石化行业的清洁生产

清洁生产是以提高企业的科学管理水平，降低原材料、能源资源的消耗，减少污染物的产生量和排放量，减少污染物的处理费用，实现最佳的生产工艺，最佳的资源配置、最佳的管理水平、最佳的污染控制设备为目标。文中根据石化行业生产工艺情况，说明石化行为实施清洁生产的方法和途径。     

城镇市政设施投资项目环境影响后评价探讨

城镇市政设施是城镇经济和社会发展的载体,加强其环境影响后评价工作,能为其决策者提供系统、全面、科学的信息反馈,对于促进城镇社会经济与自然环境的持续、协调、稳定发展,具有十分重要的现实意义.在对城镇市政设施投资项目环境影响后评价的概念进行界定的基础上,对城镇市政设施投资项目环境影响后评价的意义及工作程序进行了阐释,并结合城镇市政设施投资项目的具体特点,对其环境影响后评价的内容从大气、水体、噪声、土壤、固体废弃物和生态等六个方面进行了研究探讨.     

耕地资源的可持续发展探讨

耕地是重要的发展源，也最易受到毁坏，在系统分析我国耕地不断减少和污染，退化的原因的基础上，提出了全面加强耕地资源保护及其可持续发展的途径和对策。     

乙醇废水的超临界水氧化反应路径及动力学研究

研究了超临界水氧化法 (SCWO)处理乙醇废水过程的反应路径和动力学 .乙醇SCWO反应的最终产物为CO2 ,CO是此过程的中间产物 .以幂指数方程描述乙醇SCWO反应动力学 ,得到对于乙醇的反应级数为 1,对氧气的反应级数为 0 .求出活化能和指前因子分别为 3 5 1× 10 5J·mol-1和 7 74× 10 2 1s-1.方程计算值和实验值吻合较好 ,误差基本在 10 %以内     

炼油厂污水处理负荷的削减措施

总结和分析了某厂削减污水处理负荷的主要措施及效益，预测该厂在达到16000kt/a以上加工规模时的污水处理负荷。     

马铃薯淀粉废水的碱式聚合氧化铝处理

本文介绍了用碱式聚合氯化铝处理高浓度有机淀粉废水的效果。用实验室配制的CODw浓度为10000－15000mg/L的淀粉废水以不同用量的碱式聚合氯化铝为絮凝剂处理后，CODw去除率达到28％－47％，再经吸附柱吸附后，CODw去除率可达到65％。     

Hydrogen storage and distribution systems

Hydrogen storage and transportation or distribution is closely linked together. Hydrogen can be distributed continuously in pipelines or batch wise by ships, trucks, railway or airplanes. All batch transportation requires a storage system but also pipelines can be used as pressure storage system. Hydrogen exhibits the highest heating value per weight of all chemical fuels. Furthermore, hydrogen is regenerative and environment friendly. There are two reasons why hydrogen is not the major fuel of toady’s energy consumption: First of all, hydrogen is just an energy carrier. And, although it is the most abundant element in the universe, it has to be produced, since on earth it only occurs in the form of water. This implies that we have to pay for this energy, which results in a difficult economic task, because since the industrialization we are used to consuming energy for free. The second difficulty with hydrogen as an energy carrier is the low critical temperature of 33 K, i.e. hydrogen is a gas at room temperature. For mobile and in many cases also for stationary applications the volumetric and gravimetric density of hydrogen in a storage system is crucial. Hydrogen can be stored by six different methods and phenomena: high pressure gas cylinders (up to 800 bar), liquid hydrogen in cryogenic tanks (at 21 K), adsorbed hydrogen on materials with a large specific surface area (at T < 100 K), absorbed on interstitial sites in a host metal (at ambient pressure and temperature), chemically bond in covalent and ionic compounds (at ambient pressure), oxidation of reactive metals e.g. Li, Na, Mg, Al, Zn with water. These metals easily react with water to the corresponding hydroxide and liberate the hydrogen from the water. Finally, the metal hydroxides can be thermally reduced to the metals in a solar furnace.     

电活性铝凝剂EAF对炼油废水的絮凝作用

采用电化学方法制取电活性铝凝剂ＥＡＦ．对照测定了３种传统的含铝絮凝剂和ＥＡＦ对模拟和实际含油废水的絮凝净化作用．结果表明，６０℃温度下，ｐＨ＝６～７，ＥＡＦ的用量为１０～３０ｍｇ／Ｌ时，油与ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率分别在９０％和８０％以上．简单讨论了ＥＡＦ的絮凝作用机理．     

光催化降解有机磷农药废水的可行性

在ＴｉＯ２粉末的存在下，研究光催化降解有机磷农药废水的可行性。结果表明，ＣＯＤｃｒ６５０ｍｇ／Ｌ，有机磷１９．８ｍｇ／Ｌ的有机磷农药废水在３７５Ｗ中压汞灯照射４ｈ，ＣＯＤ去除率为９０％，有机磷将完全转化为无机磷。同时还研究了光催化剂ＴｉＯ２的用量，反应液初始ｐＨ值，空气流量，外加Ｆｅ３＋浓度等多种因素对光降解的影响；并利用太阳聚光做了室外实验     

电助光催化处理高COD农药废水的研究

采用自制的电助光催化装置处理高浓度COD农药废水,处理后的出水水质符合《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)三级标准。