Grey optimization Verhulst model and its application in forecasting coal-related CO2 emissions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy saving and emission reduction are the most concerned issues in the world. Objective and accurate prediction of carbon emissions can provide...     

孑遗植物四合木(Tetraena mongolica)迁地保护中的光合作用日变化特征与生理生态适应性

为了进一步廓清迁地保护条件下孑遗植物四合木(Tetraena mongolica)的光合生理生态适应性,在分析了瞬时光合效率的基础上,应用LI-6400光合作用测定系统测定了迁地保护试验区的四合木以及原生境伴生种白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)的光合作用日变化,并测定了其生长量。结果表明:四合木实生苗的生长南北冠幅大小依次为乌海四合木核心区实生苗(26.48cm×27.26 cm)鄂尔多斯实生苗(21.27 cm×21.75 cm)阿拉善实生苗(19.25 cm×18.27 cm)。在原生境地乌海四合木核心区种植的实生苗与阿拉善实生苗之间的生长量存在显著差异(P≤0.01),与鄂尔多斯实生苗之间的生长量存在显著差异(P≤0.05)。迁地保护条件下四合木生实生苗植株叶片光合速率Pn日变化均呈"双峰"曲线。不同试验区四合木光合作用日变化(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)均表现出明显的分异。迁地保护四合木条件下原生境地栽培的四合木实生苗的光合速率鄂尔多斯栽培的四合木实生苗的光合速率阿拉善栽培的四合木实生苗。鉴此可以作进一步推论,孑遗濒危植物四合木从原生境地西鄂尔多斯核心区(乌海)东移进行迁地保护具有更高的生理生态适应性和生境适宜性。但完成"从种子到种子"进而实现"保存性和代表性",最终实现四合木迁地保护的"保持性和防止性",保持其遗传多样性和遗传稳定性,最终成功实现四合木的迁地保护仍有待作进一步探索和深入研究。     

Green Space Changes and Planning in the Capital Region of China

Green space plays an important role in complex urban ecosystems and provides significant ecosystem services with environmental, aesthetic, recreational and economic benefits. Beijing is the capital city of China and has a large population of about 15.81 million. Construction of green spaces is an important part of sustainable development in Beijing. To attain the sustainable development of Beijing as a capital city, an international city, a historical cultural city, and a living amenity city, this article attempts to develop a comprehensive plan of green space development both at the municipal and regional levels. At the municipal level of Beijing, based on the study of green space changes, and taking physical geographic conditions and historical context into account, we propose to establish green barriers in the mountainous area, and plan a comprehensive green space pattern composed of one city, two rings, three networks, eight water areas, nine fields, and several patches in the plain area. At the regional level of the Capital Circle Region, integrating the characteristics and causes of main environmental issues, we design a macroscopic pattern—“barriers by mountains in the northwest,” “seaward open spaces in the southeast,” “grassland-forest-field-coast zones,” and “green-blue symphony”—for ecological restoration and green space construction. Finally, we discuss the principles necessary to implement green space planning considering adaptation to local conditions, composite function exploitation, interregional equity and integrated planning.     

新疆沙湾县城镇人居环境与经济协调发展评价

城市人居环境的改善是经济持续发展的动力和保障,经济发展是人居环境改善的物质基础和载体.城市人居环境与经济协调发展是实现可持续发展的重要途径.以新疆沙湾县为研究对象,通过构建城镇人居环境与经济发展协调度指标评价体系,并运用主成分分析方法和协调度模型,对1999-2008年沙湾县城镇人居环境与经济协调发展水平进行了综合评价.结果表明:10年来城镇人居环境与经济发展协调程度逐渐上升,可以划分1999-2004年缓步上升和2005-2008年波动上升2个发展阶段.目前,沙湾县城镇人居环境与经济发展已到达高度协调状态,处理好两者的关系,使之更近一步达到优质协调,从而实现沙湾县经济、社会和生态环境的协调可持续发展.     

低温种子聚合法制备磁载纳米TiO2光催化剂及其对苯酚的光催化降解

通过种子聚合法,以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)处理过的纳米Fe2O4为磁核,在低温(95℃)、中性(pH=7左右)条件下,制备了一种磁载TiO2光催化剂.利用Zeta电位仪、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶红外分光光度计(FT-IR)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)测试方法对磁核的表面电位、催化剂的形貌、物相...     

Suggestion on further strengthening ultra-low emission standards for PM emission from coal-fired power plants in China

China has established the largest clean coal-fired power generation system in the world by accomplishing the technological transformation of coal-fired power plants(CFPPs) to achieve ultra-low emission. The potential for further particulate matter(PM) emission reduction to achieve near-zero emission for CFPPs has become a hotspot issue. In this study,PM emission from some ultra-low emission CFPPs adopting advanced air pollutant control technologies in China was reviewed. The results revealed tha...     

Key emergency response technologies for abrupt air pollution accidents in China

Abrupt air pollution accidents can endanger people’s health and destroy the local ecological environment. The appropriate emergency response can minimize the harmful effects of accidents and protect people’s lives and property. This paper provides an overview of the key emergency response technologies for abrupt air pollution accidents around the globe with emphasis on the major achievements that China has obtained in recent years.With decades of effort, China has made significant progress in em...     

Atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment in China: A review and outlook

Accurate monitoring of the atmospheric environment and its evolution are important for understanding the sources, chemical mechanisms, and transport processes of air pollution and carbon emissions in China, and for regulatory and control purposes. This study gives an overview of atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment in China and summarizes the major achievements obtained in recent years. China has made great progress in the development of atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment with decades of effort. The manufacturing level of atmospheric environment monitoring equipment and the quality of products have steadily improved, and a technical & production system that can meet the requirements of routine monitoring activities has been initiated. It is expected that domestic atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment will be able to meet future demands for routine monitoring activities in China and provide scientific assistance for addressing air pollution problems.     

双子表面活性剂CG_(12-3-12)、鼠李糖脂与TX-100对多环芳烃增溶作用的比较研究

对新季铵盐型Gemini阳离子表面活性剂CG12-3-12、生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂Rhamnolipid、普通非离子表面活性剂TX-100以及它们的混合体系对多环芳烃菲和芘的增溶效果进行了比较研究.通过计算与比较临界胶束浓度(CMC)、摩尔增溶率(MSR)和增溶的标准自由能ΔG0s,评价了3种不同类型表面活性剂及它们的混合体系对菲和芘的增溶能力.3种表面活性剂对菲和芘的增溶性大小顺序为:CG12-3-12RhamnolipidTX-100.TX-100/CG12-3-12与TX-100/Rhamnolipid混合表面活性剂都较相对应的单一表面活性剂有更好的增溶能力,在降低表面张力效率方面都能够产生协同效应.但是两种混合溶液都不符合理想溶液的性质.TX-100/CG12-3-12系统的CMCexp相对于CMCmi有更大的负偏差.由两混合体系的吉布斯自由能ΔG0m可以看出,TX-100与鼠李糖脂比与CG12-3-12更容易形成混合胶束.TX-100/CG12-3-12与TX-100/Rhamnolipid表现出协同作用.TX-100/Rhamnolipid混合体系对菲和芘的增溶能力的提高大于TX-100/CG12-3-12混合体系.本实验研究结果可为疏水性有机物污染环境修复效果的强化提供科学依据.     

基于水质模型的污染监控预警和应急管理研究

地表水环境的治理和改善受到社会、经济、环境等多方面因素的共同影响,如何合情、合理地制定地表水污染防治政策、规划,在复杂的水环境污染突发事件中及时掌握事态的发展和正确的处理处置方法是我国各级环境保护管理部门面临的一大难题。本论文以建立水质污染扩散模型为基础,结合我国地表水环境管理现状提出了一套地表水污染监控预警和应急管理体系,旨在建立废水污染源与地表水环境质量的内在联系,用科学的方法为地表水污染防治管理工作提供技术支撑。