解析在科研实验过程中易发生的事故

石油化工科研的试验研究、中试生产场所、试验原料及产品储存等存在着潜在的着火爆炸、中毒、机械伤害、触电等事故。我国＂安全第一,预防为主,综合治理＂的安全生产方针,其中要把＂预防为主＂贯穿于安全管理的始终，就是要采取切实有效的措施，事先对可能发生的事故进行预防和控制。     

遥感资料在分析城市布局结构中的应用

本文介绍了应用彩红外航片，黑白航片分析呼和浩特市城市居民区、工业区、商业贸易区布局结构的技术。     

Atomic force microscopy study on the microtopography of natural organic matter and newly formed hydrous MnO2

To understand the water purification mechanism of potassium permanganate as a coagulation-aid during the preoxidation process, the microtopography of its reductive products, the newly formed hydrous manganese dioxide and the aged hydrous manganese dioxide, was investigated. The morphology of natural organic matter (NOM) adsorbed by the newly formed hydrous manganese dioxide was also compared with that of NOM alone. By using the tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM), the observation results show that the newly formed hydrous manganese dioxide possess a perforated sheet (with a thickness of 0–1.75 nm) as well as some spherical particle structures compared with the hydrous manganese dioxide with 2 h aging time, which demonstrated that the newly formed hydrous manganese dioxide had a large surface area and adsorption capacity. When 1 mmol/L newly formed hydrous manganese dioxide was added, the microtopography of NOM molecules shifted from a loosely dispersed pancake shape (with adsorption height of 5–8.5 nm) to a densely dispersed and uniform spherical structure. These results provide a valid proof that it is the perfect adsorption capability of the newly formed hydrous manganese dioxide that might result in the coagulation aid effect of potassium permanganate preoxidation.     

环境基本法目的条款的修改动因与方向--兼论生态文明的内在统一性

百年工业文明发展范式对自然环境的持续作用,使人类面临环境与发展的双重危机。生态文明具有内在统一性,环境法制是生态文明的应有之义。环境基本法是环境法制的基石,目的条款是环境基本法的元点。旧的目的条款沿袭工业文明发展范式,将发展经济奉为圭臬,始终无法调和人与自然的内在矛盾。修改环境基本法目的条款,融入生态文明因子具有自内而外、自外而内、自上而下以及自下而上四个方面的动力因素。     

Models for human exposure to air pollution

Four models for human exposure to air pollution are discussed and compared. The simple microenvironment monitoring model measures pollutant concentrations at fixed locations, regarded as proxies for similar locations or microenvironments. Since this model does not require pollutant measurements on the individual level, it is easy to implement. However, the model can only be used to estimate the average exposure in a population, and it does not provide any estimate of the variability and distribution of individual exposures. The replicated microenvironment monitoring model provides some estimates of the variability and distribution. However, because of the possible discrepancy between the microenvironment concentration distribution and the individual concentration distribution, some adjustment might be necessary. Integrated personal monitoring allows direct estimation of the average exposure as well as the variability and distribution of individual exposures. Coupled with the appropriate time budget data, a regression analysis can be applied to estimate the contribution from each microenvironment type. However, possible collinearity problems might result in low precision in those estimates. Moreover, it might be difficult to adjust for a possible Hawthorne effect. Continuous personal monitoring has the advantage of recording exposure in each microenvironment type separately, allowing direct estimation of the average exposure as well as the variability and distribution of exposures in each microenvironment type. Moreover, it can also be conducted in conjunction with a two-stage sampling scheme, using information from a large data base on activity patterns, thereby making more efficient use of the monitoring data. It is also easier to adjust for a possible Hawthorne effect in this design.     

金衢盆地食用笋的开发对策

浙江省金衢盆地的食用笋资源丰富，开发潜力大，发展食用笋资源是该地区农村致富的重要途径之一。本文在分析该地区食用笋现状的基础上，提出了开发利用对策。     

开发楠溪江风景区旅游资源

本文分析了楠溪江风景区旅游资源的主要特征,并针对目前旅游资源开发存在的问题,提出了开发楠溪江风景区旅游资源的对策与措施．     

云南寻定几种农作物籽粒中重金属的比较研究

通过对四种农作物（玉米、小麦、水箱、蚕豆）籽粒中八种重金属元素（Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ａｓ、Ｈｇ）的调查研究。结果表明，四种农作物籽粒中重金属元素量与土壤重金属含量呈正相关，籽粒中重金属的吸收系数大致为Ｃｄ〉Ｚｎ〉Ｃｕ〈Ｐｂ，玉米籽粒Ｃｄ〈Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ，可能由于元素间的交互作用，Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ含量均处于较高水平，由于不同农作物和物的生物学特性之间的差异，Ｃｒ，Ｎｉ、Ａｓ、Ｈｇ在     

重金属对蚕豆(vicia faba)根尖的核酸含量及核酸酶活性影响的研究

Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Zn~(2+)在低浓度作用下,随处理浓度的升高,刺激蚕豆(Vicia faba)DNA含量(处理浓度分别低于10.0、0.50、50.0ppm)和RNA含量(处理浓度分别低于10.0、50.0、50.0ppm),DNase活性(处理浓度均低于10.0ppm)和RNase活性(处理浓度分别低于20.0、10.0、50.0ppm)相应地升高;当处理浓度超过相应浓度时,DNA和RNA含量以及DNase与RNase活性随浓度升高而降低。Hg~(2+)在小于0.05ppm时使RNase活性升高,高于该浓度使其降低,其它各指标无上述规律性变化。重金属对核酸代谢的影响结果取决于植物组织的适应性反应与金属离子的毒性反应的强度。文章还讨论了金属离子特征和可能存在的不同代谢活动的抗性诱导体系对植物毒性的影响,以及蛋白质的代谢活动对植物适应性水平的影响。     

涡电流分选机理及应用

介绍了涡电流分选的物理原理,分析了导体所受的成分力.描述了涡电流分选装置的结构以及涡电流分选的应用领域.研究表明:涡电流分选机具有结构简单、质量轻、斥力强(可调节)、对物料的适应性强、分选效率高以及处理量大等优点,可在环境保护领域,特别是在有色金属再生行业推广使用.