随机模拟在常州运河水质规划中的应用

以常州运河的水质规划为实例,讨论了确定性水质模型的随机模拟。讨论中引进了主观概率和客观概率的概念,用泰勒级数确定客观概率分布,用可能最大机率法估计主观概率分布,并给出了在实施不同规划方案时的水质概率曲线和水质达标的保证率。计算结果表明,使水质恶化的各种随机因素的作用不容忽视,各种水污染治理措施只能降低水质超标的风险水平。     

Atmospheric pollution in Beijing, China, as recorded in sediments of the Kunming Lake

The fluxes of heavy metals and magnetite, a fly-ash component, from coal burning, to sediments of the Kunming Lake in Beijing have increased measurably over the last fifty years. Ages were introduced to the sediment strata through Pb-210 geochronologies. Even with a doubling of coal usage by the year 2000, the anthropogenic metal fluxes will still be less than those recorded in metropolitan Tokyo and U.S. lakes.     

中国发展生物质能源的战略措施思考

能源连人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要资源。随着中国经济的持续发展，能源与环境对经济发展的制约作用逐渐得到显现．能源问题与环境问题已经成为国家发展的战略性问题。因此发展生物质能是解决中国能源紧张的重要突破口。发展生物质能的战略措施是建立生物质能源的产业体系。即相对于传统产业体系的第二产业体系。具体战略阶段是：2000—2010年实验探讨阶段（初级阶段）；2020—2030年推广应用阶段（发展阶段）：2030年一2050年优化提出阶段（提高阶段）。生物质能源的发展战略有助于“三农”问题的解决即农村小康社舍的建设；有助于减轻环境压力；有助于维护国家能源安全。     

Level of coordinated development in economy and environment

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A study on Se application for improving the soil in the environment at lower Se level

A result that application of sodium selenite or fly ash to some of soilin loess plateau can increase Se content in wheat grain has been demonstrated by the pot and field experiments, and added Se in soil can last its availability for 3 years. So this is a good measure for improving the low Se soils and preventing the Kaschin-Beck disease.     

Kinetic-spectrophotometric determination of free cyanide by stopped-flow reversed flow injection analysis

A stopped-flow reversed flow injection method for the determination of free cyanide is proposed. Pyridine-barbituric acid mixture is injected in the flow system as reagent to form the colour species with cyanide. The flow is stopped when the reagent zone comes in the flow cell, where absorbance-time data are collected at 580nm wavelength. The linear range of the determination is 0.1 -10μg/ml CN-. The sampling rate is 60h-1 and the relative standard deviation is 1.6% (n=16) at 5.0 μg/ml CN-1 level. With satisfactory results, the proposed method was applied to the determination of free cyanide in wastewater without sample pretreatment.     

The epidemic characteristics of Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) in different eco-environments

Epidemiological survey of 573 families, clinical examination of 2593 persons, and X-ray examination of 1136 persons (in 16 typical endemic villages) were conducted, based on the classification of endemiology for KBD disease areas, i.e, mountain type, loess plateau type, plateau type, and flatlands type. It was revealed that the KBD disease areas exhibited the regular pattern of corming-into-being, development and passing-away and the characteristics of growth and decline. Further, it was found clinically that the disease areas may be divided into 4 types, i.e., recent onset, developing, stable, and historical. This division is simple and easy, practical, scientific, and reliable and can be applied by medical personnel at different levels.     

制备块体纳米材料的新工艺——等径角挤压

综述了等径角挤压法制备块体纳米材料的发展及其工艺原理 ,并在此基础上论述了等径角挤压材料的微观结构及其应用 ,指出了等径角挤压法目前存在的问题。     

武夷山国家级风景名胜区的游憩价值评估

采用收益资本化的方法，对武夷山国家级风景名胜区进行游憩价值的经济评估，从定量的角度确定该景区的开发潜力，从而更清楚地认识到良好的生态环境具有较高的环境价值，为该地区的旅游规划与管理提供科学的参考。     

全国环境区划技术方法探讨

本文对全国环境区划的原则、指标、分区方法,等级单位划分等问题进行了探讨