Synergistic adsorption and advanced oxidation activated by persulfate for degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride using iron-modified spent bleaching earth carbon

At present, tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) is a widely used antibiotic, and is often detected in water, posing a serious harm to human and ecological health. In this study, spent bleaching earth (SBE) was pyrolyzed to obtain spent bleaching earth carbon (SBE@C) and the nano Fe⁰/SBE@C prepared after zero-valent iron loading was adopted to remove TCH in water for the first time. The combination of nano Fe⁰/SBE@C and PS, the strong adsorption of SBE@C coupled with the oxidation of free radicals could achieve TCH efficient removal. The effects of nano Fe⁰ load, nano Fe⁰/SBE@C dosage, solution initial pH, and PS/TCH molar ratio on TCH removal efficiency in nano Fe⁰/SBE@C?+?PS system were studied. The results indicate that the optimal reaction conditions are 5% nano Fe⁰ load, 0.2 g/L nano Fe⁰/SBE@C dosage, initial pH of 3, PS/TCH molar ratio of 100:1. Under these conditions, TCH removal efficiency could reach 91%. Meanwhile, response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to predict optimal value of reaction conditions. The removal efficiency corresponding to the predicted optimal conditions was consistent with the actual removal efficiency obtained from the experiment. Moreover, six reaction systems were tested, and TCH removal efficiency in the SBE@C?+?PS system was 22.6%. When nano Fe⁰ was loaded on SBE@C, TCH removal efficiency in Fe⁰/SBE@C?+?PS system increased to 78.2%, in which TCH was first adsorbed on the surface of nano Fe⁰/SBE@C, and then was degraded by the oxidation of SO₄^?? and ?OH. Totally, the nano Fe⁰/SBE@C?+?PS system displayed excellent TCH removal efficiency, good stability and reusability, exhibiting a promise toward TCH removal.

     

氧化强化对氢氧化钙原位固磷效果的影响

将氢氧化钙[Ca(OH)2]和过氧化氢(H2O2)以梅花散点的方式注射到底泥中,考察两者联用对内源磷的控制效果.结果表明,单独投加Ca(OH)2 可以有效固定沉积物-水界面(SWI)以下约20 mm沉积物中约90％的内源磷,但同时会加剧20 mm 以下沉积物的厌氧环境,导致沉积物中稳定态磷向易释放态磷转化,造成潜在活性...     

羟胺对一体式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺的原位恢复及运行稳定性的影响

一体式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化(CPNA)工艺的脱氮性能常因亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)大量增殖导致的N03--N积累而恶化.本研究通过连续试验考察长期低剂量投加羟胺(NH2OH)对CPNA工艺原位恢复及其长期运行稳定性的影响.结果表明,低剂量投加NH2OH(1.5 mg?L-1)可快速原位恢复CPNA工艺,TN去除率在45...     

京津冀燃煤锅炉大气污染物精细化排放清单

基于环境统计数据,采用排放因子法建立2020年京津冀地区燃煤工业锅炉县级大气污染物排放清单.结果表明,2020年京津冀地区燃煤工业锅炉常规大气污染物SO₂、NO_x、颗粒物(PM)、PM₁₀、PM_2.5排放量分别为6351,7399,2952,825,399t.,其中PM₁₀和PM_2.5分别占PM排放总量的27.9%和13.5%.重金属Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr、As的排放量分别为197.9,1391.3,32.0,1214.2,362.4kg.65t/h及以上燃煤工业锅炉为主要的排放贡献源,各类污染物的排放量占京津冀地区工业锅炉各类污染物排放总量的比重为51.1%~81.2%,是污染控制及监管的重点.河北省承德市、唐山市、张家口市为污染物排放量最大的3个城市,3个城市各类污染物排放量占京津冀地区工业锅炉各类污染物排放总量的14.6%~71.9%.污染物排放强度大的区域主要集中在天津市、河北省廊坊市、唐山市的一些区县.     

基于密度–距离空间的红外引信抗噪声方法研究

目的 通过简易的图像处理和目标检测方法，提高红外引信在复杂环境下的抗干扰能力。方法 分析红外引信在复杂背景中的噪声类别，采用“密度–距离”空间方法与像素生长方法进行预处理和目标检测，赋予像素2种属性，并进行量化分析，确定灰度平坦区域中的红外候选目标，并通过像素生长方法筛选候选目标中的真实目标。结果 计算在不同信噪比环境下算法的抗噪声干扰能力，当红外图像的SNR值在44.1~45.4时，算法检测效果理想。结论 红外引信探测过程中的复杂背景和随机噪声都会降低图像质量，考虑到红外目标所占像素数少，极易受噪声影响，需要运用自适应简易算法提高检测准确性。该算法有良好的实时性和抗干扰能力，为红外引信在目标检测中的环境适应性提供了理论依据。