长江上游曲麻莱至玉树段春秋季浮游植物群落结构及多样性评价

于2012年春季（4月）和秋季（10月）对长江上游曲麻莱至玉树段的浮游植物进行初步研究。结果显示：浮游植物共3门62种（属），以硅藻门最多，42种（属），占678%，其次是绿藻门11种（属），占177%，蓝藻门9种（属），占145%。浮游植物优势种为普通等片藻（Diatoma vulgare）、长等片藻（Diatoma elongatum）、尖针杆藻（Synedra acus）、曲壳藻（Achnanthes sp）、舟形藻（Navicula sp）、桥弯藻（Cymbella sp）、脆杆藻（Fragilaria sp）、直链藻（Melosira sp）、异极藻（Gomphonem sp）、菱形藻（Hantzchia sp）、小环藻（Cyclotella sp）、小颤藻（Oscillatoria tenuis）、席藻（Phormidium sp）和小球藻（Chlorella sp）14种，其中硅藻门12种（属），占优势种类的786%。浮游植物种类组成的季节变化不明显，春季（4月）和秋季（10月）均以硅藻为优势种群。浮游植物平均数量3487×104 cells/L，平均生物量0138 8 mg/L，硅藻数量和生物量分别占8786%和9668%,为优势种群。浮游植物现存量表现为春季高于秋季，支流高于干流。Shannon Wiener指数平均值251，Pielou指数平均值070，Marggalef指数平均值089，Shannon Wiener指数、Pielou指数和Marggalef指数是秋季高于春季。结合浮游植物各项评价指标，得出长江上游曲麻莱至玉树段浮游植物群落结构比较稳定，种类分布较为均匀，水体属贫营养型，水域生态环境良好     

Climate change mitigation policy paradigms—national objectives and alignments

The aim of this paper is to assess how policy goals in relation to the promotion of green growth, energy security, pollution control and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions have been aligned in policies that have been implemented in selected countries during the last decades as a basis for discussing how a multi objective policy paradigm can contribute to future climate change mitigation. The paper includes country case studies from Brazil, Canada, China, the European Union (EU), India, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, South Africa, South Korea and the United States covering renewable energy options, industry, transportation, the residential sector and cross-sectoral policies. These countries and regions together contribute more than two thirds of global GHG emissions. The paper finds that policies that are nationally driven and that have multiple objectives, including climate-change mitigation, have been widely applied for decades in both developing countries and industrialised countries. Many of these policies have a long history, and adjustments have taken place based on experience and cost effectiveness concerns. Various energy and climate-change policy goals have worked together in these countries, and in practice a mix of policies reflecting specific priorities and contexts have been pursued. In this way, climate-change mitigation has been aligned with other policy objectives and integrated into broader policy packages, though in many cases specific attention has not been given to the achievement of large GHG emission reductions. Based on these experiences with policy implementation, the paper highlights a number of key coordination and design issues that are pertinent to the successful joint implementation of several energy and climate-change policy goals.     

光电测试系统及其在硐室排污通风研究中的应用

介绍了光电微机测试系统的构成、测试原理及其在扁平硐室排污通风实验研究中的应用,并根据模拟实验结果,提出了硐室排污通风风量的通用计算式:Q=β（V/t）In(Co/C)。     

考虑“双碳”目标与健康损失的区域现役火电机组有序退役研究

火电行业是我国经济社会发展的重要基础和保障，但也是碳排放的主要源头之一。在“双碳”目标约束下，新能源装机将持续增长，而火电机组则面临降碳和退役的压力。以安徽省为研究区域，考虑“双碳”目标与污染导致的健康损失等因素，对全省现役火电机组的计划退役与有序退役方案进行对比分析，为火电行业实现低碳发展提供路径参考。在有序退役方案下，结合初始投资、使用年限、年度发电收益与污染物排放计算出现役机组每年的净现值，并且根据未来安徽省碳排放削减目标，得到优化后的机组退役时间和顺序。结果表明：与常规的计划退役方案相比，有序退役方案使安徽省火电机组退役时间平均提前约5 a，在2060年碳中和之前可实现现役机组全部退役。2020—2060年，现役机组有序退役可累计减少碳排放量12.76亿t；累计减少SO₂、NO_x、PM_2.5排放量分别为1.44万t、2.13万t、0.17万t，比计划退役方案减少8.66亿元的健康损失。机组的有序退役不仅能带来巨大的环境效益与社会效益，也为“双碳”目标的实现提供了有力保障。     

Bioanalytical and instrumental analysis of estrogenic activities in drinking water sources from Yangtze River Delta

The estrogenic activities of source water from Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Taihu Lake and groundwater in Yangtze River Delta in the dry and wet season were determined by use of reporter gene assays based on African green monkey kidney (CV-1) cell lines. Higher estrogenic activities were observed in the dry season, and the estrogenic potentials in water samples from Taihu Lake were greater than other river basins. None of the samples from groundwater showed estrogen receptor (ER) agonist activity. The 17β-Estradiol (E2) equivalents (EEQs) of water samples in the dry season ranged from 9.41 × 10^?1 to 1.20 × 10¹ ng E2 L^?1. In the wet season, EEQs of all the water samples were below the detection limit as 9.00 × 10^?1 ng E2 L^?1 except for one sample from Huaihe River. The highest contribution of E2 was detected in Yangtze River as 99% of estrogenic activity. Nonylphenol (NP, 100% detection rate) and octylphenol (OP, 100% detection rate) might also be responsible for the estrogenic activities in water sources. Potential health risk induced by the estrogenic chemicals in source water may be posed to the residents through water drinking.     

氯菊酯的酶促降解

从降解氯菊酯的分离株ＹＦ１１提取降解酶并测定了对氯菊酯的降解特性，降解酶在３２．５℃，ｐＨ９．０时对氯菊酯显示最大的降解活性，其每毫克蛋白质最大降解速率为２０．８ｎｍｏｌ／ｍｉｎ，米氏常数为５．２ｎｍｏｌ／ｍＬ。     

丁二烯过氧化物的生成、危害及安全性研究

综述了国内外丁二烯过氧化物研究进展，主要包括丁二烯过氧化物的危害性、成因、危险评价和热稳定性，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

珠江上游少数民族县域经济活动的累积环境效应研究--以贵州三都水族自治县为例

为了探索珠江上游少数民族区域经济活动的累积环境效应与生态安全，我们选择三都水族自治县作为定位研究基地．对建国以来区域内经济活动变迁进行历史、现状研究和综合评估，揭示历史时期发展政策、发展模式、重大经济活动等人为扰动因素在区域生态环境系统退化过程中的作用．评估少数民族经济活动的累积环境效应与生态安全。     

A review of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and alternative brominated flame retardants in wildlife from China: Levels, trends, and bioaccumulation characteristics

Accelerated industrialization and urbanization, and unregulated disposal of waste of electric and electronic equipment (e-waste) in China have caused environmental pollution of brominated flame retardants (BFRs). This review summarized the levels, trends, and bioaccumulation characteristics of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and other potential alternative BFRs including hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-dibromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE) and decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) in wildlife from China. PBDE levels in wildlife from China were generally higher than those from other parts in Asia, and were comparable to those from Europe but were lower than those from North America. However, wildlife from the e-waste recycling sites in South China and East China contained much higher PBDEs compared to other reports around the world, suggesting the heavy contamination of PBDEs in these regions. The alternative BFRs were also detected in wildlife, revealing that the animals are exposed to these chemicals, in addition to PBDEs. Temporal trends indicated by levels in marine mammals from South China suggested that PBDE levels increased from the beginning of 1990s to 2000s, but decreased from the middle of 2000s, followed by relatively steady levels. In contrast, HBCDs were found to be continuously increasing from 1997 to 2007, indicating the increasing usage of HBCDs in China in recent years. Compared to PBDE profiles found in other parts, aquatic species and birds from China contained relatively higher contributions of BDE-28 and 209, respectively, suggesting the possible different usage pattern of PBDEs. Future works including keeping monitoring at a reasonable scale and frequency to make sure levels near urban centers indicative of population do not increase are needed. Additionally, focus effort on e-waste recycling regions to look for impacts and to determine if regulation/controls are resulting in lower environmental contamination, and incorporation of sentinel species in monitoring efforts are recommended.