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691.
城市污水处理厂不同工艺段中有机氯农药残留 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
建立了基于HLB固相萃取柱和气相色谱 /电子捕获 (GC/ECD)分析城市污水中有机氯农药的分析方法 ,同时分析了北京市高碑店和北小河两个污水处理厂中 4个不同工艺段水体中有机氯农药的浓度。在两个污水处理厂的水体中共检出了 6种有机氯类农药 ,分别是α 六六六、β 六六六、γ 六六六、δ 六六六、艾氏剂和 4 ,4’ 滴滴滴 ,浓度在 1 89—6 9 6ng/L之间。结果表明 ,曝气活性污泥法对六六六类有机氯农药的去除效果较好。 相似文献
692.
693.
利用2种不同表面处理的陶瓷作为载体,用溶胶凝胶法在其表面进行了纳米TiO2光催化薄膜的负载.采用X射线衍射法(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和扫描电镜(SEM)对薄膜的粒径、横断面及表面组成进行了表征和分析,结果表明,TiO2的平均粒径约为15 nm,釉面陶瓷TiO2薄膜分布均匀,膜厚约为300 nm;无釉陶瓷TiO2薄膜分布不均,膜层不明显;2种载体中的一些基质离子在TiO2薄膜有渗透.苯酚的降解实验表明,以2种不同表面处理的陶瓷为载体的TiO2薄膜对苯酚的降解均符合一级反应动力学,就催化活性而言,TiO2/釉面陶瓷>TiO2/无釉陶瓷,分析认为基质渗透的Ca2 有降低TiO2光催化活性的作用;该薄膜对实际生产多菌灵废水具有催化降解作用.重复降解实验20次,TiO2/釉面陶瓷和TiO2/无釉陶瓷对苯酚的去除率仅分别降低9%和6%. 相似文献
694.
695.
垃圾衍生燃料(RDF)的制备及其燃烧技术研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着地球上人口数量的不断增长和社会发展城市化进程的加快,城市生活垃圾产量越来越大,如何处理城市垃圾问题日益为世界各国所重视,在以焚烧为代表的传统垃圾焚烧技术迅猛发展的同时也暴露出许多问题。由此文章提出了垃圾衍生燃料制备及燃烧技术以解决垃圾能源化问题。文章阐述了城市固体废弃物(MSW)的成分及RDF的分类,介绍了RDF的制备过程及其对环境的影响,并研究了三种RDF的燃烧技术。最后结合中国垃圾问题的具体特点以及中国城市化进程的发展情况,提出了中国发展RDF技术的思路。 相似文献
696.
René?LétolleEmail author Nicholas?Aladin Igor?Filipov N.?G.?O.?Boroffka 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2005,10(1):51-70
The future of Southern Aral Sea water in Kazakhstan, and of the sequence of mineral evaporitic sediments precipitated since the beginning of the present regression from gypsum to bloed-ite (astrakhanite) was studied. A comparison is made with previous regressive deposits discovered earlier in cores by I.V. Rubanov. Absence of mirabilite deposits in sediments of the eastern basin is attributed to deflation processes during the XIVth century AD. 相似文献
697.
Zhu J Aikawa B Pigeon R 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2005,55(7):978-983
A real-time monitoring methodology to determine diesel fine particles in diesel emissions has been evaluated. The range of particle size captured by the monitor was approximately 0.1 microm to 1 microm. DustTrak real-time monitors were connected to the dilution tunnel of the vehicle exhaust to measure the emissions during the vehicle tests under both dynamic and steady-state driving conditions, and concentration data were recorded every 5 sec. Test variation of the real-time monitoring among different test days was similar to that measured by traditional filter-based gravimetric method, whereas the repeatability of the monitor data within the same-day tests was better than that of gravimetric method. Correlations between the two methods were established for different fuels tested on a single light duty vehicle. When the emissions from the reference fuel was used to convert the monitor's response to diesel fuels, the levels determined by the real-time monitor were consistent with those measured by gravimetric method among different fuels tested. Use of the real-time monitor could provide information on the levels of fine particles that is more relevant to the public health than the total particles. 相似文献
698.
氮沉降与生物炭对土壤可溶性有机质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用盆栽实验,探讨氮沉降与生物炭(BC)施用对杉木幼苗土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)含量和可溶性有机质(DOM)光谱学特征的短期影响.氮沉降处理为0(对照)、40(低氮)和80kgN/(hm2·a)(高氮),在不同氮沉降下BC施用水平分别为0(对照)、12(低量BC)和36t/hm2(高量BC).结果表明:相比对照处理,单独低氮与单独高氮处理3个月后土壤pH值分别下降了0.06和0.09(P<0.05),但单独施用BC和氮沉降背景下施用BC处理的土壤pH值均呈上升趋势,增加了0.32~0.94(P<0.05).与对照处理相比,单独低氮处理的土壤DOC含量显著降低,单独高氮处理的则显著升高且DOM结构趋于简单;单独施用BC和氮沉降背景下施用BC处理中,低量BC处理的土壤DOC含量无明显变化,但高量BC处理的显著提高了30.1%~95.6%,并且DOM结构趋于复杂.冗余分析发现,土壤pH值是导致不同处理DOM存在差异的关键因素.因此,氮沉降背景下施用高量BC短期内可以减缓土壤酸化,提高土壤DOC含量并使DOM更加稳定. 相似文献
699.
JunKang Guo Xin Lv HongLei Ji Li Hu XinHao Ren Haris Muhamma Ting Wei Yongzhen Ding 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(2):361-369
Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environment-friendly strategy for decontaminating heavy-metal-contaminated soil. However, the practical use of phytoremediation is constrained by the low biomass of plants and low bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the metal chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and EDTA in combination with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (Burkholderia sp. D54 or Burkholderia sp. D416) on the growth and metal uptake of the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance. According to the results, EDTA application decreased shoot and root biomass by 50% and 43%, respectively. The soil respiration and Cd, Pb, Zn uptake were depressed, while the photosynthetic rate, glutathione and phytochelatin (PC) contents were increased by EDTA application. Interestingly, Burkholderia sp. D54 and Burkholderia sp. D416 inoculation significantly relieved the inhibitory effects of EDTA on plant growth and soil respiration. Compared with the control, EDTA + D416 treatment increased the Cd concentration in shoots and decreased the Pb concentration in shoots and roots, but did not change the Zn concentration in S. alfredii plants. Furthermore, EDTA, EDTA + D54 and EDTA + D416 application increased the cysteine and PC contents in S. alfredii (p < 0.05); among all tested PCs, the most abundant species was PC2, and compared with the control, the PC2 content was increased by 371.0%, 1158.6% and 815.6%, respectively. These results will provide some insights into the practical use of EDTA and PGPR in the phytoremediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soil by S. alfredii. 相似文献
700.
It was documented that arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi(AMF) play an important role in protecting host plants against arsenic(As) contamination. However, most terrestrial ecosystems contain a considerable number of nonmycorrhizal plants. So far little information is available for the interaction of such non-host plants with AMF under As contaminations. By using a dual compartment cultivation system with a plastic board or a nylon mesh separating roots of non-host pepperweed from roots of the AM-host alfafa plants, avoiding direct root competition, the two plant species were grown separately or partially separated(with rhizosphere effects) in the presence or absence of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis in As-contaminated soil. The results indicated that mycorrhiza caused phosphorus(P) concentration decrease in the non-host pepperweed, but promoted the P concentration of the AM host alfafa. Mycorrhiza is potentially helpful for non-host pepperweed to adapt to As contamination by decreasing root As concentration and showing no suppressing effect on biomass production. The study provides further evidence for the protective effects of AMF on non-host plants against As contamination, and improved our understanding of the potential role of AMF for non-host plant adaptation to As contaminated soils. 相似文献