Many previous studies have observed significant reductions of atmospheric pollution species and improvement in air quality,while no study has quantified its synergism on anthropogenic CO₂...     

北京市中心商区射频电磁环境测试与分析

各类无线技术的发展和应用导致公众曝露于环境中的电磁场辐射的程度越来越高,由此引发的对人体健康风险的担忧促使诸多国家和组织开展了相关研究,并制定了电磁环境控制限值,电磁环境的空间分布也成为至关重要的基础数据。于2019年10—12月对北京市中心3个典型商区的电磁环境进行了测试,测试频段为10 MHz～8 GHz,属于射频范围。通过空间插值方法对测试数据进行处理,从而得到测试区域的射频电磁环境空间分布地图。对测试数据的进一步分析表明,测试区域的射频电磁环境水平主要分布在0.5～2.5 V/m,随空间距离变化较为剧烈,总体上符合《电磁环境控制限值》(GB 8702—2014)的要求。建议在城市发展过程中,对射频电磁环境进行持续、精细的监测。