The catalytic performance of Cu46Zr47-xAl7Yx amorphous ribbons in the degradation of AO II dye wastewater

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Metallic glasses (MGs) with unique disordered atomic stacking structures exhibit excellent catalytic performance in wastewater treatment. The...     

The permeability of dredged material-bentonite backfills

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Extensive attention has been paid to the treatment and disposal of dredged material, and there is a need to clarify the feasibility of recycling...     

ENSO事件对上海降水中氢氧同位素变化的影响

根据2012年1月至2017年2月上海206个降水样品实测数据,结合全球大气降水同位素网络(GNIP)提供的南京、武汉、福州、香港1961~2012年大气降水同位素数据分析不同强弱程度的ENSO事件对降水中同位素组成影响的差异性.研究时段内上海降水中δD与δ~(18)O夏秋为低值,冬春为高值.El Nino事件期间大气降水线的斜率与截距均大于非El Nino事件期间,La Nina事件期间反温度效应、降水量效应、水汽压效应较非La Nina事件期间显著.不同强弱程度的El Nino和La Nina事件影响下的上海降水中δ~(18)O、d值与海洋尼诺指数(ONI)、海表温度距平值(SSTA)、ONI极值、累积值ΣONI这4个指数具有明显的负相关关系,并且降水中δ~(18)O与ONI、SSTA两个指数相关性大小受ENSO事件的影响较大.     

Construction of vesicle CdSe nano-semiconductors photocatalysts with improved photocatalytic activity: Enhanced photo induced carriers separation efficiency and mechanism insight

Visible-light-driven photocatalysis as a green technology has attracted a lot of attention due to its potential applications in environmental remediation. Vesicle Cd Se nano-semiconductor photocatalyst are successfully prepared by a gas template method and characterized by a variety of methods. The vesicle Cd Se nano-semiconductors display enhanced photocatalytic performance for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride, the photodegradation rate of78.824% was achieved by vesicle Cd Se, which exhibited an increase of 31.779% compared to granular Cd Se. Such an exceptional photocatalytic capability can be attributed to the unique structure of the vesicle Cd Se nano-semiconductor with enhanced light absorption ability and excellent carrier transport capability. Meanwhile, the large surface area of the vesicle Cd Se nano-semiconductor can increase the contact probability between catalyst and target and provide more surface-active centers. The photocatalytic mechanisms are analyzed by active species quenching. It indicates that h+and UO_2~-are the main active species which play a major role in catalyzing environmental toxic pollutants. Simultaneously, the vesicle Cd Se nano-semiconductor had high efficiency and stability.     

Mesoporous carbon nanomaterials induced pulmonary surfactant inhibition, cytotoxicity, inflammation and lung fibrosis

Environmental exposure and health risk upon engineered nanomaterials are increasingly concerned. The family of mesoporous carbon nanomaterials(MCNs) is a rising star in nanotechnology for multidisciplinary research with versatile applications in electronics,energy and gas storage, and biomedicine. Meanwhile, there is mounting concern on their environmental health risks due to the growing production and usage of MCNs. The lung is the primary site for particle invasion under environmental exposure to nanomaterials. Here, we studied the comprehensive toxicological profile of MCNs in the lung under the scenario of moderate environmental exposure. It was found that at a low concentration of 10 μg/mL MCNs induced biophysical inhibition of natural pulmonary surfactant. Moreover, MCNs at similar concentrations reduced viability of J774 A.1 macrophages and lung epithelial A549 cells.Incubating with nature pulmonary surfactant effectively reduced the cytotoxicity of MCNs.Regarding the pro-inflammatory responses, MCNs activated macrophages in vitro, and stimulated lung inflammation in mice after inhalation exposure, associated with lung fibrosis.Moreover, we found that the size of MCNs played a significant role in regulating cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory potential of this nanomaterial. In general, larger MCNs induced more pronounced cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects than their smaller counterparts. Our results provided valuable information on the toxicological profile and environmental health risks of MCNs, and suggested that fine-tuning the size of MCNs could be a practical precautionary design strategy to increase safety and biocompatibility of this nanomaterial.     

储运罐区气相连通设施HAZOP分析应用研究

介绍了石油化工企业储运罐区气相连通设施概况和存在的风险。以芳烃罐区气相连通为研究对象,应用HAZOP分析软件对装置进行安全评价,对潜在风险进行定性和半定量分析,并提出相应的风险控制方案。     

数显型电热板加热法在河流高锰酸盐指数应急监测中的应用研究

高锰酸盐指数常被作为地表水体受有机污染物和还原性无机物质污染程度的综合指标.采用数显型电热板加热法测定水中高锰酸盐指数,通过实验确定了加热时间和加热温度.并分别采用水浴法和电热板加热法对应急样品进行了高锰酸盐指数的测定,两种测定方法的比对研究结果表明,应急监测时采用数显型电热板加热法测定耗时更短,检测结果与国标法测定没有显著差异,是可行且有效的应急监测替代方法.     

HAZOP分析在编制操作规程上的应用

结合实例分析,介绍如何将HAZOP分析方法引入到操作规程的编写过程当中,从而提升操作规程的有效性。     

后处理设施给水系统可靠性的GO法研究

后处理设施给水系统是后处理设施重要的公用系统,对后处理设施的稳定、安全运行至关重要.给水系统的可靠性需要深入分析,应用GO法进行了研究.获得了给水系统的平均故障概率、最小割集、重要度等可靠性指标.结果表明,给水系统的可靠性比较高,符合单一故障准则,二阶最小割集对系统故障的贡献最大,应该采取措施予以消除.进一步深入对比分析GO法与故障树法,结果显示,对于给水系统的可靠性分析,GO法有建模容易且图形简洁的优点.     

HSPF水文水质模型应用研究综述

HSPF(Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran)模型采用FORTRAN语言编写,以Stanford水文模型为基础,能够综合模拟径流、土壤流失、污染物传输、河道水力等过程,并大量应用于气候变化与土地利用变化的流域水环境效应情景模拟.该模型是半分布式水文水质模型的优秀代表,在国外得到广泛的应用.HSPF模型包括PERLND、IMPLND与RCHRES等3个主要模块,分别实现对透水地段、不透水地段与地表水体的水文水质模拟.总体来看,HSPF模型在国外水文、水质过程模拟,以及涉及气候变化和土地利用影响的情景分析中发挥重要作用,但是国内该模型的应用非常有限.HSPF模型存在的主要问题包括:①模型中某些方案和算法还有改进和完善的空间;②模型对数据输入要求较高,模拟的精度受到空间和属性等数据的限制;③模型只限于均匀混合的河流、水库和一维水体模拟,对于复杂流域或水体的模拟研究,需要与其它模型整合以解决更加综合的问题.目前,针对发展与完善HSPF模型的研究仍在继续,包括模型平台开发、模型功能扩展、模型校正方法研究、参数敏感性研究等方面.随着我国基础数据的积累及共享程度的提高,HSPF模型在我国的应用也将更加广泛.